19. Interpersonal & group practices

Question 1

How do individualistic cultures communicate? (Group practices Social)

Answer 1

Low context communication

Question 2

How do collectivist cultures communicate? (Group practices Social)

Answer 2

High context communication

Question 3

What is characteristic of low context communication? (Group practices Social)

Answer 3

• Direct
• Emphasis placed on what one means
• Maximal clarity and expression

Question 4

What is characteristics of high context communication? (Group practices Social)

Answer 4

• Indirect
• Emphasis placed on ‘reading between the lines’
• Maximises interpersonal harmony

Question 5

What did Friesen (1972) find when looking at display rules and analysis of expression? (Group practices Social)

Answer 5

• When alone = USA and Japan P’s were both disgusted at the video of bodily mutilation
• When others were present = Japan P’s did not show disgust (negative emotions pose a threat to harmony)

Question 6

Why do the Japanses have stronger display rules than those from UAS? (Group practices Social)

Answer 6

Collectivist cultures street the importance of harmony, especially with in-group context

Question 7

What is one example of intimate relationships differing across cultures? (Group practices Social)

Answer 7

Arranged marriages

Question 8

Why can arranged marriages be a positive thing? (Group practices Social)

Answer 8

• Preserves social harmony
• Political/economic links
• Socio-economic protection

Question 9

What were LeVine (1995) procedures and findings? (Group practices Social)

Answer 9

• Students surveys and asked “would you marry not for love, if they had all the other qualities you desired?”
• Individualist cultures = no
• Collectivist = yes
• Affluence of the country was the strongest predictor (MEDC=no, LEDC=yes)

Question 10

What were the trade off proposed by Shackerfold et al (2005) of the most desirable qualities? (Group practices Social)

Answer 10

• Love vs. status/resources
• Dependability vs. health/good looks
• Education vs. broodiness
• Sociability vs. similar region

Question 11

What did Lee (1973) propose as the three main love styles? (Group practices Social)

Answer 11

• Eros (romantic/passionate)
• Storge (friendship love)
• Ludus (game playing love)

Question 12

What is the relationship between parental control and warmth between cultures? (Group practices Social)

Answer 12

• Western nations = greater control is associated with less warmth
• Non-Western nations = greater control is associated with more warmth