14. Prejudice

Question 1

What components did Alport believe were necessary from prejudice? (Prejudice Social)

Answer 1

• Cognitive (beliefs)
• Affective (emotional reactions)
• Conative (intention to act in a certain way toward target)

Question 2

Why is the social cognitive perspective seen as reductionist? (Prejudice Social)

Answer 2

• Artificial experimental paradigm
• Too individualistic
• More emphasis placed on cognition rather than social aspects

Question 3

What is the link between the role of affect and stereotyping? (Prejudice Social)

Answer 3

How we feel about out-groups is as important as what we think about them

Question 4

What did Cottrell & Neuberg (2005) find? (Prejudice Social)

Answer 4

• Anger is high for African Americans than Asian/Native Americans
• For intervention to work, we must first understand emotional underpinnings toward prejudice

Question 5

What evidence did Haslam et al (1992) find with stereotypes? (Prejudice Social)

Answer 5

• Stereotype content varies with context
• Australian P’s stereotyped Americans before and after the Gulf war
• Stereotypes became less positive (becoming more arrogant)

Question 6

What does the social identity theory suggest? (Prejudice Social)

Answer 6

We categorise ourself in terms of social identity, accentuating similarities with the in-group and difference with out-groups

Question 7

What do stereotypes enable? (Prejudice Social)

Answer 7

• Predictability of social environment

- Justification of negative treatment

Question 8

How did Jost & Banaji (1994) term system justification? (Prejudice Social)

Answer 8

• Process contributing to the preservation of existing social arrangements (even at the expense of personal/group interest)
• This accounts for negativity in-group

Question 9

What is Fiske et al stereotype content model? (Prejudice Social)

Answer 9

• 2 dimensions determine the context of stereotypes toward the out-group
  1. Are they a friend or foe?
  2. Are they able or unable?
• Those with high warmth and high competence are associated with us

Question 10

How did Alexander et al (1999) define the enemy in image theory? (Prejudice Social)

Answer 10

• Structure = competitive
• Behavioural = attack
• Image = hostile
• Sentiment = threat

Question 11

How did Alexander et al (1999) define the ally in image theory? (Prejudice Social)

Answer 11

• Structure = interdependent
• Behaviour = cooperative
• Image = trustworthy

Question 12

How did Alexander et al (1999) define the dependent in image theory? (Prejudice Social)

Answer 12

• Structure = competitive (in-group is stronger)
• Behaviour = exploit
• Image = childlike

Question 13

How did Alexander et al (1999) define the barbarian in image theory? (Prejudice Social)

Answer 13

• Structure = competitive (in-group is weaker)
• Behaviour = appease
• Image = evil
• Sentiment = defensive