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Anatomy Topnotch > 2. Anatomy > Flashcards

2. Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

chest pain the results from transient ischemia brought on by exertion

A

Angina pectoris

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2
Q

angina pectoris is due to

A

reduced blood flow because of narrowing of artery

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3
Q

angina pectoris
is substernal pain that may be referred over the ___
dermatomes

A

T1 -T5

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4
Q

T1 dermatome int he medial aspect of the left arm and forearm may be felt over the

A

cervical dermatomes in the neck up to level of the angle of the mandible

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5
Q

results from localized avascular necrosis of cardiac cells caused by prolonged ischemia

A

myocardial infarction

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6
Q

common site of occlusion for MI

A

anterior interventricular artery

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7
Q

difference of angina pectoris and MI

A

angina pectoris - tightness/ squeezing pain precipitated by stress or exertion
MI- more severe pain, not relieved by rest

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8
Q

Nerve supply of the heart

A

ANS via the cardiac plexuses
Sympathetic - cervical and upper thoracic
Parasympathetic - vagus nerve

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9
Q

As a pathologist, you are examining the heart of a victim of fatal trauma and note a tear at the junction of SVC and right atrium. This tear would likely damage the

A

Sinoatrial node

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10
Q

pacemaker of the heart

A

SA node

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11
Q

SA node is located

A

within atrial wall on right side of its junction with Superior vena cava

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12
Q

right/left bundle branches are located at

A

muscular portion of interventricular septum

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13
Q

V1 placement

A

4th ICS just to the right of sternum

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14
Q

V2 placement

A

4th ICS just to the left of the sternum

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15
Q

V3 placement

A

midway between V2 and V4

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16
Q

V4 placement

A

midclavicular line, 5th ICS

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17
Q

V5 placemement

A

anterior axillary line, 5th ICS

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18
Q

V6 placement

A

midaxillary line, 5th ICS

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19
Q

right atrium receives blood from

A

SVC, IVC, coronary sinus, anterior cardiac vein, vena cordis minimae

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20
Q 
The following veins drain into right atrium EXCEPT?
A. coronay sinus
B. Superior vena cava
C. Anterior cardiac
D. Great cardiac
A

D.Great cardiac

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21
Q

internal wall of right atrium is composed of

A 
sinus venarum (posterior) 
musculi pectinati (anterior)
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22
Q

fossa ovalis is remnant of

A

foramen ovale

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23
Q

if foramen ovale persists after birth it leads to

A

ASD

Atrial septal defect

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24
Q

internal surface of right ventricle has irregular muscular ridges called

A

trabeculae carnae

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25
Q

trabeculae carne is where this muscle originates

A

papillar muscle

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26
Q

apices of right ventrice are connected by fibrous strands called

A

choradae tendinae

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27
Q

modified trabeculae carnae that crosses the interventricular septum

A

moderator band

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28
Q

has thicker wall than right atrium

A

right ventricle
left atrium
left ventricle

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29
Q

this heart chamber receives 4 pulmonary veins on its posterior wall

A

left atrium

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30
Q

most posterior of 4 chambers

A

left atrium

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31
Q

walls twice as thick as right ventricle

A

left ventricle

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32
Q

how many papillary muscles does right and left ventricle have

A

3 papillary muscles (anterior, posterior, septal) - RV

2 papillary muscles (anterior, posterior) LV

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33
Q

presence of moderator band
RV
LV

A

RV- present

LV - absent

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34
Q

crescenteric cavity

chamber of heart

A

RV

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35
Q

circular cavity

heart chamber

A

left ventricle

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36
Q

The heart tube continues to elongate and bend on day

A

23

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37
Q

This bending, which may be due to cell shape changes, creates cardiac loop completed at day

A

28

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38
Q

primitive atrium forms the

A

left atrium

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39
Q

sinus venosis forms the

A

right horn -> right atrium

left horn -> coronary sinus

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40
Q

primitive ventricle forms

A

all of the left ventricle

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41
Q

bulbus cordis forms

A

all of the right ventricle

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42
Q

truncus arteriosus becomes partitioned to form the

A

root of aorta and pulmonary trunk

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43
Q

most common formof congenital heart diseases

A

Atrial septal defect

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44
Q

ASD is due to

A

most common form is due to patent foramen ovale

shunts blood from left atrium to right atrium

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45
Q

Atrial septal defect results in this adaptation

A

hypertrophy of right atrium, right ventricle, and pulmonary trunk

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46
Q

most common type of CHD 25%

A

Ventricular septal defect

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47
Q

ventricular septal defect is more common in this gender

A

males

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48
Q

membranous VSD is due to

A

incomplete closure of the IV foramen results from failure of the membranou part of IV septum to develop

left to right shunting of blood, increase blood flow to lungs and cause pulmonary hypertension

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49
Q

The anatomic description of this CHD

consists of an outlet ventricular septal defect (VSD), a single semilunar valve, and a common great artery that overrides the VSD.

A

Persistent Truncus Arteriosus

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50
Q

most common cause of cyanotic heart disease

A

Transposition of the Great Arteries

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51
Q

The anatomic description of this CHD is
aorta lies anterior to the right of he pulmonary trunk and arises anteriorly from the morphological RV and pulmonary trunk arises from the morphological LV

A

TGA

Transposition of Great Arteries

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52
Q

TGA is associated with

A

ASD and VSD

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53
Q

right to left shunting of blood and cyanosis

A

Tetralogy of Fallot

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54
Q

components of tetralogy of fallot

A

pulmonary stenosis
VSD
dextropositio of aorta/ overriding aorta
right ventricular hypertrophy

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55
Q

before birth, the respiratory function of the lungs are performed by

A

placenta

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56
Q

these vasculature carry oxygenated blood back to the heart

A

umbilical veins

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57
Q

pathway for oxygenated blood in fetus

A

umbilical vein -> ductus venosus -> Inferior vena cava -> right atrium -> foramen ovale -> left atrium -> left ventricle -> aorta

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58
Q

pathyway for unoxygenated blood in fetus

A

superior vena cava -> right atrium -> right ventricle -> pulmonary trunk -> ductus arteriosus -> aorta

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59
Q

these shunts close when the baby is born

A

foramen ovale
ductus arteriosus
ductus venosus

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60
Q

anatomical closure of foramen ovale occurs by

A

3rd month ]

foramen ovale -> fossa ovalis

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61
Q

remnant of umbilical vein

A

ligamentum teres

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62
Q

remnant of umbilical arteries

A

medial umbilical ligaments

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63
Q

remnant of ductus venosus

A

ligamentum venosum

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64
Q

remnant of foramen ovale

A

fossa ovalis

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65
Q

remnant of ductus arteriosus

A

ligamentum arteriosum

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66
Q

when does ductus arteriosus close

A

close immediately after burth

complete obliteration and fibrosis by 3-4 weeks

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67
Q

remains patent and may be used for exchange transfusions of blood during early infancy

A

umbilical vein and ligamentum teres

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68
Q

Patent ductus arteriosus is more common in this gender

A

females

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69
Q

most common congenital anomaly associated with maternal rubella infection during early pregnancy

A

patent ductus arteriosus

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70
Q

failure of the ductus arteriosus to involute after birth and form the ligamentum arteriosum

A

Patent ductus arteriosus

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71
Q

This congenital defect will result in aortic blood shunted

A

Patent ductus arteriosus

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72
Q

the pharyngeal arches develop during

A

4th week

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73
Q

returning blood from the placenta; involutes after birth

A

umbilical/allantoic or placental veins

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74
Q

returning blood from the splanchopleura (yolk sac and gut derivatives ) become the portal system

A

vitelline or omphalomesenteric veins

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75
Q

returning blood from the somatopleura of embryo; be come the caval system

A

cardinal veins

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76
Q

carry well oxygenated blood from the placenta to the sinus venosus

A

umbilical veins

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77
Q

2 parts of pleura

A

visceral

parietal

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78
Q

4 subdivisions of the lungs

A

costal pleura
mediastinal pleura
diaphragmatic pleura
cervical pleura/ cupula

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79
Q

What is the inferior limit of the parietal pleura in the Midaxillary line

A

rib 10

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80
Q

A thoracentesis is performed to aspirate an abnormal accumulation of fluid with pleural effusion. A needle should be inserted at the midaxillary line between whihc of the following two ribs as to avoid puncturing the lung

A

ribs 8 and 10

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81
Q

Costal line of pleural reflection passes OBLIQUELY across the

A

MCL- 8th rib
MAL- 10th ib
Rib sides of vertebral column -12th rib

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82
Q

Lower margin of lungs

A

MCL- 6th rib
MAL - 8th rib
rib sides of verterbal column - 10th rib

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83
Q

Parietal pleura is sensitive to

A

pain, touch
temperature
presure

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84
Q

visceral pleura is sensitive to

A

stretch

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85
Q

nerve supply of parietal pleura

A

costal - intercostal nerve
mediastinal - phrenic nerve
diaphragmatic - phrenic and intercostal

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86
Q

nerve supply of visceral pleura

A

pulmonary plexus

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87
Q

The following are characteristics of left lung except

a. deep cardiac notch
b. provided with middle lobe
c. with oblique fissure
d. provided with lingula

A

b. provided with middle lobe

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88
Q

vital organ of respiration

A

lungs

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89
Q

this lung is larger, heavier, shorter and wider

A

right lung

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90
Q

each lung has

A

apex
hilum of the lung
root of the lung

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91
Q

3 surfaces of the lung

A

costal
mediastinal
diaphragmatic

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92
Q

3 borders of the lung

A

anterior
inferior
posterior

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93
Q

where parietal and visceral pleura meet

A

root of the lung

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94
Q

contains bronchi, pulmonary artery
pulmonary veins
lymph vessels
and bronchial vessels

A

root of the lung

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95
Q

type/s of bronchi present in right lung

A

eparterial and hyparterial

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96
Q

type of bronchi present in left lung

A

hyparterial

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97
Q

which of the following forms the lower division of the upper lobe of the left lung

A

superior and inferior lingular

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98
Q

largest subdivision of a lobe

A

bronchopulmonary segment

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99
Q

bronchopulmonary segment are named according to

A

the segmental bronchus supplying it

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100
Q

what separates bronchopulmonary segments

A

connective tissue

101
Q

anatomical and surgical unit of the lung

A

bronchopulmonary segments

102
Q

bronchopulmonary segments of right lung

A

SUPERIOR LOBE
Apical
Posterior
Anterior

MIDDLE LOBE
Lateral
Medial

INFERIOR LOBE
Superior 
Anterior basal
Medial basal
Lateral basal
Posterior basal
103
Q

bronchopulmonary segments of left lung

A 
SUPERIOR LOBE
Apico-posterior 
Anterior 
Superior/Inferior Lingular 
INFERIOR LOBE
Superior 
Anterior basal
lateral basal
Posterior basal
104
Q

eparterial bronchus

A

right superior bronchus

105
Q

main bronchi that is wider, shorter, more vertical

A

right main bronchi

106
Q

types of bronchi

A

main/primary
secondary/lobar
tertiary/segmental

107
Q

type of secondary bronchus

A

right lung

a. eparterial - superior
b. hyparterial - middle and inferior

left lung
both hyparterial

108
Q

a thoracic surgeon removed a right middle lobar bronchus along with lung tissue from a 57 year old heavy smoker with lung cancer. Which of the following bronchopulmonary segments must contain cancerous tissues?

A

lateral and medial bronchopulmonary segment

109
Q

Lung cancer located near the cardiac notch, a deep indentation of the lung. Which of the following lobes is most likely to be excised

A

superior lobe of the left lung

110
Q

A child suspected of aspirating a small metal button is seen in the emergency room. Although the child does not complain of pain, there is frequent coughing. DIminished breath sounds should be heard

A

right inferior lobe

111
Q

examination of the bronchi using a bronchoscope

A

bronchoscopy

112
Q

which bronchus will foreign body likely enter

A

right bronchus - shorter, wider, more vertical

113
Q

in a patient who is standing or sitting, the foreign body tends to lodge in thus segmement

A

posterobasal segment of the inferior lobe of the lung

114
Q

foreign body aspiration
supine position
which BPS

A

superior BPS of the right lower lobe

115
Q

foreign body aspiration
lying on the right side
which BPS

A

posterior BPS of the right upper lobe

116
Q

foreign body aspiration
lying on the left side
which BPS

A

inferior lingular BPS of the left upper lobe

117
Q

blood supply of the lung

A

bronchial arteries - from descending thoracic aorta

pulmonary arteries - from pulmonary trunk

118
Q

venous drainage of lungs

A

bronchial veins -> drain into azygous and hemiazygous vein
pulmonary veins
- empty into left atrium

119
Q

superior pulmonary sulcus tumor

A

Pancoast tumor

120
Q

A 56 year old man diagnosed with pancoast tumor. The patient has symptoms of shoulder pain associated with ptosis, miosis, enophthalmos, and anhidrosis

A

cervical sympathetic trunk

121
Q

pancoast syndrome

A

lower trunk brachial injury - pain radiating to shoulder and medial aspect of the arm; atrophy of muscles of forearm and hand

lesions of cervical sympathetic ganglia - - horner syndrome (pstosis, enophthalmos, miosis, anhidrosis, and vasodilation)

122
Q

lymph drainage of the lungs

A

superficial/subpleural plexus

deep plexus

123
Q

lies deep in the visceral pleura and drains lymph from the surface to the hilum of the lung

A

superficial/subpleural plexus

124
Q

drain into bronchopulmonary / hilar LN to tracheobronchial LN

A

deep plexus

125
Q

posterior intercostal artery is branch of

A

thoracic aorta

126
Q

anterior intercostal artery is branch of

A

internal thoracic artery and musculophrenic artery

127
Q

posterior intercostal vein drain into

A

azygous / hemiazygous veins

128
Q

anterior intercostal vein drain into

A

internal thoracic vein

129
Q

posterior intercostal arteries are supplied by

A

first two- superior intercostal of the costocervical trunk

remaining branches- supplied by descending aorta

130
Q

anterior intercostal arteries are supplied by

A

Upper six- Internal thoracic artery

remainign - musculophrenic

131
Q

THORACENTESIS - the needle is inserted ____ to avoid damage to intercostal vessels and nerves

A

ABOVE the rib

132
Q

order of structures of intercostal space

A

VAN
Vein
Artery
Nerve

133
Q

site of thoracentesis

A

midaxillary lien MAL
8th intercostal space

layers: skin, superficial fascia,, 3 layers of intercostal muscles and parietal pleura

134
Q

the highest level thoracentesis is done without induring the lung in MAL is

A

8th intercostal space

135
Q

lowest level to perform thoracentesis lie at level of which rib

136
Q

the subclavian artery is divided into three parts by this muscle

A

scalenus anterior

137
Q

first part of subclavian artery

A

vertebral
thyrocervical (inferior thyroid, superficial cervical, suprascapular)
internal thoracic

138
Q

portion of aorta

A

Ascending aorta
Arch of aorta
Descending aorta
Abdominal aorta

139
Q

Ascending aorta branches

A

right and left coronaries

140
Q

arch of aorta branches

A

brachiocephalic
left common carotid
left subclavian

141
Q

descending aorta branches

A 
bronchial 
mediastinal
esophageal 
posterior intercostal
pericardial
subcostal
142
Q

aneurysm of the aortic arch - sign

A

pulsatile swelling in the suprastenal notch

143
Q

aneurysm of the aortic arch- can lead to

A

compress the trachea, esophagus, left recurrehnt laryngeal nerve

DOB
difficulty swallowing
hoarseness

144
Q

types of coarctation of aorta

A

postductal coartation

preductal coartation

145
Q

infantile form of coarctation of aorta

A

postductal coartation

146
Q

constriction of varying length of aorta

A

coarctation of aorta

147
Q

coarctation of aorta

gender twice more at risk

148
Q

coarctation of aorta

constriction is just DISTAL to the ligamentum arteriosum

A

postductal coarctation

149
Q

coarctation of aorta

constriction is just PROXIMAL to the ligamentum arteriosum

A

preductal coarctation

150
Q

adult form of coarctation

A

postductal coarctation

151
Q

coarctation of the aorta

blood pressure sign

A

BP reduced in lower limbs and

elevated in the head, neck and upper limbs

152
Q

continuation of sigmoid sinus

A

internal jugular vein

153
Q

Internal jugular vein leaves the skull through

A

jugular foramen

154
Q

Internal jugular vein is closely related to these nodes

A

deep cervical nodes

155
Q

Internal jugular vein position in carotid sheath

A

lateral to vagus nerve

and internal and common carotid arteries

156
Q

Internal jugular vein

tributaries

A 
inferior petrosal 
facial
lingual
pharyngeal
superior thyroid
middle thyroid
157
Q

indications for central venous catheter

A
  1. administration of drugs and parenteral nutrition
  2. hemodynamic monitoring
  3. rapid fluid administration
  4. long term venous access
158
Q

common sites of central venous catheters

A

internal jugular
subclavian (infraclavicular approach)
femoral

159
Q

infraclavicular approach will have the needle pierce the following structures

A 
skin
superficial fascia
pectoralis major (clavicular head)
clavipectoral fascia 
suclavius muscle
wall of subclavian vein
160
Q

aantomical problems of
subclavian catheterization
infraclavicular approach

A

hitting the clavicle
hitting the first rub
hitting the subclavian artery
hitting the phrenic nerve

161
Q

complications of
subclavian catheterization
infraclavicular approach

A 
pneumothorax
hemothorax
subclavian artery puncture
internal thoracic artery puncture
diaphragmatic paralysis
162
Q

advantages of using right IJV in catheterization

A

larger than the left

its course to the SVC is straight

163
Q

disadvantages and risks of using left IJV in catheterization

A
  1. chylothorax- thoracic duct joins the left IJV; misplaced catheter may result in chylothorax
  2. pneumothorax- cervical pleura extends further into the neck on the LEFT
  3. longer - it turns and joins the subclavian to form the brachiocephalic vein and again to enter the SVC
164
Q

important landmark of right IJV catheterization

A

supraclavicular fossa

165
Q

union of the internal thoracic and subclavian vein

A

brachiocephalic vein

166
Q

brachiocephalic vein is formed at the level of

A

inferior border of first right costal cartilage

167
Q

tributaries of brachiocephalic vein

A

internal thoracic
vertebral
inferior thyroid
superior intercostal

168
Q

union of the right and left brachiocephalic veins

A

superior vena cava

169
Q

at this level, superior vena cava ends to enter the right atrium

A

3rd RIGHT costal cartilage

170
Q

connects SVC from IVC

A

azygos vein

171
Q

azygos vein is formed by the union of

A

right ascending lumbar
and
right subcostal veins

172
Q

this vasculature ascends through the aortic opening in the diaphragm on the RIGHT side of the aorta to the level of 5th thoracic vertebra

A

azygos vein

173
Q

tributaries of azygos vein

A 
intercostal vein
mediastinal vein
esophageal 
bronchial
hemiazygos ( left subcostal and ascending lumbar)
accessory hemiazygos
174
Q

etiology of superior vena cava syndrome

A

compressed by LN enlargement because of metastasis from a bronchogenic carcinoma

175
Q

signs and symptoms of

Superior vena cava syndrome

A

headache
edema of the head and neck
prominent superficial veins and cyanosis

176
Q

in complete occlusion of SVC, venous return from the head, neck and upper limbs is shunted into

A

tributaries of IVC

177
Q

what causes changes of breast morphology in breast cancer

A

interference with the lymphatic drainage of the breast by cancer -> deviation of the nipple and produce a thickened with prominent pores of the skin (Peau d’ orange sign)

178
Q

retraction of the nipple is caused by

A

pulling on the lactiferous ducts

179
Q

skin dimpling is caused by

A

shortenng of the suspensory/ cooper ligament

180
Q

the breast lies in this layer

A

superficial fascia

181
Q

the breast overlies these muscles

A

pectoralis major
serratus anterior mucles
external oblique muscles
rectus abdominis

182
Q

cooper ligament connects

A

dermis - pectoral fascia

183
Q

nipple is usually at this level

184
Q

breast adenocarcinomas most commonly begin as painless masses in the

A

upper lateral quadrant

185
Q

late stage signs of breast adenocarcinoma

A

retraction
fixation of the nipple
dimpling of the skin

186
Q

breast adenocarcinomas metastasize mainly to

A

axillary lymph node

187
Q

radical mastectomy

what structures are removed

A

breast
pectoralis major/minor muscles
axillary lymphnodes and vessels

188
Q

nerve injuries related ater radical mastectomy

winging of the scapula

A

long thoracic nerve

189
Q

nerve injuries related ater radical mastectomy

difficulty in horizontal extension of the upper extremities

A

thoracodorsal nerve

190
Q

nerve injuries related ater radical mastectomy

loss of sensation on the upper inner aspect of the arm

A

intercostal nerve

191
Q

nerve injuries related ater radical mastectomy

difficulty in lifting her child, flapping ehr arms, doing arm wrestling

A

medial pectoral nerve

192
Q

nerves that can be injured

radical mastectomy

A

long thoracic nerve
thoracodorsal nerve
intercostal nerve
medial pectoral nerve

193
Q

blood supply of the breast

A

a. internal thoracic from subclavian artery
b. lateral thoracic and thoracoacromial from axillary
c. post intercostal from thoracic aorta

194
Q

venous drainage ofthe breast

A

internal thoracic vein

lateral thoracic and thoracoacromial to axillary vein

195
Q

lateral quadrants of the breast drain to ___ LN

A

axillary LN

196
Q

medial quadrants of the breast drain to ___ LN

A

parastenal

197
Q

nerve supply of the breast

A

4-6th intercostal nerve

198
Q

A 45 year old woman is noted to have a 1.5 cm breast cancer located in the UPPER INNER QUADRANT of the RIGHT breast.
Which of the following LN is most liekly affected

A

parastenal node

199
Q

Level 1 axillary node

A

anterior/pectoral LN
posterior/ scapular LN
lateral/ humeral LN

200
Q

level 2 axillary LN

A

central LN

201
Q

level 3 axillary LN

202
Q

clinical stage of breas cancer

carcinoma in situ; confined to the ductal system

203
Q

clinical stage of breas cancer

less than or equal to 2 cm; LNs are uninvolved

204
Q

clinical stage of breas cancer

less than or equal to 5 cm; oneto three axillary nodes involved

205
Q

less than or equal to 5 cm; 4 or more axillary nodes are involved

206
Q

clinical stage of breas cancer

distant metastases are present

207
Q

motor nerve supply of the diaphragm

A

phrenic nerve

208
Q

sensory nerve supply of diaphragm

A

central - phrenic nerve

peripheral - intercostal nerves

209
Q

right crus of the diaphragm

is at this level

210
Q

left crus of the diaphragm

is at this level

211
Q

phrenic nerve

arises from

212
Q

the right lymphatic duct drains the

A

right side of the body above the diaphragm

213
Q

three openings of diaphragm

A

aortic hiatus
esophageal hiatus
caval foramen

214
Q

caval foramen lies in this level

215
Q

esophageal foramen lies in this level

216
Q

aortic hiatus lies in this level

217
Q

caval foramen contains

A

inferior vena cava

right phrenic nerve

218
Q

aortic hiatus contains

A

aorta
thoracic duct
azygous vein

219
Q

esophageal hiatus contains

A

esophagus

vagus nerve

220
Q

umbilicus is normally at what level

221
Q

subcostal plane is at this level

A

10th rib ; L3

222
Q

transtubercular plane lies at this level

A

L5; transtubercular

223
Q

nine regions of abdomen

A

epigastric
umbilical
hypogastric/ Pubic

R/L hypochondriac
R/L lumbar
R/L inguinal

224
Q

how many muscles in the abdomen

A

4 paired muscles (3 flat, 1 strap-like)

225
Q

strengthens the abdominal wall

226
Q

most superficial abdominal muscle

A

external oblique

227
Q

free inferior margin of external oblique muscle

A

inguinal ligament

228
Q

form aponeurosis which splits to form rectus sheath

A

internal oblique

229
Q

innmermost abdominal muscle

A

transversus abdominis

230
Q

aponeurosis of these abdominal muscles contribute to a conjoint tendon

A

Internal oblique

Transversus abdominis

231
Q

abdominal muscle on either side of linea alba

A

rectus abdominis

232
Q

lateral borders convex of rectus abdominis

A

linea semilunaris

233
Q

cresenreric border on the posterior wall, midway between the umbilicus and pubic crest

A

arcuate line

234
Q

contents of the rectus sheath

A 
rectus abdominis
pyramidalis
superior epigastric vessels
inferior epigastric vessels 
lower 5 infercostal and subcostal vessels and nerves
235
Q

blood supply of the abdomen

A

A. Superior epigastric artery - from internal thoracic artery
B. Inferior epigastric artery - from external iliac artery
C. Deep circumflex iliac artery - from external iliac

236
Q

venous drainage of the abdomen

A

A.Superior epigastric vein - to internal thoracic vein
B. Inferior epigastric vei - to external iliac vein
C. Deep circumflex iliac - to external iliac vein

237
Q

nerve supply of the abdomen

A

ventral rami of lower 6 thoracic nerves ( T7-T12)

First lumbar nerve

238
Q

inguinal region extends between

A

ASIS and pubic tubercle

239
Q

floor/ inferior border of inguinal canal

A

inguinal ligament

240
Q

what fascia does deep inguinal ring lie

A

fascia transversalis

241
Q

what fascia does superficial inguinal ring lie

A

external oblique aponeurosis

242
Q

spermatic cord

structures within

A 
vas deferens
testicular artery
testicular veins (pampiniform plexus)
testicular lyph vessels
autonomic nerves
autonomic nerves 
processus vaginalis 
cremasteric artery
artery of vas deferens
genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
243
Q

Abnormal cysts in the spermatic cord includes

A

hydrocele
hematocele
spermatocele
varicocele

244
Q

accumulation of serous fluid in the scrotum

245
Q

accumulation of blood; results form the rupture of testicular blood vessels after trauma

A

hematocele

246
Q

cyst containing sperm that develops in the epididymis

A

spermatocele

247
Q

results from the dilations of tributaries of testicular vein

A

varicocele

248
Q

also known as Poupart ligament

A

Inguinal ligament

249
Q

boundaries of Hesselbach triangle

A

rectus abdominis - medial
inferior epigastric artery - superior, lateral
inferior and lateral - inguinal ligament

Anatomy Topnotch (26 decks)

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