2.1 Atomic Structure

Question 1

What are the masses of proton/neutron/electrons?

Answer 1

Proton 1, Neutron 1, Electron 0

Question 2

What are the charges of proton/neutron/electrons?

Answer 2

Proton +1, Neutron 0, Electron -1

Question 3

What function do protons serve? Do they change the identity of the atom?

Answer 3

Protons add mass and identify the atom depending on number of protons in the nucleus.

Question 4

What purpose do valence electrons serve?

Answer 4

Valence electrons are the electrons on the outer shell that can number up to 8. Valence electrons interact with valence electrons of other elements when a reaction happens.

Question 5

What purpose do neutrons serve? What happens sometimes when neutrons are added to an element?

Answer 5

Neutrons add mass to an element. Sometimes an atom will become suddenly unstable if a certain number of neutrons are added.

Question 6

What is an isotope? Example?

Answer 6

An isotope is a variant of an atom with the same identity but a different mass number. Example: Carbon 12 VS Carbon 14 (an isotope)

Question 7

How do you determine the atomic mass of an atom?

Answer 7

Protons + Neutrons

Question 8

How do you determine the ion charge of an atom?

Answer 8

Protons + Electrons

Question 9

How do you determine the element?

Answer 9

Protons

Question 10

How many protons does carbon 12 have?

Answer 10

6 Protons

Question 11

Why are isotopes useful in scientific research?

Answer 11

Isotopes can be used to date back something like temperature, cross-analyzing between a common atom and one of its isotopes.