12: Eicosanoids and cannabinoids Flashcards by Linda Chen

are eicosanoids stored in cells

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what are eicosanoids derived from

arachidonic acid or similar polyunsaturated acids 20C in length

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what are eicosanoids used for

inflammation + control physiological processes

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first ecosanoids identified

prostaglandins

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important eicosanoids

prostanoids: prostaglandins and thromboxanes
leurotrienes
EETs

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arachidonate produces

HPETEs + leukotrienes
prostanoids
EETs

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which COX is inducible

COX2

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what produces PGI2

PGI2 = prostacyclin

prostacyclin synthase in endothelium

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what are the effects of PGI2

inhibits platelet aggregation

vasodilator

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what prduces TXA2

thromboxane synthase

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what are the effects of TXA2

promotes platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction

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what is the main inflammatory mediatory prostaglanding

PGE2

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receptor for PGD2

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receptor for PGE2

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receptor for PGF2alpha

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receptor for PGI2

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receptor for TXA2

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which prostanoid inhibits gastric acid secretion and increases GI mucous secretion

PGE2

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what causes cervical ripening

PGE2

what causes uterine contractions

PGFalphha

what simulates platelet aggregation

TXA2

leukotrienes are made by

WBCs such as macrophages, eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells

what are leukotrienes synthesized from

arachidonate with lipooxygenase

2 receptor types for leukotrienes

BLT- LBT4 ligand

CysLT- cysteinyl leukotriene ligand

the proinflammatory LTB4 stimulates

neutrophil chemotaxis | proliferation and cytokine production by macrophages and lymphocytes

cysteinyl leukotrienes reuslt in

contraction in bronchial muscle | vasodilation in most vessels + coronary constriction

safirlukast and montelukast are used for

asthma | CystLT receptor antagonists

main psychoactive component of cannabinoids

THC

what has psychomimetic and depressant effects on the CNS

THC

CNS effects of cannabinoids

``` impaired STM, simple learning tasks, and motor coordination increased appetite antiemetic catalepsy analgesia ```

peripheral effects of cannabinol

vasodilation (esp in eyes) decreased IOP bronchodilation

CB receptors are

GPCR

what are CB receptors linked to

G1/0

G1/0 results in

inhibiting AC inhibit voltage gated Ca2+ channels cause hyperpolarization by rectifying K+ channels

where are CB1 receptors found

brain (mostly) | also endothelial cells, adipocytes, and peripheral nerves

where are CB2 found

immune cells

endocannabioids are synthesized from

membrane phospholipids

2 best characterized endocannabinoids

anandamide | 2-arachidonyl glycerol

endocannabinoids are ___ mediators

retrograde

nabiximols

combination of THC and CBD | for pain

nabilone

synthetic cannabnoid | for nausea and vomitting associated with chemo

alprostadil, misoprostol, gemeprost/ misoprostol, and dinoprostone/ misoprostone are

PGE2 agonsts

pyrogenic means

fever inducing

alprostadil

PGE2 agonist that vasodilates

gemeprost/ misoprostol and dinoprostone and misoprostol are used for

uterine contraction/ labour induction | PGE2 agonists

what is the analogue of prostacyclin

epoprostenol

carboprost and latanoprost are

PGF2alpha agonists