2/13/13 Flashcards
What is the Tx for granulomatosis w/ polyangiitis?
cyclophosphamide and steroids
What is the Tx for Goodpasture’s syndrome?
emergency plasmapheresis
What should be given concurrently with TMP-SMX to pts w/ pneumocystic pneumonia and a PaO2 <70mmHg?
prednisolone
What are the 2 causes of renal dysfunction in pts w/ multiple myeloma?
hypercalcemia and light chain (Bence-Jones protein) deposition
How would a Swan-Ganz catheter measurement differentiate ARDS from CHF induced pulmonary edema? (Give the number.)
ARDS has PCWP <18 mmHg
What causes a distolic decrescendo murmur in the left 3rd intercostal space that increases w/ handgrip?
aortic regurgitation
What is primary medical therapy for aortic regurgitation?
afterload reduction as w/ nifedipine or ACE-I’s
Which CHF medications are contraindicated in aortic regurgitation? Why?
β-blockers; lengthen diastole and time for regurgitation
What is the most common renal pathology seen in analgesic nephropathy aside from papillary necrosis?
tubulointerstitial nephritis
What kind of acute renal failure is caused most commonly by toxins or ischemia and demonstrates muddy brown granular casts on urinalysis?
Acute tubular necrosis
_______ is characterized by sudden, painless loss of vision in one eye, and the fundoscopic examination reveals pallor of the optic disk, a cherry red fovea, and “boxcar segmentation” of blood in the retinal veins.
Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO)
How do you usually treat dissection of the descending aorta (Stanford type B aortic dissection)?
IV labetalol
Dx this: pruritic, elevated, serpiginous lesions on the skin after contact w/ sand or soil in a tropical/subtropical region.
cutaneous larva migrans
What two classes of Abx may be used to treat Legionairre’s disease?
macrolides or fluoroquinolones
What is the antibiotic of choice in aspiration pneumonia?
clindamycin
One of which 2 procedures should be used to confirm the Dx of Legionairre’s disease?
urine Ag or culture
What medium do you culture Legionella on?
chocolate agar
What is the single most common cause of asymptomatic, isolated elevation of alk phos in an elderly pt?
Paget’s disease of bone
What valvulopathy causes a bounding or “water hammer” pulse?
AR
What is the most typical site of bleeding in hemophiliacs?
joints (hemarthroses)
What statistical method should be used to compare the means of 2 sample groups?
Two-sample T test
What statistical method is used to compare 3 or more means?
ANOVA
What kind of drug is the drug of choice for mild to moderate hypercalcemia d/t malignancy?
bisphosphonates (e.g. Zoledronic acid)
