14 - 1 (new) Flashcards

1
Q

Beer Alcohol Content

A

4-6%

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2
Q

Wine Alcohol Content

A

7-12%

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3
Q

Hard Liquor Alcohol Content

A

30-50%

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4
Q

Beer - Standard Drink Size

A

340 mL

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5
Q

Wine - Standard Drink Size

A

140 mL

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6
Q

Hard Liquor - Standard Drink Size

A

40 mL

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7
Q

Blood alcohol concentration

A

is the ratio of alcohol in the blood by body weight

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8
Q

BAC (Blood alcohol concentration) is impacted by:

A
  1. Body Weight
  2. Percent body fat
  3. Biological sex
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9
Q

Body weigh (BAC):

A

a smaller person develops a higher BAC than a larger person after drinking the same amount of
alcohol.

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10
Q

A smaller person has

BAC

A

less overall body tissue into which alcohol can be distributed.

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11
Q

Percentage of body fat (BAC):

A

A person with a higher percentage of body fat will develop a higher BAC than a more muscular person of the same weight when they drink the same amount.

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12
Q

Biological sex (BAC):

A

female are more susceptible to high BACs.

Females metabolize
less alcohol in the stomach than males do

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13
Q

BAC: 0.01–0.05%

A

Relaxation; mild euphoria; reduced
inhibition; decreased alertness;
impaired motor coordination and
judgment.

Approximate time to metabolize:
2–3 hours

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14
Q

BAC: 0.05–0.10%

A

Emotional instability; exaggerated feelings and behaviours;
impaired reasoning, judgment, and visual tracking; slowed information processing, reflexes, and reaction time; sleepiness; nausea.

Legally intoxicated at 0.08% in all 50 states.

Approximate time to metabolize: 3–6 hours

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15
Q

BAC: 0.10–0.15%

A

Mood swings; aggression; staggering gait; impaired balance; slurred speech.

Approximate time to metabolize: 7–10 hours

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16
Q

BAC: 0.15–0.30%

A

Reduced sensation; depression; confusion; lethargy; increased pain threshold; severe motor impairment;
memory blackout.

Approximate time to metabolize: 10–20 hours

17
Q

BAC: 0.30%+

A

Stupor; unconsciousness; slowed heart rate and respiration; loss of temperature regulation; loss of bladder control; death possible above 0.35% BAC.

Can occur with rapid or binge drinking with few of the earlier effects.

Approximate time to metabolize: 20+ hours

18
Q

BAC: 0.40%+

A

Respiratory arrest; death.

19
Q

Absorption

A

The rate at which your body absorbs alcohol determines how quickly you feel drunk and how fast your behaviour is impaired

20
Q

Absorption depends on:

A
  1. How fast you drink
  2. How fast the stomach empties
  3. What food and drugs are in your system
  4. Gender and ethnicity

All alcohol is eventually absorbed

21
Q

How does alcohol get into the bloodstream?

A
  1. Small amount is absorbed by the oral mucosa
  2. 20% is absorbed in the stomach
  3. 75% is absorbed through the upper part of the small intestine

Produces feelings of intoxication

22
Q

Most alcohol is metabolized

A

in the liver

23
Q

Enzymes convert alcohol to

A

acetaldehyde then to acetate

24
Q

Variance in enzymes in individuals

A

may cause different reactions to alcohol consumption

25
Q

Chronic drinking causes the liver

A

to metabolize alcohol at a faster rate

26
Q

Absorption of alcohol can be

A

attenuated (weakened) by food

27
Q

Absorption cannot be influenced by:

A
  1. Exercise
  2. Breathing deep
  3. Drinking coffee
  4. Taking other drugs
28
Q

Drinking a significant amount of alcohol quickly

A

can be fatal

29
Q

cirrhosis

A

A disease in
which the liver is
severely damaged
by alcohol, other
toxins, or infection.

30
Q

Liver is the

A

main cleaner of alcohol