20: Anxiolytic and Hypnotic Drugs Flashcards
Social anxiety disorder
fear of being with and interacting with other people
Phobias
strong fears of specific objects or situations
Panic disorder
sudden attacks of overwhelming fear that occur with somatic symptoms
PTSD
anxiety triggered by recall of past stressful events
OCD
compulsive ritualistic behaviour driven by irrational anxiety
what is used for acute anxiety, emergencies, and aggression
BZ
-pam or -lam are
BZ
GABA alpha 1 is for
sleep
GABA alpha 2 is for
anxiety
GABA alpha 5 is for
anterograde amnesia
are BZ overdose by themselves lethal
no- must be combined with alcohol for lethal resp depression
what is the BZ antagonist used in overdose
flumazenil
Postsynaptic 5HT1A is found
in pts of brain with emotional behaviour (limbic system)
Presynaptic 5HT1A autoreceptors are
inhibitory = decreases own release of 5HT
mechanism of buspirion with 5HT1a autoreceptors
activation and desensitization of 5HT1A autoreceptors = initial decrease in release with activation, then as there is desensitization, 5HT release increases
how long for buspirone to work
days to weeks
what are the most common antidepressants for anxiety
SSRIs
what are beta blockers used for
panic disorders- anxiety with somatic symptoms
Reduces tachycardia, tremor, sweating
3 hypnotics
- BZ and BZ like drugs
- sedating antihistamines
- melatonin and melatonin receptor agonists
what are zolpidem, zopiclone, zaleplon
BZ like drugs
how do sedating antihistamines work
antiACh effects by blocking M1 receptors
melatonin receptors
MT1 and MT2
MT1 effects
inhibits neuronal firing in SCN
MT2 effects
phase shift circadian rhythm produced by SCN
