22 - Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration Flashcards
What are the important steps in glycolysis?
What happens to glycolysis and pyruvate under anaerobic conditions (intense exercise)? Is this the same in eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms?
Lactate/Lactic acid formation. Cori Cycle. No, in prokaryotes, ethanol is formed.
What happens when glycolytic enzymes are deficient? (this is typically autosomal recessive with large variance in phenotypes)
Why is glycolysis performed stepwise, releasing small amounts of energy at once, instead of combustion-like in one step?
NADH and FADH2 formation for use in oxidative phosphorylation. These reduced electron carriers can also be used in other important metabolic processes.
How is pyruvate oxidized to acetyl CoA?
pyrvate dehydrogenase -> dehydrogenase = oxidation
What is the krebs cycle and its reactants/enzymes/products?
CIKSSFMO, Succinyl CoA comes before succinate. Succinly-Coa synthetase forms a thiolated CoA as a byproduct so the name is somewhat misleading. Steps 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8 forms products. NADH + CO2 are formed in steps 3 and 4. GTP in step 4. FADH2 in step 6 (succinate used FADH2 as complex 2 in oxidative phosphorylation). NADH in step 8.
Why are glycolysis and the krebs cycle important aside from ATP production?
Their reactants and products can be used in other metabolic pathways/
What are some past industrial inhibitors of the TCA cycle?
Describe the oxidative phosporylation chain structure and function.
How does cytochrome c carry electrons?
Thermogenenin proton channel.
Describe the mechanism of ATP synthase generally.
What are particularly harmful sites of inhibition in the oxidative phosphorylation chain? Why is it so harmful?
Summary of energy production in aerobic metabolism.
What is the importance of proton membrane transport in bacteria?
brings in nutrients
How is H+ flow used in bacteria for mobility?
General overview of pathology associated with the TCA cycle.
