20. Social Influence And Social Change AO1

Question 1

What is the anagram to remember conditions necessary for social change?

Answer 1

Dogs chase cats and sharks

Question 2

What are the five conditions necessary for social change?

Answer 2

Drawing attention
Conflict 
Consistency
Augmentation principle 
Snowball effect

Question 3

What is the first condition necessary for social change?

Answer 3

Drawing attention to the issue

Question 4

Explain drawing attention to the issue

Answer 4

minority get people talking/to take notice e.g. through public protests

Question 5

What is the second condition necessary for social change?

Answer 5

The role of conflict

Question 6

Explain the role of conflict

Answer 6

majority are forced to consider Minority views despite never doing so before

Question 7

What is the third condition necessary for social change?

Answer 7

Consistency

Question 8

Explain consistency

Answer 8

important that minority maintain a position in order to be taken seriously

Question 9

What is the fourth condition necessary for social change?

Answer 9

The augmentation principle

Question 9

Explain the augmentation principle

Answer 9

Minority must be willing to take risks/sacrifice to ensure they are taken seriously

Question 10

What is the fifth condition necessary for social change?

Answer 10

The snowball effect -

Question 11

What makes social change more likely?

Answer 11

Dissenters

Question 12

Explain the snowball effect

Answer 12

A minority opinion gradually becomes the majority opinion, once people start to be convinced others will be encouraged to follow

Question 13

Explain majority influence & NSI and how they apply to social change

Answer 13

Environmental and health campaigns exploit conformity by appealing to NSI - provide info about what others are doing - e.g. Reducing litter by printing normative messages on bins - ‘bin it! Others do!’ - social change encouraged by drawing attention to majorities behaviour

Question 14

Explain Milgram’s obedience research and how it applies to social change

Answer 14

Disobedient models in variation where confederate refused to give shocks - rate of obedience in genuine participants plummeted

Question 15

Explain Zimbardo’s obedience research and how it applies to social change

Answer 15

Once a small instruction is obeyed - becomes more difficult to resist bigger Ines - people drift into new kind of behaviour

Question 16

Explain Asch’s conformity research and how it applies to social change

Answer 16

Variation where one confederate always gave correct answer - broke the power of the majority - encouraged others to dissent - demonstrates potential for social change

Question 17

What is ‘drift’?

Answer 17

Gradual commitment