202 - Acid-Base Balance, b

Question 1

hyperventilation (too much O2 intake) causes . . .

Answer 1

respiratory alkilosis

Question 2

anxiety, fever, aspirin intoxication, anemia, high altitudes may all cause . . .

Answer 2

respiratory alkilosis

Question 3

low arterial pH, hypoventilation resulting in elevated Pco2, compensatory increase of plasma bicarbonate all symptoms of . . .

Answer 3

respiratory acidosis

Question 4

elevated arterial pH, hyperventilation resulting in lowered Pco2, compensatory decrease of plasma bicarbonate all results of . . .

Answer 4

respiratory alkalosis

Question 5

low arterial pH, reduced plasma bicarbonate, compensatory hyperventilation giving decreased Pco2 all symptoms of . . .

Answer 5

metabolic acidosis (respiratory acidosis same symptoms)

Question 6

gain of metabolic (fixed) acids or loss of bicarbonate cause . . .

Answer 6

metabolic aciosis

Question 7

metabolic acidosis is also called _________ acidosis

Answer 7

nonrespiratory

Question 8

renal disease, diabetes mellitus, chronic alcohol ingestion, circ. shock, heavy exercise, diarrhea all causes of . . .

Answer 8

metabolic acidosis

Question 9

uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, chronic alcohol ingestion cause metabolic acidosis because they cause what . . .

Answer 9

excessive burning of fats

Question 10

anion gap equation

Answer 10

[Na+ + K+] - [Cl- + HCO3-] = anion gap

Question 11

elevated arterial pH, increased plasma bicarbonate, compensatory hypoventilation cueing increased Pco2 all causes of . . .

Answer 11

metabolic alkalosis (also resp alkalosis)

Question 12

ingestion of excessive amounts of sodium bicarbonate (antacids), vomiting acidic gastric juice (losing HCl) both causes . . .

Answer 12

metabolic alkalosis

Question 13

the henderson hasselbach equation for blood plasma

Answer 13

pH = 6.1 + log( HCO3- / 0.03xPco2 )

Question 14

3 actions of kidney to protect the kidney against lethal acidification

Answer 14

bicarbonate reabsorption
bicarbonate generation
excrete H+

Question 15

what is the primary buffer of the body?

Answer 15

bicarbonate ion