[13] Pathology of Valvular Heart Disease Flashcards
Define: Valvular Insufficiency
Failure to Close Completely
Cause of Valvular Insufficiency
Abnormal Cusp/Leaflet
Abnormal Surrounding/Supporting Structures
Bacteria that causes Rheumatic Fever
Group A B-Hemolytic Streptococcus
Arrange in Order of Frequency of Valves affected in RHD
Aortic Valve
Mitral Valve
Pulmonary Valve
Tricuspid Valve
MV > AV > TV > PV
Both MV and AV are affected in what % of patients?
33%
Prosthetic Heart Valves are notorious for causing?
Infective Endocarditis
Vegetations of Infective Endocarditis are more common on?
Left-Sided Cardiac Valves
[T/F]
Thrombotic vegetations of Infective endocarditis can be seen in intimal surfaces of systemic/pulmonary arteries or veins
(c/o Sia, Silava, Solis)
True
Causes of IE
c/o Sia, Silava, Solis
- Turbulent blood flow
2. Entry of microorganisms and adherence to thrombus
Conditions associated with IE in normal heart valves?
c/o Sia, Silava, Solis
- Intravenous drug users
2. Immunocompromised hosts
Most common predisposing condition for bacterial endocarditis in children
(c/o Sia, Silava, Solis)
Congenital Heart Disease
[T/F] Vegetations are more common in right sided cardiac valves?
(c/o Sia, Silava, Solis)
F
Left sided cardiac valves
Clinical Symptoms of Bacterial IE
c/o Sia, Silava, Solis
Fever, Anemia, Systemic embolization, CHF, Murmur, Vegetations/destruction of valves of ECG, Positive blood culture
Local Complications of Bacterial IE
c/o Sia, Silava, Solis
Valvular Stenosis/Heart Murmur
Acute Heart Failure
Aneurysm
Local Sepsis
Systemic Complications
c/o Sia, Silava, Solis
Bacteremia Embolization of Thrombus Infarction/ischemia Abscess Formation Infective Vasculitis Mycotic Aneurysm
Valve most commonly singly affected by non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis
(c/o Sia, Silava, Solis)
AV Valve
Most striking cardiac lesion in SLE
c/o Sia, Silava, Solis
Libman-Sacks Verrucous Vegetations
Description of IE Vegetations
c/o Sia, Silava, Solis
Bulky, friable lesions on the valve
Description of NBTE Lesions
c/o Sia, Silava, Solis
Small/medium red/tan vegetations attached at the line of closure of the valve leaflets
Description of vegetative lesions found in SLE?
c/o Sia, Silava, Solis
Small/medium vegetations on either or both sides of the valve leaflets
Order of Valves Most Commonly Affected by Valvulitis
c/o Sia, Silava, Solis
Mitral > Aortic > Tricuspid > Pulmonic
Complications of CRHD
c/o Sia, Silava, Solis
Bacterial Endocarditis
Mural Thrombi
CHF
Adhesive Pericarditis
In Mitral Regurgitation, cusps can become
c/o Sia, Silava, Solis
Perforated
Retracted
Expanded
In Mitral Regurgitation, chordae can become
c/o Sia, Silava, Solis
Short or Long
In Mitral Regurgitation, a dilated ring signifies
c/o Sia, Silava, Solis
Marfan’s Disease
