12.1 Anxiety and Mood Disorders Flashcards
avoidance of places or situations from which escape might be difficult, embarrassing, or where help may not be available
may even be homebound
agoraphobia
characterized by recurrent unexpected panic
attacks about which there is persistent concern
discrete episodes of intense anxiety
panic disorder
the __________ nervous system is involved in panic attacks
sympathetic
Persistent fear of circumscribed situations or objects
intense anxiety or even avoidance
specific phobia
the ___________ is decreased in volume in people with chronic anxiety disorders
hippocampus
high levels of cortisol - neurotoxicity.
Excessive anxiety or worry that is out of
proportion to situational factors. Occurs more often than not
generalized anxiety disorder
what is the length of time requirements for a diagnosis of Generalized Anxiety Disorder
6 months, with anxiety more days than not
what are the 4 distinguishing features between pathological anxiety and normal anxiety?
autonomy
intensity (in excess or has no recognizable environmental trigger)
duration (persistent rather than transient)
behavior (avoidance, withdrawal, etc.)
A patient’s mood gravitates in one direction and that is down: ________ __________ (mood disorder)
unipolar depression
_________ ___________: describes a person who can experience both an upswing as well as a downswing in mood (mood disorder)
bipolar depression
In _______ disorders a fluctuation in mood is prolonged or to such an extreme that it becomes debilitating
mood
what is the most powerful risk factor for suicide?
psychiatric illness
most common:
major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder
_________ _________: A depressed mood, experienced more days than not over at least a two year period
longer and less severe
dysthymic disorder
One or more episodes of persistent depressed mood, or a loss of interest or pleasure, for a minimum of two weeks and at least 5 vegetative symptoms is: ________________
major depressive disorder
what is the time minimum for symptoms to persist to be considered “major depressive disorder?”
two weeks
characterize the major vegetative symptoms of depression:
S - decreased sleep I - loss of interest G - guilt E - energy (decreased) C - concentration (changes) A - apetite changes P - psychomotor (slowing) S - suicidal intentions
how many episodes of mania does it take for a diagnosis of bipolar disorder?
one
bipolar disorder type 1 is characterized by ______ manic episode. Does there have to be a depressive episode?
one
no, can be with or without
bipolar disorder type 2 is characterized by one ________ episode and at least one _______________.
hypomanic
episode of major depression
Characterize the major symptoms of mania (using mnemonic)
D - easily distracted
I - indiscretion (things people normally wouldn’t be doing, sex, drugs, etc.)
G - Grandiosity (think they are capable of doing things they really can’t, outside the realm of normal activity)
F - Flight of ideas (thoughts are racing)
A - Activity increased in general
S - Sleep deficit (so much energy, they don’t even need to sleep)
T - Talkativeness (pressured speech)
what is the mnemonic for symptoms of mania?
DIGFAST
what is the mnemonic for vegetative symptoms of depression?
SIGECAPS
agoraphobia can be seen most commonly in two disorders:
PTSD
** panic disorders **
