2: How do cells do what they do? Flashcards
Define adipose tissue.
Fatty tissue, containing adipocytes (or fat cells)
Define intracellular.
Space or fluid inside of a cell, within the cell membrane
Define extracellular.
Space or fluid outside of the cell, outside of the cell membrane
Define cytoplasm.
The area and contents of the cell located within the cell membrane, but outside the nucleus
Define an organelle.
A small specialised intracellular unit with a specific individual function
Define a nucleus.
An organelle containing the cell’s DNA (or genetic material)
Define an endoplasmic reticulum.
A membranous organelle, it’s called rough if ribosomes are present, or smooth if ribosomes are absent
Define an epithelial cell.
A group of epithelial cells is referred to as an epithelium. Epithelium is one of the primary tissue often found lining ducts and tubes, and the entire outside of the body.
What does it mean when cells are stratified?
When the epithelial cells are comprised more than one layer
What does squamous mean in cells?
When epithelial cells are in flattened oval shape, with flattened nucleus
What does cuboidal means in cells?
When epithelial cells are in square shape, often with a round nucleus
What does columnar means in cells?
When epithelial cells are in tall rectangular shape, often with oval shape nucleus
What does transitional means in cell form?
They allow stretching depending the needs, they’re found in the urinary system
What does photomicrograph means?
It’s a photo taken through a microscope, in order to visualise very small cells or tissues at a high magnification.
What are microvilli, what are their function?
Small finger-like extensions off the epithelial cell membrane. Acts to increase surface area.
