2018 MS Mixed Theory- Ai Flashcards
What are all the GIs of Ontario?
Lake Erie North Shore Prince Edward County (northern most) Pelee Island (deregulated) Niagara Peninsula Niagara on the Lake Niagara Enscarpment
What does Taruzake mean on a bottle?
Sake that has been aged in oak
What is SVM or Nihonshudo?
The sake value meter which ranges from sweet in negative numbers to dry in positive numbers.
Name as many Duxiemes crus as possible
There are 15 total: de Myrat- Barsac Daisy-Daene- Barsac Daisy Dubroca-Barsac Doisy Vendrines-Barsac D’Arche- Sauternes Filhot- Sauternes Broustet- Barsa Nairac- Barsac Caillou- Barsac De Malle- Preignac Romer- Fargues Romer de Hayot- Sauternes Lamothe- Sauternes Lamothe-Guignard- Sauternes
What are the wine styles and grapes permitted in St. Peray?
Blanc & Mousseaux
10.5% alcohol
Marsanne/Roussanne
Mousseaux wines are released 12 months after the date of tirage, no minimum lees time.
What are the best Sauternes vintages of the 1990s? Worst?
1990, 1997 were the best
1991-1994 were the worst
Where is Sagemoore Vineyard?
Columbia Valley
What are the wine styles allowed in Graves de Vayres?
Rouge and Blanc Sec.
Where would you find Touchet beds?
Rich Missoula flood deposits in the Columbia Valley
What are the training methods in Châteauneuf?
En Ligne (3,000 vines/hectare) En Carre (2,500 vines/hectare)
What are the communes of Cerons AOP? Wine style?
Wine style sweet white only. Communes are:
Cerons, Illats, Podensac
What is the most important lieu-dit of St. Joseph?
Les Roys is the most important, it is close to the Argentine stream.
What is the southernmost point in South Africa? Which ocean does it touch?
Cape Agulhas which touches the Indian Ocean and also Walker Bay
What are the outstanding Bordeaux vintages for dry wines pre 1970?
1961 1959 1949 1947 1945 1929 1928 1900
Describe the difference of the cotes and the graves in St. Emilion
Cotes- limestone debris on a limestone base. All but 2 great growths are located on the cotes
Graves- gravel, less limestone and clay. Cheval Blanc and Figeac are here on the graves
Sables Anciens- old weathered sand- no gravel on a base of limestone. No first growths here.
What are the AOPs of Entre-Deux-Mers that are permitted to make sweet wine?
Loupiac Cotes de Bordeaux Saint-Macaire Saint-Exupéry-Croix-du-Mont Cadillac Cotes de Bordeaux St. Foy Cotes de Bordeaux Francs Premiers Cotes de Bordeaux
What are the DOPs of Lisboa?
Encostas d’Aire Lourinha Obidos Alenquer Torres Vera’s Bucelas Carcavelos Colares
What is the minimum abv of a Scotch?
40%
Lirac AOP may produce wines of what color from which grapes?
All three colors. Rouge is 90% Grenache. Must blend
When was Leonetti Cellars founded and where?
1974 in Walla Walla
What are the GIs of the Mt. Lofty Ranges?
Adelaide Hills
Adelaide Plans
Clare Valley
What does Genshu mean?
Undiluted sake
What are the subregions of Niagara on the Lake?
Niagara River
Niagara Lakeshore
Four Mile Creek
St. David’s Bench
What are the main grapes and styles of Colares?
Branco and Tinto- Ramisco and Castelao are the most commonly planted grapes
Who makes the bottling John Riddoch and where is this wine from?
Wynn’s Coonawarra Estate made by Sue Hodder. This winery was founded in 1897 but bought by David Wynn in 1951. This bottling is named after the original founder of the winery in 1897. First vintage was 1982
What are the major lieu-dits of Hermitage?
L’Hermite Les Grandes Vignes Varogne Les Vercandieres Les Bessards Les Diognieres Les Beaune Le Meal Les Murets La Croix Peleat Les Recoules Les Greffieux L’Homme Madison Blanche La Pierelle Torres et les Garrennes
What are the wards of Walker Bay?
Walker Bay is within the Cape South Coast region. The wards are: Bot River Hemel-en-Aarde Ridge Hemel-en-Aarde Valley Sunday’s Glen Upper Hemel-en-Aarde Valley Stanford Foothills
What are the districts of Breede River Valley? 3
Breedekloof
Robertson
Worcester
What style of wine is made in Premieres Cotes de Bordeaux AOP?
Blanc liquoreaux
34g/l RS
45hl/ha
What are the wards of the Cape Town district?
Constantia
Durbanville
Hout Bay
Philadelphia
What does genshu mean?
Undiluted sake- No additional water added.
What is the soil type is in Sauternes?
Gravelly and heavy clay
Oban, Glenmorangie, Dalwhinnie, and Dalmore distilleries are where?
Highlands
What year was the classification of St. Emilion? When has it been updated?
1954, it was revised in 1969, 1985, 1996, 2006, 2012
Name the AOPs of Graves that may produce sweet wine?
Graves Superieures
Barsac
Cerons
Sauternes
What is the most up and coming Chinese wine region?
Ningxia in the north bordering inner Mongolia
When was the first Neiderberg Wine Auction?
1975
What is Akazake?
Red sake- using red rice varieties
What is the top grape of Mt. Gambier GI in the Limestone Coast region of South Australia?
Pinot Noir
What does Jizake mean on a bottle of sake?
From a small brewer
What amount of sherry may be drawn off per year?
Two liters must remain for every liter than was drawn off
What is the AOP within Corbieres that was created specifically for red wines?
Corbieres Boutenac in 2005. 70% Grenache, Mourvèdre and Carignan. 2 months bottle age. Manual harvest.
What are the best Sauternes vintages in the 1970s?
1971, 1975, 1976
Which subregions of Vinho Verde are known for red wines?
Amarante and Paiva are both in the south and are more known for reds.
Where is Cabardes AOP and what wine styles do they produce there?
Cabardes is in the Western Languedoc and they are permitted to produce rouge and rose wines.
40% combined Cabernet, Merlot and 40% combined Grenache and Syrah. Mediterranean and Bordeaux varietals here.
Which subregion of Vinho Verde is known for Loureiro only wines?
Lima
When did Dr. Konstantin Frank start Vinifera Cellars?
1962
What are the authorized grapes for red port production?
Aragonez, Bastardo, Castelao, Cornifesto, Donzelinho Tinto, Malvasia Preta, Marufo, Rueter, Tinto Barroca, Touriga National, Trincadeira
What is the classification of Chateau Smith-Haut Lafite, Chateau Pape-Clement and Chateau Couhins?
Chateau Smith-Haut Lafite, Chateau Pape Clement are both classified growths in Graves for red wines. Chateau Couhins is in Graves and is classified for white wine.
What is a Ochoko?
A sake cup
What is the wine style in Cote de Roussillon Villages?
Red only- carbonic wines from 80% Grenache.
Caramany
Latour-de-France
Tautavel
What grain is Tito’s vodka made from?
Corn
What is the second wine of: Chateau Ausone Cheval Blanc Angelus Pavie
Chapel Le d’Ausone
Le Petite Cheval
Carillon d’Angelus
Esprit de Pavie
What is riesling referred to in South Africa?
Crouchon Blanc
What are the 6 zones of South Australia?
Barossa Valley Mt. Lofty Ranges Fleurie Zone Limestone Coast Lower Murray Zone Far North Zone
What are the mountains in the Stellenbosch region?
SStellenbosch
Helderbereg
Simonsberg
What two notable Chateau will not produce a first wine for the 2017 vintage?
Chateau Corbin in St. Emilion and Chateau Fieuzal in Pessac will not produce a first wine.
What are the grapes used in Marsala production??
Grillo, Catarratto, Inzolia, Damaschino for Ambra and oro styles
Perricone, Calabrese, Nerello Mascalese for Rubino Wines
What are the regulations for corn Whiskey?
80% corn
May be un aged or aged in uncharted new barrels
What is the term for a cloudy sake, or sake that is bottled with it’s lees?
Nigori or nogorizake
Name the classification of the following: Chateau Caillou Chateau Coutet Chateau Climens Chateau Broustet
Chateau Caillou- Duxiemes Cru
Chateau Coutet- Premier Cru
Chateau Climens- Premier Cru
Chateau Broustet- Duxiemes Cru
What are the DOs of Alentejo?
Borba Redondo Reguengos Vidigueira Portalegre
What is the minimum alcohol for Condrieu?
11.5%
What style of wine may be produced in Listrac-Moulis?
Rouge only
What wine style is permitted in Luberon AOP?
All three colors. Rose allows up to 20% white varieties. 2 varieties must be in the blend.
What are the top two grapes in Washington state for red and white?
Chardonnay and Riesling
Cabernet and Merlot
What is MOVI?
Founded in 2009 by 12 wineries in Chile to make wine on a smaller scale compared to the massive wineries that dominated the industry. Movimiento de Vinateros Independientes
When was Bouchard founded?
1731
Name some of the lieu-dits of Cornas
Reynard Chaillot La Cote Les Mazards Thezier Le Pigeonnier La Geynale Cayret Sauman Champelrose Lessaveaux-Nord & Sud Les Cotes Patou Jouyet St. Pierre
Which region in South Africa is known as “the Black Land”
Swartland
What is the flavor of Aquavit?
Caraway
What are the best vintages in Sauternes in the 1980s? Worst?
1983, 1985, 1986, 1988, 1989 were the best
1984 was the worst.
Where is Miguel Torre’s Chilean winery?
In Curico
Who makes Col Solare?
This is a collaboration between Antinori and Chateau Ste. Michelle wineries in Washington
Name four wines that are classified for both white and red wines in Graves?
Chateau Bouscat Chateau Carboniuex Domaine de Chevalier Chateau Latour-Martillac Chateau Malartic-Lagraviere Chateau Olivier
Which DOs of Spain does the Douro river run through?
Arribes Zamora Toro Rueda Ribera Del Douro
What are the three ways to flavor liquors?
Maceration
Percolation
Infusion
What are the subregions of Niagara Enscarpment?
Short Hills Bench
Beemsville Bench
Twenty Mile Bench
What is the name of the river closest to the Coteau de Die AOP?
The Drome River
What is the name of Chile’s first winery?
Viña Ochavavia founded by Sylvestre Ochegavia in 1851.
What were the categories of the 2009 Scotch regulations?
Created five categories of Scotch Single Malt Single Grain Blended Malt Blended Grain Blended Scotch
From 2012 on single malts must be bottled in Scotland
In what year was the VQA established in Ontario?
1988
What are Old Tom Gin and Plymouth Gin?
Old Tom Gin is lightly sweetened
Plymouth Gin was revived in 1996. It is fuller in body than London Dry and is the proper gin for the Pink Gin cocktail
What are the rules for a Wine of Origin from South Africa?
Wines must show correct varietal characteristics
Wines undergo scientific analysis
Wines must be 85% of the 75 approved grapes
85% vintage
100% production area- GI, region, district and ward
Single vineyard wines must be less than 6 hectares
Soil type of Entre-deux-Mers
Loamy and some gravel and limestone
What style of wine is produced in Coteau de Die?
Still white from 100% Clairette. 10.5% alcohol, max 6g/l
What are the regions that can add their name to the Cotes de Bordeaux AOP?
Francs, Cadillac, Castillon, Blaye, Sainte Foy
What is the minimum alcohol percentage for vodka in the EU?
37.5%
What are the 9 DOs of Cataluya?
Emporia Pla de Bages Alella Penedes Tarragona Montsant Conca de Barbera Costers del Segre Terra Alta
What percentage of alcohol is the minimum for Bordeaux Superior blanc and rouge?
Blanc is 12%
Rouge is 11%
Regular Bordeaux blanc is 11% and rouge is 10.5%
What are the AOPs of the Northern Rhone that can produce white wines?
Condrieu Chateau Grillet Saint Peray Chatillon-en-Diois Clairette de Die Hermitage Saint Joseph Coteau de Die Cremant de Die
Name as many premier crus of Sauternes as possible- there are 11
La Tour Blanche- Bommes Lafaurie-Peyraguey- Bommes Clos Haut-Peragyeuy- Bommes de Raven-Vigneau- Bommes Suideraut- Preignac Coutet- Barsac Climens- Barsac Guiraud- Sauternes Rabaul Proimis- Bommes Signals-Rabaud- Bommes
What is ruby Cabernet?
In South Africa it is a cross of Carignan and Cabernet. Was made by UC Davis professor.
What is shochu?
Japanese grain spirit
What are the generic Bordeaux AOPS?
Cremant de Bordeaux for Mousseaux rose and blanc, Bordeaux AOP for blanc, rose, rouge, blanc moelleux, and Bordeaux Superieur.
What are the 20 villages of the Cotes-du-Rhone-Village AOP?
Chusclan Gadagne Laudun Massif d’Uchaux Plan de Dieu Puymeras Roaix Rochegude Roussette-les-Vignes Sibley Saint-Gervais Saint-Maurice Saint- Pantaleon Saints-Cecile Seguret Signargues Size-la-Rousse Vaison-la-Romaine Valreas Visan
Excellent vintages in South Australia
1982 1990 1991 1996 2006 2012
What is Moromi?
The fermenting sake mash
What are the major geographic influences of the Franschhoek Valley?
The valley is enclosed by three sides by mountains: Groot Drakenstein, Franschhoek, Klein Drakenstein and Simonsberg
Which subregion of Vinho Verde is known for Alvarinho only wines?
Moncao e Melgaco
What are the GIs of the Fleurie zone of South Australia?
McLaren Vale Southern Fleurie Kangaroo Island Langhorne Creek Currency Creek
What are the St. Emilion satellites?
St. Georges - least exciting
Montagne- largest
Lussac- northernmost
Puisseguin-
Where would you find the Isle and Barbanne rivers?
Pomerol. The Dordogne river also runs through here.
What are the permitted grapes and aging requirements for Cremant de Die?
Vin Mousseaux Blanc
Clairette plus muscat and Aligote. No more than 10% muscat allowed. Manual harvesting. 9 months on the lees, released after 12 months.
When was apartide repealed in South Africa?
1994
What are the districts of Olifants River?
Lutzville Valley
Citrusdale Valley
Citrusdale Mountain
How many first growths or premiers crus are there in Sauternes?
11
Why are the islands in Scotland that can produce Scotch?
Skye, Jura, Mull, Arran, Orkney
When was Constantia founded?
1685
Define nigori
Nigori is unfiltered sake
What are the districts of the Cape South Coast region? 6
Cape Agulhas Elgin Overberg Plettenberg Bay Swelledam Walker Bay
Name three classified Chateau in Haut-Medoc
La Lagune La Tour Carnet Belgrave Camensac Cantemerle Sociando-Mallet
What are the regions of the Niagara Peninsula?
Vinemount Ridge
Creek shores
Lincoln Lakeshores
What are the communes of Châteauneuf-du-Pape?
Châteauneuf-du-Pape Bedarrides Orange Courthezon Sorgues
In which AOPs would you find the subregion of “Haut-Benange”
In Entre-Deux-Mers as well as in the basic Bordeaux AOP
Where in South Africa is the largest producing area with the most vineyard land?
Worcester within the Beede River Valley
What are the 2 districts of Klein Karoo? What style of wine is most common in this region?
Calitzdorp
Langenberg-Garcia
Sweet wines and port style wines and brandies are most common here.
What wine style is permitted in Ventoux AOP?
Red, white and rose. All wines must be a blend of at least two grapes.
What are the subzones of Ribeira Sacra?
Amandi Chantada Quiroga Bibei Riberas do Mino Riberas do Sil
In what year was the VQA established in British Columbia?
1990
What is zenkoji?
Sake made from 100% koji and no steamed rice in the production process.
What style of wine is permitted in Bourg/Cotes de Bourg?
Blanc and Rouge. Blanc is Sauvignon Blanc, SG, Semillon, Muscadelle, Colombard, and Rouge is Cab, Cab Franc, Cot and Merlot
Which winery was the first to plant Chardonnay in Canada?
Bright’s Wines
What is the major soil type found in Condrieu?
Arzelles soils which is decomposed granite.
What are the aging requirements for Cava?
9/15/30/36 months
Riserva
Gran Riserva
Cava de Paraje
What are the most recently upgraded villages of Cote du Rhone?
Carianne 2016
Duche d’Uzes
Vinsobres 2006
Who was responsible for making the first Cava and when?
Josep Raventos in 1872
In what year did Chateau d’Yquem sell to LVMH?
1999
What are the Premiers Crus that are not located in Bommes?
Chateau Suideraut is located in Priegnac
Chateau Climens and Coutet are in Barsac
Chateau Rieussec is in Fargues
What are the three regions that make up the Boberg region?
Paarl
Franschhoek Valley
Wellington
Tulbagh
All can produce fortified wines under the Boberg name
What are the rules for a Single Vineyard wine from South Africa?
Must be contiguous. Must be less than 6 hectares in size.
Wine style permitted in Graves AOP?
Rouge and Blanc sec. Merlot blanc and columbard are not permitted but all other Bordeaux varietals are used here.
What style of wine is permitted in Haut-Medoc and Medoc?
Both are rouge only. 11% alcohol, 3g/l, 55hl/ha
Where is Line Kiln AVA?
Central Coast AVA in San Benito County
What is a Tokkuri?
Sake flask
Describe the difference in soil types of Cote Blonde and Cote Brune?
Cote Blonde is Gneiss
Cote Brune is mica and schist
What was the most successful vintage of the 1970s?
1970
What is the northern most AOP in the Southern Rhone?
Grignan-les-Adhemar is the northernmost and may produce wine in all three colors.
Second wines of: Chateau Leoville-Barton Chateau Talbot Chateau Langoa-Barton Chateau Branair-Ducru
Reserve Leoville-Barton
Connetable de Talbot
Chateau Lady Langoa
Chateau Duluc
What are the districts of the Western Cape region?
Olifants River Cape South Coast Region Breede River Valley Coastal Region Klein Karoo
What white grapes are permitted in port production?
Semillon, Arinto, Cercial, Gouveio, Malvasia Fina, Moscatel Gallegos Branco, Rabbigato, Sercial, Verdelho, Voisino, Vital, Sitia, Folgazao
What are the GIs of the Limestone Coast?
Coonwara Mount Benson Robe Mt. Gambier Padthaway Wratonbully
Where would you find the wineries Pewsey Vale, Henscke, Yalumba, and Montadam wineries?
In Eden Valley in South Australia
In what year was the South African Wine of Origin program instituted?
1973
Name the second wine for the following:
Cos d’Estournel
Chateau Montrose
Chateau Lafon-Rochet
Les Pagodes de Cos
La Dame du Montrose
Les Pelerines de Lafon-Rocket
Describe the wine style in Chatillon-en-Dois?
Blanc, Rose, Rouge
This is south of St. Peray next to Coteau de Die
Blanc: Chardonnay and Aligote
Rouge and Rose are 60% Gamay plus Pinot and Syrah
50hl/ha
Walker Bay is most known for which varietals?
Chardonnay and Pinot Noir
What is the IPW scheme in South Africa?
Integrated Production of Wine Scheme is a voluntary certification to comply with environmental standards. By 2011 85% of all South African wine was certified.
What are the rules for Clairette de Die AOP?
Styles permitted are Mousseaux & Methode Dioise Ancestrale
Mousseaux: Clairette, 3.5 atmospheres, 9 months on the lees and 15g/k
Methode Dioise: 75% Muscat, 35g/l 4 months on the lees and 3 atmospheres
In which region/district is the KWV Brandy Cellar located?
In Worcester within the Breede River Valley
What year was the Whiskey Rebellion?
1794
Collioure AOP overlaps which other region in Roussillon?
Banyuls- it is the AOP for still reds, whites and roses.
What are the 5 VQA areas of British Columbia?
British Columbia GI Fraser Valley GI Gulf Islands Okanagan GI Similkameen GI Vancouver Island GI
In what region is Iniskillin?
Niagara on the lake
When was Cape Town founded? By whom?
Founded in 1655 by Jan Van Riebeck
What is the wine style permitted in Sainte-Croix-du-Mont AOP?
Blanc liquoreaux 45g/l
Muscadelle, SB, SG, Semillon
Where would you find St. Helena Bay?
Off the coast of Olifants River in the Western Cape
Who owns Almaviva?
Concha y Toro and Baron Phillips Rothschild in 1997
What is Bouchet?
Merlot in St. Emilion in known as bouchet.
What is the sole GI of the Far North Zone of South Australia?
Southern Flinders Ranges
What are the subregions of Vinho Verde?
Vinho Verde became a DO in 1999. The subregions are: Moncao e Melgaco Lima Cavado Basto Ave Amarante Sousa Baiao Paiva
Who distilled the first whiskey in TN?
Rev. Elijah Craig in 1789
Wine style and grapes permitted for Blaye AOP?
Rouge only. Min 50% combined Cabernet, Cab Franc, Merlot. 12% alcohol and 3g/l RS.
What are the regulations for Tennessee whiskey?
Filtered with maple charcoal
Manufactured in TN
51% corn
Aged in 1 time used charred oak barrels
What are the original 6 villages of St. Joseph?
Glun Mauves Tournon St. Jean-de-Muzois Lemes Voin
What is the name for an AOP which is 100% clairette in the southern Rhone?
Clairette de Bellegard within the Costieres de Nimes AOP
What style of wine may be produced in Graves Superieures AOP?
Sweet white from Semillon, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris, Muscadelle. 34 g/l RS, Botrytis and harvested in tries.
Second wines of the following:
Chateau Trotanoy
Chateau La Conseillante
Chateau Lafleur
Esperanza de Trotanoy
Duo de Conseillante
Pensees de Lafleur
What are the communes of Hermitage?
Tain-l’Hermitage
Crozes-Hermitage Hermitage
Larnage
Name the second wines for the following:
Haut Brion
Chateau Duhart-Milon-Rothschild
Chateau Pedesclaux
Le Clarence du Haut Brion
Moulin de Duhart
Fleurieu de Pedesclaux
If a wine says “Hors d’Age”on the label from Rivasaltes, Banyuls or Rousillon when can it be released?
5th year after harvest
Define a genever
A sweeter style of gin that has less alcohol that a London Dry gin. Flavor of malt and juniper. References the first gin made in Holland in the 16th century by Dr. Sylvius De Bouvve
Traditionally was made with 15% “malt wine” a distillate of corn, rye and wheat
What are the most successful vintages on the right bank since 2000?
2016, 2016, 2010, 2009, 2005
What is the soil type in Swartland?
Malmsebury Shale
What do the terms “Amakuchi, and karakuchi” mean on a bottle of sake?
Amakuchi means sweet
Karakuchi means dry
Where is Darnibole PDO?
In Cornwall England. Is 100% bachus
What are the PDOs for the United Kingdom?
English Wine PDO
Darnibole PDO
Welsh Wine PDO
What are poios?
Terraces on Madeira
What are latadas?
Low trellises on Madeira
What are levadas?
Canals that drain the water on the hills in Madeira
Who regulates the Madeira wine industry?
IVBAM- The Wine, Embroidery and Handicraft Institute of Madeira
What does Seleccionado mean on a bottle of Madeira?
This is a blended wine that is 3 years old minimum, made in an Estufagem and probably from Tinta Negra grape
What does Reserve indicate on a bottle of Madeira?
That the wine is 5 years old or older, but below 10 years. Made in the Cateiro method.
What does “Special Reserve” indicated on a bottle of Madeira?
The wine is from a single Noble grape variety and made in the canteiro method, between 10-15 years old.
What are the crus of Cannubi?
Cannubi Cannubi Valletta Cannubi Boschis Cannubi Moscatel Cannubi San Lorenzo
When did Jerez become an appellation?
In 1933 with the establishment of the Consejo Regulador
The Guadalquivir River and the Guadalete River are found where?
In Jerez
Name some Pagos in Jerez
Macharnudo, Anina, Carrascal
Anina, Carrascal and Macharduno are all Pagos where?
Jerez
What is the press yield of Jerez?
72.5 liters per 100kg of grapes (to compare Franciacorta and Champagne are 70liters to 100kg of grapes)
What is mosto prensa?
Poor quality pressing at the end that is used for distilling
What are the two winds that blow through Jerez?
The Poniente from the Atlantic and the Levant from the east.
What does “Ledeno” mean on a bottle of Slovenian wine?
This is their term for icewine
Where would you find the Tagus River?
In Portugal- flows west from the Spanish border to Lisboa.
Where is Arruda?
It is in Portugal on the Peninsula de Setubal
What is the coolest and wettest part of Alentejo?
Portalegre- land rises to 1,000 meters, granite and schist.
Where would you find the regions of Borba, Redondo and Reguengos?
In Alentejo in Southern Portugal
Where are these villages located?
Marienthal
Martinsthal?
The Ahr
Rhiengau
What grapes are used in ausbruch?
Chardonnay, Welschriesling, Pinot Blanc, Traminer. Grapes are affected by Noble rot
Describe the 2016 vintage in Germany
Challenging, Wines are lean and elegant
Describe the 2016 vintage in Chile
El Niño year- 25% reduction in yield
How was the 204 vintage in Chile?
Frost- 70% loss but good quality
Best recent vintages in Chile?
2014, 2012, 2009, 2005
What does the term “reserva” indicate in Portugal?
1/2 percentage higher of alcohol
What was the treaty of Windsor and in which year did this happen?
1386, trade agreement between England and Portugal.
What are the top two planted grapes of Portugal? Red and white?
Fernao Pires
Castelao
What is the soil type of Bairrada?
Lime rich clay
What is the highest designation for a wine from Portugal?
Garrafeira
Reds: 30 months aging with 6 in bottle
Whites: 12 months with 6 in bottle
How long would a Garrafeira Port be aged?
3 years in a barrel and 8 years in glass
What does Colheita Seleccionada indicate on a bottle of wine from Portugal?
1% higher alcohol than established by the DOP
What are the mountains in the Douro region? What do they do?
Marao and Montemuro mountains. They protect the Douro from the Atlantic winds and create a continental climate
What we the mountains in the Dao region?
The Serra da Estrella mountains are the highest in the country
What are the main grapes of the Dao region?
Encruzado, Bical, Cercial, Semillon
Touriga, Jean, Rufete, Argonez, Tonga Cao, Bastardo
What is a Colheita Tawny?
Vintage dated port that spends 7 years in cask minimum
If a port is labeled “envelhicidio em garrafa” how long has it been aged?
This is a term that means “bottle-matured.” May be applied to a vintage or late bottled vintage wine that has been aged an additional three years in the bottle on top of the regular requirements.
What does “reserve” indicate on a bottle of Madeira?
The wine is five years of age but younger than 10
What does “special reserve” indicate on a bottle of Madeira?
Wine is 10 years old but younger than 15 and has been made in the Canteiro method
What does “extra reserve” indicate on a bottle of Madeira?
Wine is 15 years or older but below 20
What does garrafeira indicate on a bottle of wine from Dao?
An extra half percentage of alcohol. 11.5 instead of 11%
In Doa, the terms. “Nobre, nobre reserva and Nobre Garrafeira” all indicate what?
These are aging terms for the Wines nobre white: 1 year
Nobre red: 3 years
Nobre reserva white: 1 year
Reds: 42 months
Nobre garrafeira white: 18 months/9 bottle
Red: 48 months/18 bottle
Soil for Muscadet sevre et Maine
Clay, gravel, sand, schist, gneiss, volcanic
Best Mendoza vintages recently
2017 2013 2012 2009 2006
Worst recent Mendoza vintages
2016 2015 2011 2010 2007
Which larger region is Coteau de l’Ambance within?
The Coteau du Layon in Anjou
What are the two premier cru vineyards of Savennieres?
Coulee De Serrant and Roche-Aux-Moines
A white wine from Coteau d’Ancenis would be which grape?
100% Pinot gris. This region is within the Payes Nantes region
Communes of Barbaresco
San Rocco Senidelvio
Treiso
Barbaresco
Nieve
Where is Soave DOC located?
Veneto
What are the subzones of Soave?
Colli Scaligeri
Classico
