2/14/13 Flashcards
What are the 3 main Sx of phenytoin intoxication?
horizontal nystagmus, cerebellar ataxia, and confusion
What is the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction?
rapid death of spirochetes in Tx of syphilis causes release of Ag-Ab complexes and immunologic rxn that seems like a flare up of syphilis
What drug causes “Red Man syndrome”?
vancomycin
Why might a bipolar pt develop polyuria and polydipsia?
Li can cause nephrogenic DI
What is the defect in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?
renal resistance to ADH
How do tumors metasatic to bone cause hypercalcemia?
cytokine release (TNF, IL-1) causes osteolysis
What lab value will differentiate btwn PTHrP and bone metastases as the cause of hypercalcemia in the setting of cancer?
PTH will be below normal range in PTHrP
What skin condition is associated w/ Parkinson’s disease and HIV?
seborrheic dermatitis
What causes a transfusion reaction with rapid development of fever, hemolysis, shock, and DIC?
ABO mismatch
What causes a transfusion reaction with transient fevers, chills, and malaise?
febrile reaction/cytokines stored in the blood products
What most commonly causes a anaphylactic reaction to blood transfusion?
IgA deficiency
What is the most common cause of transfusion reaction?
reaction to cytokines in blood products
How can febrile reactions to cytokines in blood products be prevented?
leukoreduction, wash RBC’s
What organisms are typically involved in the pathogenesis of reactive arthritis?
CCSSY: Campylobacter, Chlamydia, Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia
What is malignant hyperthermia?
genetic susceptibility causes hyperthermia during anasthesia w/ halothane or succinylcholine
Painless jaundice + hi alk phos and conjugated bilirubinemia should raise suspicion for…
pancreatic cancer
_______ is characterized by ring-shaped, scaly patches w/ central clearing and distinct borders.
Tinea corporis
The lesions of _______ are numerous, oval, scaly plaques which follow the cleavage lines of the trunk. Their centers have a crinkled, cigarrette paper-like appearrance.
pityriasis rosea
What is the Tx for tinea corporis?
terbinafine or griseofulvin
What is the Tx for pityriasis rosea?
usu. no Tx; antihistamines or topical steroids if nec.
What is the most appropriate initial test in a pt. w/ a first-time, seemingly unprovoked seizure?
non-contrast CT
What pathogen most commonly causes post-influenza pneumonia?
S. aureus
