202 - Whole Body Metabolism I, a

Question 1

_________ - sum of all chemical processes that go on in the body, including energy production, synthesis of molecules, and waste disposal

Answer 1

metabolism

Question 2

________ ____ - amount of energy produced by the body at a given time

Answer 2

metabolic rate

Question 3

energy = (3)

Answer 3

work energy + stored energy + heat energy

Question 4

______ - amount of hear necessary to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius

Answer 4

calorie

Question 5

a kilocalorie (calorie in food terms) is _____ calories

Answer 5

1000

Question 6

fat / carbs / proteins yield the most heat

Answer 6

fat

Question 7

fat calories are LIGHT / HEAVY calories

Answer 7

light

Question 8

carbohydrate calories are LIGHT / HEAVY calories

Answer 8

heavy

Question 9

3 ways to measure metabolic rate

Answer 9

• controlled scientifically
• oxygen consumed
• Harris-Benedict equation

Question 10

________ ______ - amount of carbon dioxide produced divided by the amount of oxygen consumed

Answer 10

respiratory quotient

Question 11

CO2 produced / O2 consumption =

Answer 11

respiratory quotient

Question 12

respiratory quotient (CO2 produced / O2 consumption) in carbohydrates is . . .

Answer 12

1

Question 13

respiratory quotient (CO2 produced / O2 consumption) in fats is . . .

Answer 13

0.7

Question 14

what energy source is used primarily in short term, active exercise? long term?

Answer 14

carbohydrates; fatty acids

Question 15

______ / ______ metabolic rate is the minimum energy expenditure

Answer 15

basal / resting

Question 16

_______ _______ is the equivalent of energy used during exercise

Answer 16

oxygen deficit

Question 17

exercise, food, low temperatures, fever, thyroid hormone, catecholamines epinephrine and norep all effect _______

Answer 17

metabolism

Question 18

sympathetic stimulation has a very specific effect on _____ fat

Answer 18

brown

Question 19

______ fat stores energy in the form of triglycerides

Answer 19

white

Question 20

age, sex, malnutrition, growth hormone all affect _______

Answer 20

metabolism

Question 21

energy ______ simply means the interplay between energy input and output

Answer 21

balance

Question 22

primary energy store and %

Answer 22

fat (triglycerides), 75%

Question 23

Percent of energy stores: carbs, fat, protein

Answer 23

carbs - 1
fat - 75
protein - 23

Question 24

protein calories are LIGHT / HEAVY calories

Answer 24

heavy

Question 25

glycogen and starch are ___________ (type of carb)

Answer 25

polysaccharides

Question 26

sucrose, lactose, and maltose are ________ (type of carb)

Answer 26

disaccharides

Question 27

glucose, fructose, mannose, galactose are _________ (type of carb)

Answer 27

monosaccharides

Question 28

controlled burning of glucose to produce ATP is called _______ ________

Answer 28

cellular respiration

Question 29

When electrons are donated to H+ ions, called _______ ________

Answer 29

oxidative phosphorylation

Question 30

________ yields two molecules of 3-carbon pyruvate and 2 molecules of ATP

Answer 30

glycolysis

Question 31

each acetyl CoA adds its 2-carbon acetyl group to oxaloacetic acid, converting it to citric acid. Citric acid then undergoes the oxidation-reduction reactions of the _____ _____

Answer 31

Krebs cycle

Question 32

4 molecules of carbon are removed to form CO2, regenerating oxaloacetic acid in the ______ _____

Answer 32

Krebs cycle

Question 33

oxidative phosphorylation also called _______ ______ ____

Answer 33

electron transport chain