12.1 Models and Phases of EBP

Question 1

Steps of an EBP Project

Answer 1

1 - Identify a problem
2 - Draft a PICO question
3 - Conduct a literature review
4 - Critically appraise the literature
5 - Synthesize the literature
6 - Set forth for EBP recommended action

Question 2

Decision to Practice Change

Answer 2

Change
- Requires use of an EBP model and high-quality appraisal of evidence.

Does appraised evidence support practice change?
- Relevance and strength of evidence
- Consistency of findings across multiple studies and guidelines
- Feasible for use in practice
- Best risk/benefit ratio

Question 3

EBP Standard

Answer 3

• Essential for stakeholders as stake holders need to know that the proposed change is based off evidence.

Key Stakeholders
- Nurse colleagues, nurse EBP/research council, relevant members of the healthcare team, administrators

Feedback from Stakeholders
- What is needed for practice change in your setting
- How will new standard improve patient care
- What modifications are recommended
- Is the content clear or needs reviison
- What is anticipated as being the most challenging with the proposed change.

Question 4

Implementation of Practice Change

Answer 4

• Pilot study is recommended
• Small scale implementation conducted to prelude a full scale implementation.
• This requires champions to foster evidence adoption.

Implementation
- Interaction among the characteristics of the EBP topic, the intended users, and the rate/extent of new practice adoption
- Affected by interpersonal communication and influence among social networks of users

Question 5

Evaluation of Practice Change

Answer 5

• Provides opportunity to collect and analyze data about the use of EBP and modify practices if necessary

Process Measure - Focuses on usability of new guidelines by clinicians
Outcome Data - Assess how well the outcome is (this is why baseline data is collected before a study)