18.1 — hardy-weinburg principle

Question 1

what does the Hardy-Weinburg principle calculate?

Answer 1

the frequencies of alleles for a particular gene within a population.

Question 2

what is allele frequency?

Answer 2

how often an allele appears in a population.

Question 3

what is a population?

Answer 3

a group of organisms of the same species living in a specific area at a certain time, with the potential to interbreed

Question 4

what does the Hardy-Weinburg principle state?

Answer 4

allele frequencies will remain constant across generations if certain condition are fulfilled

Question 5

what are the key assumptions of the Hardy-Weinburg principle?

Answer 5

• no mutations occur
• there is no migration in/out of the population
• mating is random
• the population size is large
• there are no natural selection pressures

Question 6

what is a gene pool?

Answer 6

all alleles of all genes in all individuals of a population at a given time

Question 7

what is the Hardy-Weinburg principle’s concept of genetic equilibrium?

Answer 7

the gene pool stays consistent over time

Question 8

what relationship does the Hardy-Weinburg model?

Answer 8

the relationship between allele frequencies

Question 9

what does <i>p</i> stand for in the Hardy-Weinburg equation?

Answer 9

the frequency of the dominant allele

Question 10

what does <i>q</i> stand for in the Hardy-Weinburg equation?

Answer 10

the frequency of the recessive allele

Question 11

what does p² stand for in the Hardy-Weinburg equation?

Answer 11

the frequency of homozygous individuals (derived as the genotype could be either pq or qp)

Question 12

what must all the possible allele combinations equal?

Answer 12

1

Question 13

what is the equation that links genotype frequencies directly to allele frequencies?

Answer 13

p² + 2pq + q² = 1

Question 14

what is the equation for the sum of all alleles for a gene?

Answer 14

p + q = 1