15. Control & change

Question 1

What three concepts are required to overcome our stereotype? (Control/change Social)

Answer 1

• Personal information of the individual
• Own cognitive ability
• Own motivation

Question 2

What is motivated tactician? (Control/change Social)

Answer 2

Motivated reasoning use to describe the shift from quick economical tactics to thoughtful strategies of information processing

Question 3

What did DeVine (1989) study? (Control/change Social)

Answer 3

• The difference between knowing what a stereotype is and endorsing it to be accurate
• Automatic activation for all but conscious inhibition for some

Question 4

What were DeVine (1989) procedures and findings for study 1? (Control/change Social)

Answer 4

• P’s asked to list a cultural stereotype of those who had black skin colour
• Completed a modern racism scale
• Found no difference in stereotype knowledge for high and low prejudice P’s

Question 5

What were DeVine (1989) procedures and findings for study 2? (Control/change Social)

Answer 5

• P’s subliminally primed for African Americans (20% or 80%)
• Case study built around a fake person (race was unspecified)
• Those in the strong prime condition (80%) were more hostile and aggressive when describing the person
• This was true of both high and low prejudice P’s

Question 6

What were DeVine (1989) procedures and findings for study 3? (Control/change Social)

Answer 6

• P’s asked to list all thoughts in response to an all black social group
• Those who held high prejudice had a strong correlation to using negative terms

Question 7

What did Kawakami et al (2000) find? (Control/change Social)

Answer 7

• P’s primed with white or black prejudice words and white or black faces
• Stereotype consistent words were trained where P’s click no on a keyboard
• After training, RT slowed, showing a change in stereotypic association

Question 8

What did Wegner (1992) suggest about the rebound effect? (Control/change Social)

Answer 8

When a thought is suppressed, individuals have to:

1. intend to drive the thought from consciousness
2. automatically monitor thoughts to check for appearance of the unwanted word

Question 9

What were the procedures of Wegner (1987) white bear study? (Control/change Social)

Answer 9

• P’s left alone in a room for 5 minutes
• Half asked to think about white bear & half asked to not think about white bears
• During the 5 minutes, P’s had to speak aloud into a recorder (if they think of white bears they had to ring the bell)

Question 10

What did Wegner (1987) find in the white bear study? (Control/change Social)

Answer 10

P’s asked to not think of white bears did not speak of them aloud but rang the bell as much as the other group

Question 11

What does Monteith believe in relation to the rebound effect? (Control/change Social)

Answer 11

Rebound is less likely when the individual is motivated to not be stereotypical of others and when social norms indicate it to be unacceptable

Question 12

What are the three processes of changing stereotypes? (Control/change Social)

Answer 12

• Book keeping
• Conversation
• Sub typing

Question 13

How does book keeping change stereotypes? (Control/change Social)

Answer 13

Modification of stereotype in response to disconfirming information

Question 14

How does conversation change stereotypes? (Control/change Social)

Answer 14

Radical change in response to dramatic disconfirmation (changing it for something new)

Question 15

How does sub typing change stereotypes? (Control/change Social)

Answer 15

Creating subgroup in response to disconfirming information (not the overall group behaviour but a part of that group)