15. Intro to endocrinology

Question 1

Where is atrial natriuretic peptide secreted from?

Answer 1

heart

Question 2

function of ANP?

Answer 2

stimulates kidney to excrete for Na+ = decreased BV volume and pressure

Question 3

which organ and cells secrete renin?

Answer 3

kidney - juxtaglomerular cells

Question 4

function of renin

Answer 4

stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete aldosterone

Question 5

5 basic categories of hormones

Answer 5

1. modified AA
2. polypeptides
3. glycoproteins
4. steriods
5. fatty acid derivatives

Question 6

what time of hormone is insulin

Answer 6

polypeptide

Question 7

what time of hormone is testosterone

Answer 7

steriod

Question 8

what time of hormone is prostaglandin

Answer 8

FA derivatives - eicosanoids

Question 9

what time of hormone is FSH

Answer 9

glycoprotein

Question 10

what time of hormone is epinephrine

Answer 10

Modified AA

Question 11

2 hormones secreted by posterior pituitary

Answer 11

1. oxytocin

2. ADH

Question 12

which cells secrete ADH?

Answer 12

supraoptic nuclei

Question 13

which cells secrete oxytocin?

Answer 13

paraventricular nuclei

Question 14

which cells secrete GH?

Answer 14

somatotropes

Question 15

function of ACTH

Answer 15

stimulate Adrenal medulla to produce NE and E

Question 16

cause of goitre

Answer 16

thyroid receptor Ab = hypothyroidism

Question 17

4 functions of T4

Answer 17

1. protein synthesis
2. bone growth
3. neuronal maturation
4. cell differentiation

Question 18

function of calcitonin - and 2 ways how

Answer 18

reduce Ca2+ by bone resorption and increasing Ca2+ secretion via kidney

Question 19

function of PTH

Answer 19

increase Ca2+

Question 20

2 hormones secreted by thymus ?

Answer 20

thymopoietin

thymosin

Question 21

function of thymopoietin

Answer 21

stimulates production of T cells

Question 22

is the pancrease exocrine or endocrine

Answer 22

exocrine

Question 23

what do delta cells of islets of langerhans secrete?

Answer 23

somatostain

Question 24

2 functions of somatostatin

Answer 24

1. inhibit release of glucagon + insulin

2. slows food absorption

Question 25

in which organ and which cells are NE and E secreted?

Answer 25

adrenal medulla - spherical chromaffin cells

Question 26

3 hormone srelease by adrenal cortex

Answer 26

1. cortisol
2. aldosterone
3. androgens

Question 27

precursor for testosterone and oestrogen

Answer 27

dehydroepi-androsterone

Question 28

2 hormones secreted by ovary

Answer 28

progesterone and oestrogen

Question 29

what is gigantism caused by ?

Answer 29

increased GH in childhood

Question 30

what is acromegaly caused by?

Answer 30

increased GH in adulthood

Question 31

what is pituitary dwarfs caused by?

Answer 31

decreased GH in childhood

Question 32

cause of hyperthyroidism - graves disease?

Answer 32

autoimmune

Question 33

what is cretism caused by?

Answer 33

hypothyroidism in childhood

Question 34

what is endemic goitre caused by?

Answer 34

hypothyroidism resulting from insufficient iodine

Question 35

what is myxedema caused by?

Answer 35

hypothyroidism in adults - autoimmune

Question 36

what is addisons disease caused by?

Answer 36

hyposecretion of cortisol + aldosterone