11. Obedience: Situational Variables AO3

Question 1

Name two strengths of Milgram’s research

Answer 1

• has been replicated in other cultures

- has control of variables

Question 2

Outline research that has replicated Milgram’s study in other cultures

Answer 2

Miranda et al - found over 90% obedience in Spanish children - Milgram’s study not limited to American males

Question 3

Outline in brief an issue with the supporting replications of Milgram’s study

Answer 3

Most replications have been in western societies - not that culturally different from USA - premature to conclude Milgram’s findings apply everywhere

Question 4

Outline Milgram’s control over variables

Answer 4

• He systematically altered one variable at a time - others were kept consistent as study was replicated - over 1000 participants

Question 5

Explain how Milgram’s control over variables is a strength

Answer 5

Gives more certainty that changes in obedience were caused by manipulated variable - showing cause and effect

Question 6

Name a limitation of Milgram’s research

Answer 6

Conclusions provide and obedience alibi

Question 7

Explain what is meant by an obedience alibi

Answer 7

His findings are an excuse for obedience - suggest it’s the situation not person that’s responsible

Question 8

What may be the issue with excusing obedience

Answer 8

Claims it’s offensive to holocaust survivors - suggesting nazis obeyed orders and were victims of situational factors beyond their control

Question 9

Therefore what is the main issue with the obedience alibi idea

Answer 9

His situational perspective is dangerous - ignores roles of discrimination, racism & prejudice in holocaust