2 Ribosomes

Question 1

Function

Answer 1

The job is to make new proteins, it does this by moving along a strand of RNA and building a protein based on the codes it reads.
Repairs damages or directs chemical process.

Question 2

Structure

Answer 2

The ribosomes float free in the cytosol or can be attached to the endoplasmic reticulum

Question 3

Found

Answer 3

Eukaryotic

Prokaryotic

Question 4

Ribosomes have 2 major components/ Forms:

Answer 4

The small subunit

The large subunit

Question 5

define The small subunit

Answer 5

Which the job is to read the RNA.

Question 6

define The large subunit

Answer 6

The job is to join amino acids to form a polypeptide chain.

Question 7

each subunit

Answer 7

Each subunit is composed of one or more ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules and a variety of ribosomal proteins.
Both subunits combine to carry out their functions together

Question 8

Number of ribosomes

Answer 8

Cells have many ribosomes, and the exact number depends on how active a particular cell is in the synthesizing proteins process.

Question 9

Ribosomes role in Protein Synthesis

Answer 9

The small unit is in charge of decoding the genetic information
The large unit is in charge of catalytic activity in the peptide bond formation
Synthesis is a complex process requiring the coordinated output from dozens of genes encoding ribosomal proteins

Question 10

Differences between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells in protein synthesis

Answer 10

Prokaryotes: The small subunit contains one RNA molecule and about twenty different proteins, while the large subunit contains two different RNA and about thirty different proteins.
Eukaryotes: The small subunit contains two different RNAs and about thirty proteins, while the large subunit is formed from three RNAs and about 50 proteins.

Question 11

Ribosomes Transcription

Answer 11

Transcription is the first step in decoding a cell’s genetic information. When in transcription, enzymes called RNA polymerases build RNA molecules that are complementary to a portion of one strand of the DNA double helix

Question 12

Ribosomes Transcription

classes

Answer 12

mRNA
tRNA
rRNA

Question 13

mRNA

Answer 13

molecules carry the coding sequences for protein synthesis and are called transcripts.

Question 14

tRNA

Answer 14

molecules carry amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis

Question 15

rRNA

Answer 15

molecules form the core of a cell’s ribosomes (the structures in which protein synthesis takes place)

Question 16

Ribosomes Translation

Answer 16

Translation results in new proteins

Question 17

Translation process

Answer 17

• Once transcription of DNA to mRNA is complete, the translation or the reading of these mRNAs to make protein begins.
• mRNA dictates the order in which amino acids should be added to a growing protein as it is synthesized. In fact, every amino acid is represented by a three nucleotide sequence or codon along the mRNA molecule.
• Lastly, UAA is a signal to stop translating a protein, called the stop codon