20: Anxiolytic and Hypnotic Drugs

Question 1

Social anxiety disorder

Answer 1

fear of being with and interacting with other people

Question 2

Phobias

Answer 2

strong fears of specific objects or situations

Question 3

Panic disorder

Answer 3

sudden attacks of overwhelming fear that occur with somatic symptoms

Question 4

PTSD

Answer 4

anxiety triggered by recall of past stressful events

Question 5

OCD

Answer 5

compulsive ritualistic behaviour driven by irrational anxiety

Question 6

what is used for acute anxiety, emergencies, and aggression

Answer 6

BZ

Question 7

-pam or -lam are

Answer 7

BZ

Question 8

GABA alpha 1 is for

Answer 8

sleep

Question 9

GABA alpha 2 is for

Answer 9

anxiety

Question 10

GABA alpha 5 is for

Answer 10

anterograde amnesia

Question 11

are BZ overdose by themselves lethal

Answer 11

no- must be combined with alcohol for lethal resp depression

Question 12

what is the BZ antagonist used in overdose

Answer 12

flumazenil

Question 13

Postsynaptic 5HT1A is found

Answer 13

in pts of brain with emotional behaviour (limbic system)

Question 14

Presynaptic 5HT1A autoreceptors are

Answer 14

inhibitory = decreases own release of 5HT

Question 15

mechanism of buspirion with 5HT1a autoreceptors

Answer 15

activation and desensitization of 5HT1A autoreceptors = initial decrease in release with activation, then as there is desensitization, 5HT release increases

Question 16

how long for buspirone to work

Answer 16

days to weeks

Question 17

what are the most common antidepressants for anxiety

Answer 17

SSRIs

Question 18

what are beta blockers used for

Answer 18

panic disorders- anxiety with somatic symptoms

Reduces tachycardia, tremor, sweating

Question 19

3 hypnotics

Answer 19

1. BZ and BZ like drugs
2. sedating antihistamines
3. melatonin and melatonin receptor agonists

Question 20

what are zolpidem, zopiclone, zaleplon

Answer 20

BZ like drugs

Question 21

how do sedating antihistamines work

Answer 21

antiACh effects by blocking M1 receptors

Question 22

melatonin receptors

Answer 22

MT1 and MT2

Question 23

MT1 effects

Answer 23

inhibits neuronal firing in SCN

Question 24

MT2 effects

Answer 24

phase shift circadian rhythm produced by SCN

Question 25

what would you give someone in a severe anxiety attack in the emergency room

Answer 25

benzos

Question 26

a patient has taken atorvolam and alcohol, what should you give them

Answer 26

flumazenil