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[OS 213] CVS Module > [2] Cardinal Symptoms of Heart Disease > Flashcards

[2] Cardinal Symptoms of Heart Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Attributes of Pain

A 
O: Other Associated Symptoms
P: Provocative/Palliative
Q: Quality
R: Radiation/Region
S: Severity
T: Time
(Onset, Duration, Frequency)
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2
Q

[Classic Angina vs. Atypical vs. MVP]

Provocative

A

C: During Effort
A: Spontaneous
M: Spontaneous

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3
Q

[Classic Angina vs. Atypical vs. MVP]

Palliative

A

C: Rest/Nitrates
A: Nitrates
M: Spontaneous

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4
Q

[Classic Angina vs. Atypical vs. MVP]

Quality

A

C: Variable
A: Variable
M: Variable

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5
Q

[Classic Angina vs. Atypical vs. MVP]

Radiation

A

C: Retrosternal
A: Retrosternal
M: Left Anterior

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6
Q

[Classic Angina vs. Atypical vs. MVP]

Severity

A

C: Mild
A: Mild
M: Mild-Severe

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7
Q

[Classic Angina vs. Atypical vs. MVP]

Timing

A

C: 1-30 Minutes
A: 1-30 Minutes
M: Minutes - Hours

Recent data shows that Angina attacks should last less than 15-20 minutes

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8
Q

[Classic Angina vs. Atypical vs. MVP]

Other Factors

A

C: Risk Factors
A: Also w/ CSAP
M: Young Female

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9
Q

When does Variant Angina? or Vasospastic Angina occur?

What is typical of it?

A

Occurs at Rest
ST Segment Elevation

(Typical myocardial problems cause ST Segment Depression)

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10
Q

What can usually cause Atypical Angina?

A

Coldness

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11
Q

Diagnose: Patient is a 40F with chest pain on exertion, usually after washing clothes

A

Upper Extremity Effort

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12
Q

Diagnose: The pain usually occurs during exertion but sometimes at rest or after fatty meals. It is relieved by nitrates or rest, or sometimes by belching…

A

Multiple Etiologies

Biliary, GERD, Atypical Angina

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13
Q

How do you differentiate Cardiac and Pulmonary Dyspnea?

A

Cough: Late symptom in Cardiac
Orthopnea: Late symptom in Cardiac
PND: Relieved by standing in Cardiac, Expectorates in Pulmonary

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14
Q

Define: Trepopnea

A

Difficulty of breathing on one side or another

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15
Q

Define: Platypnea

A

Dyspnea when upright

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16
Q

How can you alleviate symptoms of Trepopnea?

A

Lie on the side of the unaffected lung

17
Q

Diagnose: “Doc, madali po akong mapagod..”

A

(Easy Fatigue vs. Exertional Dyspnea)

18
Q

Define: Heart Palpitations

A

Being aware of your heartbeat

19
Q

Diagnose: 74F Bilateral Ankle Swelling for the past month, she can hardly walk

A

Ankle Arthritis

Edemas are not painful

20
Q

What concentration cause cyanosis?

Normal
Met-Hb
Sulf-Hb

A

Normal: 5g/dL

Met-Hb: 1.5g/dL

Sulf-Hb: 0.5g/dL

21
Q

What causes Central Cyanosis?

A

Arterial Desaturation Centrally

22
Q

What causes Peripheral Cyanosis?

A

Vasoconstriction in the Cold
Venostasis

General peripheral problems

23
Q

Define: Toes were cyanotic but her fingers were not?

A

Reversed Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Blood goes from right-left instead of the usual way around due to Pulmonary Hypertrophy over time

24
Q

Define: Syncope

A

Sudden transient loss of consciousness with no neurologic deficit

25
Q

Define: Stokes-Adams Syncope

A

Sudden cessation of cardiac function and effective CO and complete heart block causing loss of consciousness

26
Q

What is being tested when the doctor asks “What level of effort triggers the pain?”?

a. provocative
b. quality
c. palliative
d. region
e. associated symptoms

(c/o Leland Lukban)

A

A

27
Q

Under Canadian cardiovascular grading of angina: Angina with strenuous or rapid or prolonged exertion at work or recreation.

a. grade 1
b. grade 2
c. grade 3
d. grade 4

(c/o Leland Lukban)

A

A

28
Q

Region where esophageal non-cardiac associated chest pain is usually observed

a. Retrosternal
b. Left anterior
c. Substernal
d. midclavicular

(c/o Leland Lukban)

A

C

29
Q

Which one of these fall under Functional non-cardiac associated chest pain?

a. Tietze’s syndrome
b. Da Costa’s syndrome
c. Prinzemetal’s Angina
d. Kobayashi’s Syndrome

(c/o Leland Lukban)

A

B

30
Q

Referred to as a supply type of angina.

a. Classic Angina
b. Atypical Angina
c. Mitral valve prolapse Angina
d. Esophageal Angina

(c/o Leland Lukban)

A

B

31
Q

This causes Descending Edema

A

Renal Cause

32
Q

This causes Centrifugal Edema

A

Hepatic Cause

33
Q

This causes Ascending Edema

A

Cardiac/Pulmonary Cause

[OS 213] CVS Module (33 decks)

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