11.5 Schizophrenia Flashcards
schizophrenia gets ______ over time
worse
the ________ symptoms of schizophrenia may have a greater functional impact and are more difficult to treat
negative
what are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
hallucinations or delusions
visual hallucinations in schizophrenia appear ______ sized and persist with the eyes _______________.
regular
open or closed
firmly held beliefs, despite evidence on the contrary, that others do not find credible or that are not shared by others
delusions
what are the three types of schizophrenia?
paranoid type
disorganized type
catatonic type
the __________ type of schizophrenia usually has less negative symptoms and thus a better prognosis over time
paranoid
_________ type of schizophrenia has disturbance in motor function
catatonic type
the type of schizophrenia that has a regression to primitive, disinhibited, unorganized behaviors
active but in an aimless manner
disorganized type
what is waxy flexibility? where do you see this?
when you put someone into a position, they stay there
catatonic type schizophrenia
what is the most common age for onset of schizophrenia?
in adolescence, before the age of 25
what are easier to treat in schizophrenia? the positive or negative symptoms? why?
the positive symptoms
we do not have good drugs to target the negative symptoms
in macroscopic examination of patients with schizophrenia, there are enlarged __________
ventricles
in schizophrenia, there are volume reductions and decreased blood flow to _______________ cortex
prefrontal/orbitofrontal
In schizophrenia, there is reduced volume in what part of the thalamus?
DM nucleus
in schizophrenia patients, there is progressive loss of gray matter in front-_________ areas
temporal
an increase in what NT is characterized in schizophrenia?
domapine
in schizophrenic patients, there seems to be an increase in _______ interactions at _____ receptors in the frontal cortex and basal ganglia
dopamine
D2
what are the two major types of drugs for antipsychotics?
typical and atypical
atypical antipsychotics are better at treating what types of schizophrenia symptoms?
positive AND negative
typical antipsychotics are better at treating what types of schizophrenia symptoms?
positive
which one has more extrapyramidal side effects? atypical/typical antipsychotics
atypical
Fluphenazine
what is it used for?
mechanism of action
side effects
psychosis (eg. Schizophrenia)
Antagonist at dopamine D2, D4, D1, adrenergic α1, serotonin 5-HT2, histamine H1, muscarinic receptors
extrapyramidal effects, sedation, lactation, hypotension
Haloperidol
what is it used for?
mechanism of action
side effects
psychosis (eg. Schizophrenia)
Antagonist at dopamine D2, D4, D1, adrenergic α1, serotonin 5-HT2, histamine H1
extrapyramidal effects, sedation, lactation, hypotension
