1.3 Carbohydrates — disaccharides and polysaccharides Flashcards
What are disaccharides?
Disaccharide is a sugar that is formed by combining two monosaccharides.
How are disaccharides formed?
Condensation of two monosaccharides
What will be formed when condensation reaction happens between two monosaccharides?
A glycosidic bond
What are the examples of disaccharides?
- maltose
- sucrose
- lactose
How is maltose formed?
Condensation of two glucose molecules
How is sucrose formed?
Condensation of a glucose molecules and a fructose molecule
How is lactose formed?
Condensation of a glucose molecule and a galactose molecule
What are polysaccharides?
Polysaccharides are polymers that are formed by combining many monosaccharides.
How are polysaccharides formed?
Condensation of many monosaccharides/glucose units
What will be formed when condensation reaction happens between many monosaccharides?
Glycosidic bonds
What are the examples of polysaccharides?
- starch
- glycogen
- cellulose
Are polysaccharides soluble or insoluble? Why?
Insoluble, because they are very large molecules.
What is used to test for non-reducing sugars?
Hydrolyse the non-reducing sugar into its monosaccharide components by hydrolysis, then use Benedict’s solution.