1.1 Introduction to Biological Molecules

Question 1

What are the types of biological molecules?

Answer 1

1. carbohydrates
2. lipids
3. proteins
4. nucleic acid
   (5. water)

Question 2

What are monomers?

Answer 2

Monomers are the smaller units from which larger molecules are made.

Question 3

What are the examples of monomers?

Answer 3

1. monosaccharides
2. amino acids
3. nucleotides
4. fatty acids
5. glycerol
   (6. water)

Question 4

What are polymers?

Answer 4

Polymers are molecules made from a large number of monomers joined together.

Question 5

What are the examples of polymers?

Answer 5

1. polynucleotides (nucleic acids)
2. polysaccharides (carbohydrates)
3. polypeptides (proteins)
4. phospholipids (lipids)

Question 6

What is condensation?

Answer 6

Condensation is the reaction that joins two molecules together with the formation of a chemical bond and involves the elimination of a water molecule. (縮合)

Question 7

What is hydrolysis?

Answer 7

Hydrolysis is the reaction that breaks a chemical bond between two molecules and involves the use of a water molecule. (水解)