12.1 Anxiety and Mood Disorders

Question 1

avoidance of places or situations from which escape might be difficult, embarrassing, or where help may not be available
may even be homebound

Answer 1

agoraphobia

Question 2

characterized by recurrent unexpected panic
attacks about which there is persistent concern

discrete episodes of intense anxiety

Answer 2

panic disorder

Question 3

the __________ nervous system is involved in panic attacks

Answer 3

sympathetic

Question 4

Persistent fear of circumscribed situations or objects

intense anxiety or even avoidance

Answer 4

specific phobia

Question 5

the ___________ is decreased in volume in people with chronic anxiety disorders

Answer 5

hippocampus

high levels of cortisol - neurotoxicity.

Question 6

Excessive anxiety or worry that is out of

proportion to situational factors. Occurs more often than not

Answer 6

generalized anxiety disorder

Question 7

what is the length of time requirements for a diagnosis of Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Answer 7

6 months, with anxiety more days than not

Question 8

what are the 4 distinguishing features between pathological anxiety and normal anxiety?

Answer 8

autonomy

intensity (in excess or has no recognizable environmental trigger)

duration (persistent rather than transient)

behavior (avoidance, withdrawal, etc.)

Question 9

A patient’s mood gravitates in one direction and that is down: ________ __________ (mood disorder)

Answer 9

unipolar depression

Question 10

_________ ___________: describes a person who can experience both an upswing as well as a downswing in mood (mood disorder)

Answer 10

bipolar depression

Question 11

In _______ disorders a fluctuation in mood is prolonged or to such an extreme that it becomes debilitating

Answer 11

mood

Question 12

what is the most powerful risk factor for suicide?

Answer 12

psychiatric illness

most common:
major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder

Question 13

_________ _________: A depressed mood, experienced more days than not over at least a two year period

longer and less severe

Answer 13

dysthymic disorder

Question 14

One or more episodes of persistent depressed mood, or a loss of interest or pleasure, for a minimum of two weeks and at least 5 vegetative symptoms is: ________________

Answer 14

major depressive disorder

Question 15

what is the time minimum for symptoms to persist to be considered “major depressive disorder?”

Answer 15

two weeks

Question 16

characterize the major vegetative symptoms of depression:

Answer 16

S - decreased sleep
I - loss of interest
G - guilt
E - energy (decreased)
C - concentration (changes)
A - apetite changes
P - psychomotor (slowing)
S - suicidal intentions

Question 17

how many episodes of mania does it take for a diagnosis of bipolar disorder?

Answer 17

one

Question 18

bipolar disorder type 1 is characterized by ______ manic episode. Does there have to be a depressive episode?

Answer 18

one

no, can be with or without

Question 19

bipolar disorder type 2 is characterized by one ________ episode and at least one _______________.

Answer 19

hypomanic

episode of major depression

Question 20

Characterize the major symptoms of mania (using mnemonic)

Answer 20

D - easily distracted
I - indiscretion (things people normally wouldn’t be doing, sex, drugs, etc.)
G - Grandiosity (think they are capable of doing things they really can’t, outside the realm of normal activity)
F - Flight of ideas (thoughts are racing)
A - Activity increased in general
S - Sleep deficit (so much energy, they don’t even need to sleep)
T - Talkativeness (pressured speech)

Question 21

what is the mnemonic for symptoms of mania?

Answer 21

DIGFAST

Question 22

what is the mnemonic for vegetative symptoms of depression?

Answer 22

SIGECAPS

Question 23

agoraphobia can be seen most commonly in two disorders:

Answer 23

PTSD

** panic disorders **