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Compiled PPS board reviewer > 2 cardiology > Flashcards

2 cardiology Flashcards

1
Q

Functional closure of Foramen ovale

A

3mos

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2
Q

Functional closure of ductus arteriosus

A

10-15 HOL

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3
Q

MC cardiac malformation

A

VSD

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4
Q

Gooseneck deformity in 2d echo

A

Endocardial cushion defect

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5
Q

CI to closure of VSD

A

Severe pulmo vascular dse

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6
Q

Physiologic closure of PDA

A

10-15hrs

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7
Q

Anatomic closure of PDA

A

2-3wks

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8
Q

MC form of ASD

A

ostium secundum

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9
Q

MC lesions resulting in increase pressure load

A

valvular PS
Aortic Stenosis
Coarctation of the aorta

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10
Q

anomalous venous drain to IVC with pulmo sequestration & anomalous arterial supply

A

Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return

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11
Q

MC cardiac malformation

A

VSD

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12
Q

MC type of VSD

A

membranous type

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13
Q

loud, harsh or blowing holosystolic murmur @ lower left sternal border with a thrill

A

VSD

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14
Q

grade 2-3 systolic ejection murmur (left mid & upper sternal border)

A

ASD

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15
Q

criteria for surgical closure of VSD

A
  • any age w/ LARGE defect, uncontrolled by meds
  • 6-12 mos old w/ large defect & pulmo hypertension
  • > 24 mos old w/ Qp:Qs >2:1
  • supracristal VSD
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16
Q

effects of large PDA

A
  • inc risk for pulmo vascular dse
  • wide pulse pressure
  • heart failure & growth retardation
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17
Q

continuous machinery murmur @ left infraclavicular area with bounding peripheral pulse

A

PDA

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18
Q

reason for surgical or catheter closure in PDA

A

small PDA: prevent bacterial enderitis

large PDA: treat heart failure, prevent pulmo vasuclar dse

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19
Q

left to right shunt lesions (Acyanotic)

A 
ASD
PAPVR
VSD
PDA
ECD
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20
Q

obstructive lesion (acyanotic)

A

AS
CoA
PS
MR

21
Q

MC heart lesion in Noonan Syndrome

A

PVS

22
Q

treatment of PVS

A

balloon valvuloplasty

23
Q

heart lesion assoc w/ Turner syndrome

A

CoA

24
Q

left sided lesion that occur together
(supravalvular mitral membrane, parachute mitral valve, muscular or membranous subvalvular aortic stenosis and coarctation of aorta)

A

Shone Complex

25
Q

notching of the inferior border of the ribs

A

CoA

26
Q

bounding pulse of the arms and carotid vessels

A

CoA

27
Q

narrow pulse pressure
Paradoxical S2 split
murmur radiates from neck to apex

A

AS

28
Q

Symptomatic CoA

A 
HF/ shock
acidosis
weak thready pulse
(-) murmur 50%
RVH
pulmo edema - cardiomegaly
29
Q

Asymptomatic CoA

A 
normal G&D
dec or (-) pulse in legs 
systolic thrill
LVH
normal or sl. cardiomegaly
3 sign or rib notching
30
Q

associated syndromes of MVP

A 
Marfan syndrome
straight back syndrome
pectus excavatum
scoliosis
Ehler Danlos
31
Q

components of TOF

A

RVH
VSD
overriding aorta
PS

32
Q

Coeur en sabot

A

TOF

33
Q

complications of TOF

A

central thromboses > brain abscess

associated with CATCH 22

34
Q

tx for TOF

A

blalock taussig shunt

35
Q

snowman appearance

A

TAPVR

36
Q

egg shaped heart

A

TGA

37
Q

TOC for TGA

A

Jatene arterial switch

38
Q

arterial switch in TGA for older children

A

Mustard or Senning

39
Q

MC pathogen for IE

A

viridans type streptococcus and s.aureus

40
Q

2 important factors for pathogenesis of IE

A
  • presence of turbulent flow d/t structural heart dse

- bacteremia

41
Q

tender, pea sized, intradermal nodule in pads of fingers and toes

A

Osler nodes

42
Q

painless small erythematous or hemorrhagic lesion on the palms & soles

A

janeway lesion

43
Q

linear lesion beneath nails

A

splinter hemorrhage

44
Q

Duke Criteria

A 
2M or Mmmm or 5M
M: (+) BCS at least 2 (+) endocarditis in 2Decho
m: predisposing factor
fever
embolic vascular signs
immune complex phenomena
single BCS
2D echo not meeting the criteria
45
Q

triad of myocarditis

A

cardiomegaly
CHF
(-) murmur

46
Q

MC manifestation of Myocarditis

A

HF
arrhythmia
sudden death

47
Q

1st symptom of pericarditis

A

precordial pain

48
Q

triad of pericarditis

A

chest pain
friction rub
ST elevation

Compiled PPS board reviewer (60 decks)

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