2/13/13 b Flashcards
Pts transfused w/ blood before 1992 should be screened for _______.
Hep C
Pts screened before 1986 should be screened for _______ and _______.
Hep B; Hep C
What is the most sensitive modality for imaging gallstones?
US
Is the urine sodium high or low in pre-/post-renal renal failure?
low
How low is urine sodium in prerenal renal failure, typically?
<10 mEq/L
What is the direct cause of renal insufficiency in hepatorenal syndrome?
renal hypoperfusion
What drugs are typically used to tx hepatorenal syndrome? What do these drugs do to combat hepatorenal syndrome?
midodrine and octreotide; cause vasoconstriction
What condition looks like chronic bronchitis but causes purulent sputum rather than dry cough? Linear atelectasis may be present on CXR.
bronchiectasis
What should be done to confirm the Dx of bronchiectasis?
hi-res CT of chest
What is the first step in an HIV pt w/ esophagitis?
administer fluconazole (oral)
If a 3-5 day course of oral fluconazole has no effect on esophagitis in an HIV pt, what do you do next?
esophagoscopy w/ cytology, biopsy, and culture
Light’s criteria state that a pleural effusion is an exudate if the pleural fluid protein:serum protein ratio is greater than ___.
0.5
Light’s criteria state that a pleural effusion is an exudate if the fluid LDH/serum LDH ratio is greater than ___.
0.6
Light’s criteria say that a pleural effusion is an exudate if the pleural fluid is greater than ___ the upper limit of nornmal serum LDH.
2/3
What is the Somogyi effect, which causes morning hyperglycemia in diabetics?
too much nighttime insulin causes nighttime hypoglycemia and releaser of counterregulatory hormones to raise blood sugar
