22-24 Flashcards
riveting
吸引人的，极迷人的：absorbing engrossing
rivulet
小河，小溪：small stream
robust
精力充沛的，强壮的，健康的：full of strength
roil
搅浑，使混乱：stir up；激怒：displease
roisterer
喝酒喧闹的人：engages in merrymaking
rookie
新兵；新生；菜鸟：recruit
roster
值勤表，花名册：list of personnel
rostrum
讲坛，演讲坛：stage speaking
rouse
激起，煽动：stir up；唤醒：stop sleeping
royalty
皇家身份：regal character；版税；专利权税：payment
rubicund
红润的，健康的：healthy rosiness
rudimentary
初始的，未发展的：earliest development；最根本的，基础的：first principles
rue
后悔，遗憾：feeling of regret
ruffle
皱褶，褶裥花边：strip edge；使粗糙：destroy smoothness；扰乱，打扰：disturb
ruminate
沉思：go over in the mind
rumple
使皱，弄皱：form creases；打乱，使不整齐：undo the proper order
run
（不间断的）连续演出：course of performances
runic
神秘的：mysterious
rupture
打破；打碎，破裂：part
ruse
诡计：subterfuge
rustic
乡下人，头脑简单的人：awkward or simple person；乡村的：open areas with few buildings；粗俗的：lacking polish
rustle
快速地行动：move or act with speed
sabotage
妨害，破坏：hinder a cause；从事破坏活动，阻止：practice sabotage
saccharine
像糖一样的，有甜味的：sugar；做作的，矫情的：appealing to the emotions
sacrilege
亵渎圣物：profanation sacred
saddle
使某人担负：load
safeguard
保护措施：prevent accident；保护：make safe
sage
智者：wisdom
salient
显著的，最突出的：conspicuously
salubrious
有益健康的：promoting health
salutary
有益健康的：promoting health；有利的，利好的：promoting well-being
salutation
致敬，打招呼（表示欢迎和礼貌）：greeting；赞扬：praise
salvage
（从灾难中）抢救：save from loss
salve
减轻：缓解：assuage
sanctify
使神圣，将…敬为神：make holy
sanctimonious
假装虔诚的：hypocritically pious
sanction
批准，同意，许可：make valid；制裁：coercive measure
sanctuary
避难所：protection
sand
磨光：make smooth
sanguine
乐观的，确信的：free from doubt；面色红润的：healthy reddish
sanitary
健康的，清洁的：health
sap
削弱：weaken energy vitality；健康，活力：active strength
sapient
聪明的，有洞察力的：deep understanding, intelligent
sarcasm
讽刺，轻蔑：ironic
sartorial
裁缝匠的，裁缝的：clothes
sate
使饱足，充分满足：satisfy fully
satiate
（使）饱足（的），过分满足（的）：satisfy fully
satire
讽刺诗，讽刺文学：literary ridicule
satirize
讽刺：ridicule
saturate
使饱和，浸透：wet thoroughly
saturnine
忧郁的，阴沉的：lacking in cheer；讽刺的：sardonic
saunter
闲逛，漫步：by foot
savant
博学之士，学者：learning
savory
口感好的，味道好的：appetizing taste, smell；令人愉悦的，pleasure or contentment
savvy
老练，机智：knowledge actually doing；明确了解：clear idea of；有见识的，精明能干的：practical cleverness or judgment
scads
许多，大量：large number
scant
不足的，缺乏的：scarcely
scathing
尖酸刻薄的：cause hurt feelings
schism
不一致：lack of agreement
scintillate
闪耀：sparks
scion
子孙：descendant
scission
切断，分离，分裂：division
scoff
嘲笑：derision, mock；狼吞虎咽：eat greedily
scorch
炙烤，烘干：burn, make dry
scorn
轻蔑，鄙视，不屑：reject contemptible
scotch
停止：put an end to
scour
用力擦洗：wash vigorously；搜查：to find or discover
scowl
皱眉（表现出不高兴）：expression displeasure
scrappy
好斗的，好吵架的：aggressive
scrap
废料，废物：discarded or useless；抛弃：get rid of；终止，放弃原计划：put an end to
scrawl
乱涂，潦草地写：write carelessly
scribble
潦草地书写，乱写：meaningless
scrupulous
正直的：principled；一丝不苟的：great care and effort
scrutable
可以理解的：understood comprehensible
scrutinize
仔细检查：observe great care
scuff
（使）磨损：roughened by wear；脚步拖沓：move heavily
scurrilous
说粗话的：vulgar
scurvy
下流的，让人鄙视的：contemptible
seamy
肮脏的，堕落的：sordid, base
secluded
僻静的，隐蔽的：hidden
secrete
隐藏：conceal；分泌：generate
sedate
淡定的，安静的：free from agitation
sedentary
固定不动的：not migratory
seduce
劝说（使不忠，使不服从），诱…误入歧途：persuade
sedulous
勤奋认真的：careful perseverance
seemly
得体的，遵守礼节的：following the established traditions
segment
分割；部分：separate
self-abasement
自卑，自谦：humiliation
self-absorbed
自恋的，自私的：absorbed in one’s own
seminal
有发展性的：contributing later development；创新的：creative
sensation
感觉，知觉：sense；轰动事件：intense interest
sensitive
敏感的：susceptible
sentinel
哨兵，看守：watches over
sepulchral
阴沉的，丧葬的：lacking in cheer
septic
腐败的，感染的：putrefaction
sequela
结果：secondary result
sequester
使隔离，分离：segregate；使隐退：seclusion
sere
干枯的，凋萎的：dried, withered
serendipity
意外发现珍奇（或称心）事物的本领：by accident
serene
安静的：free from uproar；稳重的，镇静的：unaffected, calm
sermon
布道，说教：public speech moral
serpentine
弯曲的：winding
serrate
锯齿状的：notched
serried
密集的：little space
servile
低下的，卑屈的：submissive, abject
severe
严厉的，要求严格的：exacting standards；难以承受的，艰难的：difficult to endure
shackle
束缚：restrictions；限制，阻碍：create difficulty
shadow
偷偷尾随：secretly trail；遮蔽，（使）变暗：gloomy
shallow
浅显的，浅薄的：lack of depth of understanding
sham
欺瞒：deceitfulness；掩饰，假装：present a false appearance；虚假的：fake
shiftless
胸无大志的，懒惰的：lacking ambition
shipshape
井然有序的：order
shirk
逃避，规避：keep away from
shoal
浅的：little depth
shopworn
陈旧的：worn-out
shred
少量：small amount
shrewd
精明的，机敏的：cleverness or judgment；刺骨的，强烈的：discomfort
shrink
（在数量或价值方面）降低，减小：reduced；（使）本能性地退却（如因遇到使人惊恐的事物），（使）退缩：draw back；表示出不情愿，犹豫：hesitate
shroud
隐蔽物，可起隐蔽、保护或屏护作用的物体：conceals, protects, screens；将…从视线中隔离，遮蔽：shut off from sight
shrug
轻视，忽略：dismiss；脱下（衣物等）：rid
shun
避开，避免：keep away
sidestep
（通过逃避而）不遵守：avoid having to comply with
signal
（在重要性、成就方面）非同寻常的：standing above；给出信号：direct or notify
simpleton
（缺乏常识的）笨蛋：lacking in common sense
simulate
假装，模仿：take on the appearance；模拟：create a representation
sin
罪恶的事：highly reprehensible
sincere
真诚的，不做作的：without pretense
sinecure
美差：requires little or no work
sinew
活力，力量：vigorous strength
singe
轻微烧焦：burn superficially
sinuous
蜿蜒的，迂回的：irregular curves
sip
（尤指小口地）喝：swallow in liquid form
skeleton
骨架，框架：structural framework
skeptic
怀疑者：doubts, questions or disagrees
skimp
缺乏的，不足的：less plentiful；节省花费，吝啬：give insufficient funds
skirmish
小冲突，争论：minor
skirt
界限，边界：marks the outer limit；绕行，避开：go around
slack
松弛的：not tightly fastened；疏忽的，大意的：failing to give proper care
slake
使满足：satisfy
slant
（看待问题、思考的）角度，看法：way of looking；倾斜的：slanting direction；歪曲（事实等）：create a wrong impression
slate
列入名单，计划，安排：put on a list
slew
大量，许多：large amount
slight
不重要的：deficient in weight；轻微的：small in degree；轻蔑，看不起：treat with disdain；忽略，疏忽：fail to give proper attention
sling
投掷：send through the air
slippery
光滑的：slide；隐秘的：acting in secret；意义不明确的：not precise in meaning
slipshod
粗心的，随意的：indifference to exactness, precision, and accuracy
sloppy
邋遢的，不整洁的：lacking neatness；混乱的：lacking in order
sloth
怠惰，懒惰：disinclination to action
slouch
懒人：lazy person；缓慢行走：move slowly
slovenly
邋遢的，不整洁的：lacking neatness
sluggard
懒人：lazy person
sluggish
缓慢的，迟缓的：slow in movement；迟钝的，反应慢的：slow to respond
slumber
睡着：sleep
slur
耻辱：mark of guilt；含糊地发音：indistinctly；疏忽，忽略：without due, consideration
sly
狡猾的：clever or cunning；隐秘的，偷偷的：acting in secret
smarmy
虚情假意的，过分恭维的：hypocritically
smart
反应敏捷的，聪颖的：sharp quick thought；整洁的：strikingly neat；感到疼痛，感到痛苦：suffer acutely
smattering
浅薄的知识：superficial knowledge；少量：small amount
smirk
（自鸣得意地）笑：offensively self-satisfied
smother
使窒息：killed by lack of air；抑制（表达，说出），压制：refrain
smug
自大的，自鸣得意的：opinion of oneself；整洁的，有序的：good order
smuggling
走私，私运：importation or exportation contrary to the law
snare
无法逃脱的困境：catches and holds；捕捉：capture by
snarl
纠缠，纠结：twist；咆哮，怒吼：to anger
sneer
（轻蔑地）嘲笑：scornful
snobbish
谄上傲下的，自大的：offensive air of superiority
snub
轻视，不理睬：contempt or neglect
soak
使…湿透：make thoroughly wet
sober
严肃的：serious-looking；节制的：restraint；有理有据的：sound reasoning
sodden
湿透的：penetrated by water；使…湿透：wet thoroughly
solace
安慰：comfort in sorrow；安慰，安抚：console
solder
连接，联合：unite
solemnity
庄严，严肃：solemn
solicitous
为他人操心的，体谅他人的：happiness of others；迫切的，渴望的：urgent desire
solid
固态的，坚固的：not easily yield to pressure；有理有据的：sound reasoning；坚定的，不迟疑的：not showing weakness
soliloquy
（尤指自言自语的）独白：without addressing a listener
solitude
孤独，避世：being alone
solvent
有偿付能力的：able to pay debts；溶剂：another substance is dissolved
somatic
肉体的：of the body
somber
昏暗的，无光的：shaded；悲伤的，不愉快的：lacking in cheer
somnolence
瞌睡，嗜睡：needing sleep
sonnet
十四行诗：14-line verse form
soothe
带来慰藉，安慰：bring comfort；使镇静，使安心：free from distress；弱化，缓解：less severe
sop
安慰物：placate or soothe；贿赂，回扣：improperly influence a person’s conduct；浸湿，湿透：wet thoroughly
sophism
假推理，诡辩：deceptive argumentation
sophisticated
精明的，老于世故的：worldly knowledge or refinement；复杂的：complex
soporific
催眠的药剂，安眠药：induces sleep；催眠的：cause sleep；慵懒的，困倦的：sleepiness or lethargy
sordid
肮脏的，不干净的：not clean；卑鄙的：baseness
sound
牢固的，不可动摇的：withstand stress without structural damage；健康的，强壮的：free from injury；（逻辑）上严谨的：valid reasoning
sparse
稀疏的，稀少的：less plentiful
spartan
简朴的，节约的：simplicity
spat
（小的）争吵：quarrel
spate
突发的洪水：sudden flood；大量：large number
specific
特有的，独特的：exact sort；明确的：clearly expressed
specious
似是而非的，欺骗性的：false look of truth
speck
小点，少量：small amount
spectator
观众，目击者，旁观者：watches
spectrum
光谱，范围，系列：sequence or range
speculate
推测，揣测：take to be true；投机倒买：from market fluctuations
spendthrift
挥霍家，败家子：spends improvidently；挥霍的，不节俭的：spending money freely
spent
精疲力竭的：drained of energy
spindly
细长纤弱的：frail or flimsy
spiny
多刺的：spines；棘手的，麻烦的：requiring exceptional skill
spleen
怒气，怨恨：anger or ill will
splice
接合，叠接：unite
spontaneous
自发的，不经思索的：without apparent thought
spoof
轻松幽默的模仿，小恶搞：exaggerates for comic effect；诱骗，诱使相信：believe what is true
sporadic
偶尔的，零星发生的：not often occurring
sprawl
杂乱无序地发展；蔓生，蔓延：irregularly
sprightly
活泼的，充满活力的：full of vitality
spur
刺激物：arouses action；支撑物：holds up；刺激，激励：incite
spurious
假的，伪造的：lacking authenticity
spurn
摒弃，拒绝：reject with disdain
squabble
口角，小争吵：quarrel
squalid
污秽的，肮脏的：dirty；道德败坏的：repulsive
squall
（通常伴随雨或雪的）风暴，暴风雪，暴风雨：violent windstorm；尖叫：scream
squander
使分散：apart；浪费：spend wastefully
squat
又矮又胖的：broad in build, short in stature
squint
斜视，睥睨：glances sideways
squelch
压制，镇压（运动）：stop by force；击溃，使无言以对：put down or silence
stabilize
使稳定；变得稳定：make or become stable
stalwart
无所畏惧的：no fear；（体魄等）强健的：strength vigor；坚定的：firm, resolute
stamina
耐力：moral strength；
stammer
口吃，结巴：speak with pauses
startle
使吓一跳，使大吃一惊：frighten or surprise
static
静态的；停滞的：lack of movement；无改变的：little change
stature
高度，身高：height；才干，水平：quality, status
steadfast
坚定的，忠诚的：firm in belief
stealth
秘密行动：proceeding furtively；秘密的：not to attract attention
steep
浸泡：make wet；陡峭的：approaching perpendicular；过分的，过高的：beyond limit
stench
臭气，恶臭：foul odor
stentorian
声音洪亮的：loud
sterile
贫瘠的：not productive；无菌的：free from bacteria
stickler
坚持细节的人，一丝不苟的人：insist on exactness
stiff
僵硬的，无法弯曲的：lacking suppleness；（在社交场合）缺乏优雅的，不自在的：lacking social grace；过分的，过高的：beyond limit；艰苦的，费力的：requiring effort
stifle
抑制（声音、呼吸等）；阻止，扼杀：hold back
stigma
耻辱，污名：mark of shame
stint
吝惜，节省：be frugal
stingy
小气的，吝啬的：unwilling；极少量的：less plentiful
stipple
（雕刻时）点刻，用点标记：mark with small spots
stipulate
规定，特定要求：specify agreement
stitch
突然剧痛：sharp unpleasant sensation
stock
库存，储备：inventory；普通的，常备的：commonly used
stockade
栅栏，围栏：enclosure；监狱：confinement
stodgy
平庸的，乏味的：dull；非常守旧的：old-fashioned
stoke
添加燃料：supply fuel；增大，促进：make greater
stoic
隐忍的，冷静的：unaffected by pleasure or pain
stolid
无动于衷的，感情麻木的：little emotion
stomach
容忍：bear
stonewall
拒绝（合作），阻挠：uncooperative, obstructive
stouthearted
勇敢的：stout, spirit
stratagem
谋略，策略：deceiving
strait
海峡：channel joining water；痛苦：suffering
strand
绳，线之一股：single filament；遗弃，使置之困境：leave in a unfavorable place
stratify
将…分成各种等级：divide into classes
stray
漫无目的：lacking purpose；离群，迷途，偏离：move away, deviate
strength
力量：ability to exert effort；（抵抗攻击、压力的）强度：ability to withstand force
striate
加条纹：mark with striations
stricture
责难，批评：criticism
stride
迈大步走：long steps
strident
刺耳的：harsh sound
strike
攻击：force or violence；铸造（奖牌）：form by stamping；击打：deliver a blow；袭击，攻击：violent action；撞击：forceful contact
stringent
紧绷的：tight；严格的：marked by rigor
strip
脱衣，剥去：remove clothing
strut
趾高气昂地走：walk pompous；支柱，压杆strengthen a framework
studio
工作室，画室，摄影室：working place of a painter
stultify
使无效，抑制：render futile
stupor
迟钝，麻痹，无知觉：suspended sense
stunt
阻碍（成长）：hinder growth
sturdy
强健的，结实的：strengthen
stygian
极阴暗的：extremely dark
stymie
阻碍：present an obstacle
subdue
使顺从；征服：conquer
subject
臣民，受支配的人：under authority；取决于（其他因素）的：under the influence
subjugate
征服，镇压：bring under control；剥夺…的自由：make subservient
sublime
崇高的，庄严的：high moral；（因为杰出、尊贵、美丽等而）令人惊叹的：inspire awe
subliminal
下意识的，潜在意识的：below perception
submerge
使淹没：under water
submissive
服从的，顺从的，恭顺的：submitting
subordinate
下级的，次要的：lower rank；征服：under one’s control
subservient
奉承的，屈从的：obsequiously
subside
下陷，下沉，减弱：tend downward
subsidiary
次要的：secondary importance；起辅助作用的：aid, support
subsidy
补助金，津贴：monetary support
substantial
物质的：having substance；有重大意义的：considerable in importance
substantiate
证实：support with proof；使实体化：give material
substantive
本质的，关键的：relating to the essence
subterfuge
诡计：deception to conceal
subtle
微妙的，难以感知的：difficult perceive；巧妙的，间接或带有欺骗性的：clever deceptive means
subvert
颠覆：overturn
succinct
简明的，简洁的：clear, precise
succor
救援，援助：aid
suffocate
使窒息：deprive of oxygen
suffuse
（色彩等）弥漫，染遍，充满：spread through
sulk
生气，愠怒：resentment
sullen
闷闷不乐的：lacking in cheer
summary
摘要：abstract；就地的，立即的：on the spot
summit
顶点：highest point
summon
召集，召唤：call together；传唤（出庭、出席）：command to appear in court
sumptuous
豪华的，奢侈的：extremely luxurious
