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anatomie > 22, 23, 24, 25 - lebka > Flashcards

22, 23, 24, 25 - lebka Flashcards

1
Q

vyboj lebky - osifikace

A

-chondrogenni osifikace
-desmogenni osifikace

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2
Q

chondrogenni osifikace

A

postupne nahrazováni chrupavcite tkane kostni tkani

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3
Q

desmogenni osifikace

A

probiha z mezenchymove tkane - bunky mezenchymu se diferencuji v osteoblasty, které vytvářejí kostní tkáň

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4
Q

jak osifikuji lebecni svy

A

na zaklade vaziva

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5
Q

jak vznikl oblicejovy skelet

A

na zaklade redukce žeberních oblouku

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6
Q

pozůstatky chrupavčitých žeberních oblouků

A

stredousni kustky, jazylka, processus styloideus

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7
Q

casti lebky

A

splanchnocranium
neurocranium

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8
Q

splanchnocranium casti

A

maxilla, os palatinum, os zygomaticum, mandibula, os hyoideum, ossicula auditus

concha nasalis inferior, vomer, os lacrimale, os nasale

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9
Q

horni celist

A

maxilla

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10
Q

kost patrova

A

os palatinum

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11
Q

kost licni/ jařmova

A

os zygomaticum

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12
Q

dolni celist

A

mandibula

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13
Q

jazylka

A

os hyoideum

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14
Q

stredousni kustky

A

ossicula auditus

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15
Q

kladivko, kovadlinka, trminek

A

malleus incus stapes

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16
Q

deleni neurocrania

A

base, klenba lebecni

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17
Q

casti neurocrania base lebecni

A

os occipitale, os temporale, os sphenoidale, os ethmoidale

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18
Q

kost tylni

A

os occipitale

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19
Q

kost spankova

A

os temporale

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20
Q

kost celni

A

os frontale

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21
Q

kost temenni

A

os parietale

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22
Q

dolni skorepa nosni

A

concha nasalis inferior

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23
Q

kost klinova

A

os sphenoidale

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24
Q

kost cichova

A

os ethmoidale

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25
Q

radlicna kost

A

vomer

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26
Q

kost slzni

A

os lacrimale

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27
Q

kost nosni

A

os nasale

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28
Q

maxilla vybezky

A

processus frontalis, zygomaticus, alveoralis, palatinus

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29
Q

processus alveolaris

A
  • na maxille
    -jde do zubniho oblouku - jsou v nem ulozeny zuby
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30
Q

processus palatinus

A

prepazka nosni a ustni prepazky
-na maxille

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31
Q

co dovytvari maxilla

A

podili se na vytvareni orbity a dovytvari dolni sterbinu nosni - fissura orbitalis inferior

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32
Q

os zygomaticum spoluvytvari

A

orbitu vybezky - processus frontalis, maximalis, temporalis

33
Q

jarmovy oblouk

A
  • processus temporalis spoluvytvari jařmový oblouk- arcus zygomaticus
34
Q

forameny na os zygomaticum

A

foramen zygomaticoorbitale, zygomaticofaciale, zygomaticotemporale

35
Q

os palatinum casti

A

lamina horizontalis - sutura palatina transverza, mediana

lamina perpendicularia , processus pyramidalis, facies palatinus major

36
Q

casti mandibuly

A

corpus (obsahuje zubni luzka)
angulus (uhlel)
ramus mandibulae (vetev)

37
Q

vyvoj mandibuly

A

vyvjici se z Meckelovy chrupavky, ta se postupne premenuje na kost

38
Q

co tvori bradu

A

processus mentale

39
Q

jamky pro slinne zlazy na mandibule

A

fossa pro glandula sublingualis

fossa pro glandula submandibularis

40
Q

vybezky na mandibule

A

processus condylaris - na vrcholu ramusu - tvori soucast temporomandibularniho kloubu

processus coronoideus - upinaji se na nej zvykaci svaly

41
Q

utvary souvisejici s upony svalu zvykacich

A

musculus masseter, temporalis, pteryboideus medialis/ lateralis

42
Q

utvary souvisejici s upony svalu supranyoidnich

A

spojuji mandibulu s jazylkou

podileji se na polykani, pohybech dolni celisti

musculus digastricus, mylohyoideus, geniohyoideus

43
Q

jazylka casti

A

corpus, cornua majus et. minus

44
Q

os hyoideum info

A

ouvodne chrupavcity podklad

velmi dulezita k odhadu veku

zavesena vazy na spankove kosti

45
Q

os ocipitale casti

A

tvori i basi lebecni
para basilaris - pred velkym tylnim otvorem
pars laterales - postranni cast
squama occipitalis - za - linea nuchae

46
Q

os ocipitale dulezite casti

A

foramen occipitale magnum

condylus occipitalis

canalis nervi hypoglossi

foramen jugulare

47
Q

foramen occipitale magnum

A

pruchod michy os occipitale - dale se meni na prodlouzeni cns

48
Q

condylus occipitalis

A

plochy na os occipitale k pripojeni atlasu

49
Q

canalis nervi hypoglossi

A

pruchod 12. hlaviveho nervu na os occipitale

50
Q

foramen jugulare

A

na hranici mezi tylni a spankovou kosti

vena jugularis interna
nervus glossopharyngeus
nervus vagus
nervus accesorius

51
Q

vena jugularis interna

A

odvazi z mozku odkyslicenou krev

52
Q
  1. hlavovy nerv
A

nervus glossopharyngeus

53
Q
  1. hlavovynerv
A

nervus vagus

54
Q
  1. hlavovy nerv
A

nervus accesorius

55
Q

na jake casti lebky jsou žilní splavy

A

os occipitale - kost tylni

56
Q

casti os sphenoidale

A

corpus (pneumatizovane), turecke sedlo, sinus sphenoidalis (ty dutiny, ktere se ucpavaji)

57
Q

dulezite casti os sphenoidale

A

alae majores - velka kridla ( foramen rotundum, ovale, spinosum)
alae minores - mala kridla - canalis opticus - prochazi tudy zrakovy nerv (fissura orbitalis superior)
processus ptygoideus - kridlate vybezky (fossa pterygoidea - musculus pterygoideus medialis - zacina tu zvykaci sval)

58
Q

casti os ethmoidale

A

lamina cribroza

lamina perpendiculare - podili se na prepazce nosni

labyrinthi ethmoidales - cichove labyrinty uvnitr celluale ethmoidale patricich do vedlejsich dutin nosnich - vystlave cichovym epitelem a concha nasalis - skorepy nosni součástí labyrintu

59
Q

lamina cribroza

A

dirkovana plotenka na os ethmoidale- pruchod vlaken cichoveho nervu - rozhrani mezi nosni dutinou a mozkovou casti

60
Q

srustem jakych casti vznika os temporale

A

os petrosum

processus mastoideus, styloideus

pars squamosa

pars tympanica

61
Q

os petrosum

A

kost skalni (pyramida)

nejtvrdsi kost
vstup do vnitrniho zvukovodu, uvnitr vnitrni ucho - porus acusticus internus - chrupavcita cast

62
Q

processus mastoideus

A

bradavcovy vybezek za uchem patrici k os temporale

63
Q

processus styloideus

A

je na nem zavesena jazylka

64
Q

na cem je zavesena jazylka

A

processus styloideus

65
Q

casti pars squamosa

A

patri k os temporale

vybiha nahoru od pyramidy (os petrosum)

processus zygomaticus (jarmovy oblouk)

porus acusticus externus

fossa mandibularis (spojeni mandibuly s lebkou)

jamka celistniho kloubu

66
Q

po odstranění pars tympanica je videt…

A

cavum tympani - bubinkova dutina

na os temporale

67
Q

cim vede co okyslicenou krev do mozku

A

canalis carodicus prochazejici os temporale

carotis interna vede okyslicenou krev do mozku

68
Q

cim vede co okyslicenou krev do mozku

A

canalis carodicus prochazejici os temporale

carotis interna vede okyslicenou krev do mozku

69
Q

jaka je typicka plocha kost

A

os parietale - kost temenni

70
Q

sutury os parietale

A

sutura coronalis - věnčitý, sagittalis - šípový, lamboidea - lambdový + sutura squamosa + zustava nejdele otevreny

71
Q

misto uponu zvykaciho svalu

A

musculus temporalis na os parietale - linea temporales

72
Q

misto kde je nejvic vypoukla os parietale

A

tuber et foramen parietale

73
Q

misto kde je nejvic vypoukla os parietale

A

tuber et foramen parietale

74
Q

casti os frontale

A

squama os frontalis - tvori celo

sutura methopica - zarusta v 2. roce x pokud ne ´´metopicky sev´´

tubera frontalle - rozdeluje kost celni na dve casti

75
Q

dukezite casti os frontale

A

partes prbitales - tvori horni cast ocnice x margo supraorbitalis

pars nasalis - prispiva k formovani nosniho korene

sinus frontalis - celni dutina - podileji se na zvlhcovani vdechovaneho vzduchu

sutura coronalis - koronalni šev - oddeluje os frontale a os parietale - uzavira se s vekem

76
Q

neurocranium klenba lebecni

A

os frontale, os parietale, os occipitale

77
Q

base lebecni preklad

A

basis cranii

78
Q

klenba lebecni preklad

A

calvaria

anatomie (30 decks)

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