1200 Flashcards
ornate
/ɔːrˈneɪt/
having a lot of complicated decoration
Trang trí công phu, trang sức lộng lẫy.
Ví dụ:
a room with an ornate ceiling and gold mirrors
This style is a little too ornate for my taste.
ostrich
/ˈɔːstrɪtʃ/
a very large bird from Africa that cannot fly
(Động vật học) Đà điểu Châu phi
Ví dụ:
The ostrich is the fastest animal on two legs
outer
/ˈaʊtər/
on the outside of something
[synonym] external
Ở phía ngoài, ở xa hơn
Ví dụ:
the outer space — vũ trụ, khoảng không ngoài quyển khíthe outer world — thế giới vật chất bên ngoài, xã hội bên ngoài
outlet
/outlet/
(business) a shop/store or an organization that sells goods made by a particular company or of a particular type
cửa hàng tiêu thụ, cửa hàng đại lý (của một hãng).
Ví dụ:
The business has 34 retail outlets in this state alone.
a fast-food outleta retail outlet
outweigh
/ˌaʊtˈweɪ/
to be greater or more important than something
Có nhiều tác dụng hơn, có nhiều giá trị hơn, có nhiều ảnh hưởng hơn
Ví dụ:
The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.
The benefits would surely far outweigh the risks.
overcome
/ˌoʊvərˈkʌm/
to succeed in dealing with or controlling a problem that has been preventing you from achieving something
vượt qua, chiến thắng
Ví dụ:
She overcame injury to win the Olympic gold medal.
Eventually she managed to overcome her shyness in class.
overdo
/ˌoʊvərˈduː/
to do something too much; to exaggerate something
Làm quá trớn, làm quá
Làm mất tác dụng vì quá cường điệu, cường điệu hoá hỏng.
Nấu quá nhừ.
Ví dụ:
Don’t overdo the salt in the food.
Use illustrations where appropriate but don’t overdo it.
overeating
/ˌoʊvərˈiːtɪŋ/
the act of eating more than you need or more than is healthy
Ăn quá nhiều, ăn quá mức.
Ví dụ:
She went through periods of compulsive overeating
overgrazing
/ˌəʊ. vəˈɡreɪ. zɪŋ/
a situation in which there are too many cows or other animals eating grass in an area, which damages the environment
Chăn thả quá mức
Ví dụ:
Another problem is erosion of stream banks caused by overgrazing
overlook
/ˌoʊvərˈlʊk/
to fail to notice or consider something or someone
Không nhận thấy, không chú ý tới.
Ví dụ:
He seems to have overlooked one important fact.
In my hurry to finish the exam I had overlooked part of one of the questions.
overpopulation
/ˌoʊvərˌpɑːpjuˈleɪʃn/
the fact of a country or city having too many people living in it
Sự đông dân quá mức
Ví dụ:
the problems of overpopulation
overpriced
/ˌoʊvərˈpraɪst/
too expensive; costing more than it is worth
có giá cao quá mức
Ví dụ:
These shoes are very nice, but they’re really overpriced
ridiculously overpriced designer clothes
overprotective
/ˌoʊvərprəˈtektɪv/
wishing to protect someone, especially a child, too much
Bảo vệ quá mức cần thiết.
Ví dụ:
overprotective parents
The children of overprotective parents often do not develop the skills they need to take care of themselves when they leave home.
overriding
/ˌoʊvərˈraɪdɪŋ/
more important than anything else in a particular situation
Quan trọng hơn bất cứ nhận định nào khác
Ví dụ:
the overriding factor/consideration/concern
Their overriding aim was to keep costs low.
Time was of overriding importance.
overseas
/ˌoʊvərˈsiːz/
in, from, or to other countries
ngoài nước, hải ngoại
Ví dụ:
There are a lot of overseas students studying at our college.
My brother is a student overseas.
Many more people go/travel/live/work overseas these days.
overtime
/ˈoʊvərtaɪm/
time that you spend working at your job after you have worked the normal hours
Giờ làm thêm
Ví dụ:
They’re doing/working overtime to get the job done on time
Everyone is on overtime (= being paid extra for working after the usual time) this weekend.
overweight
/ˌoʊvərˈweɪt/
(of people) too heavy and fat
[opposite] underweight
(Từ mỹ,nghĩa mỹ) Béo quá.
Ví dụ:
She was only a few pounds overweight
overwhelmed
/ˌoʊvərˈwelm/
to give too much of a thing to a person
giao cho ai đó quá nhiều việc, làm quá tải ai đó
Ví dụ:
We were overwhelmed by requests for information.
pace
/peɪs/
the speed at which someone or something moves, or with which something happens or changes
Bước chân, bước
Bước đi; nhịp đi; tốc độ đi, tốc độ chạy.
Nhịp độ tiến triển, tốc độ tiến triển.
Ví dụ:
a slow/fast pace
When she thought she heard someone following her, she quickened her pace.
Could you slow down - I can’t keep pace with (= walk or run as fast as) you.
packaging
/ˈpækɪdʒɪŋ/
materials used to wrap or protect goods that are sold in shops/stores
bao bì
Ví dụ:
Attractive packaging can help to sell products
paddock
/ˈpædək/
a field of any size that is used for farming
Mảnh ruộng, mảnh đất
–
painkiller
/ˈpeɪnkɪlər/
a drug that reduces pain
thuốc giảm đau
Ví dụ:
The body produces chemicals that are natural painkillers
She’s on (= taking) painkillers.
painting
/ˈpeɪntɪŋ/
a picture made using paint
the act or art of using paint to produce pictures
Hội hoạ.
Bức vẽ, bức tranh.
Ví dụ:
The walls are covered in oil paintings.
Her hobbies include music and painting.
palm
/pɑːm/
a tree that grows in hot countries and has a tall trunk with a mass of long pointed leaves at the top
(Thực vật học) Cây cọ, cây họ cau dừa
Ví dụ:
date palms
palm fronds
The island has long golden beaches fringed by palm trees.
paparazzi
/ˌpæpəˈrætsi/
the photographers who follow famous people everywhere they go in order to take photographs of them for newspapers and magazines
những tay săn ảnh chuyên theo dõi người nổi tiếng để chụp ảnh bán lại cho báo chí
–
paradise
/ˈpærədaɪs/
a place or condition of great happiness where everything is exactly as you would like it to be
Thiên đường, nơi cực lạc
Ví dụ:
a tropical paradise
His idea of paradise is to spend the day lying on the beach.
This mall is a shopper’s paradise.
parent
/ˈperənt/
a person’s father or mother
Cha; mẹ
Ví dụ:
He’s still living with his parents.
her adoptive parents
Sue and Ben have recently become parents.
It can be difficult to be a good parent.
parental
/pəˈrentl/
connected with a parent or parents
(Thuộc) Cha mẹ
(Liên quan đến) cha mẹ
Ví dụ:
parental responsibility/rights
parental choice in education
parental advice/influenceThe government repeatedly stressed its support for parental choice in the selection of a child’s school.
partial
/ˈpɑːrʃl/
not complete or whole
Bộ phận; cục bộ, một phần, bán phần
Ví dụ:
It was only a partial solution to the problem.
a partial eclipse of the sun
particular
/pərˈtɪkjələr/
used to emphasize that you are referring to a specific person, thing or type of thing and not others
cụ thể, đặc biệt, đặc thù
Ví dụ:
There is one particular patient I’d like you to see.
Is there a particular type of book he enjoys?
particularly
/pərˈtɪkjələrli/
especially, or more than usual
Đặc biệt là, nhất là, cụ thể là.
Ví dụ:
Traffic is bad, particularly in the city centre
pass
/pæs/
[law/proposal]to accept a proposal, law, etc
by voting
Phê duyệt, thông qua, chấp nhận (dự luật, đề xuất)
Ví dụ:
The bill was passed by 360 votes to 280
The government passed a law to restrict the sale of guns
The food supplement had been passed as safe for human consumption.
passenger
/ˈpæsɪndʒər/
a person who is travelling in a vehicle but is not driving it, flying it, or working on it
Hành khách (đi tàu xe
)
Ví dụ:
airline/rail/train/car passengers
pastureland
/ˈpæstʃərlænd/
land where animals can feed on grass
đất để trồng cỏ chăn thả gia súc
Ví dụ:
To raise one cow requires an acre of rich pastureland
patent
/ˈpætnt/
an official right to be the only person to make, use or sell a product or an invention; a document that proves this
Bằng sáng chế
đặc quyền chế tạo, đặc quyền phân phối một phát minh, một sản phẩm nào đó
Ví dụ:
In 1880 Alexander Graham Bell was granted a patent on an apparatus for signalling and communicating called a Photophone.
to apply for/obtain a patent on an inventionThe device was protected by patent.
pattern
/ˈpætərn/
any regularly repeated arrangement, especially a design made from repeated lines, shapes, or colours on a surface
Mẫu vẽ, họa tiết lặp đi lặp lại (trên vải, hảm, rèm che cửa
).
Ví dụ:
Look, the frost has made a beautiful pattern on the window.
The curtains had a floral pattern.
paw
/pɔː/
the foot of an animal that has claws or nails, such as a cat, dog, or bear
chân (có vuốt của mèo, hổ
)
Ví dụ:
I found paw prints in the kitchen
pawnbroker
/ˈpɔːnbroʊkər/
a person who lends money in exchange for objects that he or she can sell if the person leaving the objects does not pay an agreed amount of money in an agreed time
Chủ hiệu cầm đồ
Ví dụ:
at the pawnbroker’s — đang đem cầm, đang ở hiệu cầm đồ (đồ)
pawnshop
/ˈpɔːnʃɑːp/
a shop where a pawnbroker operates his or her business
Hiệu cầm đồ
–
peaceful
/ˈpiːsfl/
quiet and calm
yên ổn, thanh bình
Ví dụ:
a peaceful afternoon/place
peak
/piːk/
the highest, strongest, or best point, value
đỉnh cao nhất, tột đỉnh, cao điểm
Ví dụ:
Prices reach a peak during August
peer
/pɪr/
a person who is the same age or who has the same social status as you
Người cùng tuổi, cùng địa vị xã hội, người ngang hàng, người tương đương.
Ví dụ:
Do you think it’s true that teenage girls are less self-confident than their male peers?
He wasn’t a great scholar, but as a teacher he had few peers (= not as many people had the same ability as him).
pejorative
/pɪˈdʒɑːrətɪv/
expressing disapproval, or suggesting that something is not good or is of no importance
Có nghĩa xấu (từ), có nghĩa phê phán
Ví dụ:
Make sure students realize that “fat” is a pejorative word.
I’m using the word ‘academic’ here in a pejorative sense.
perceive
/pərˈsiːv/
to notice or become aware of something
Thấy, trông thấy; nghe thấy, cảm thấy, ngửi thấy
Ví dụ:
perceive something in his behaviour.
She perceived that all was not well.
performer
/pərˈfɔːrmər/
a person who entertains people by acting, singing, dancing, or playing music
Người biểu diễn
Ví dụ:
He’s a brilliant performer
performing arts
/pɚˌfɔːr. mɪŋ ˈɑːrts/
arts such as music, dance, and drama that are performed for an audience
Nghệ thuật biểu diễn (sử dụng cơ thể, tiếng nói và sự có mặt của chính nghệ sĩ làm phương tiện trình diễn trước công chúng)
Ví dụ:
Performing arts may include dance, music, opera, theatre and musical theatre, magic, illusion, mime, spoken word, puppetry, circus arts, performance art, recitation and public speaking
There is also a specialized form of fine art, in which the artists perform their work live to an audience
period
/ˈpɪriəd/
a length of time
thời kỳ, giai đoạn, thời gian.
Ví dụ:
Her work means that she spends long periods away from home.
Unemployment in the first half of the year was 2
5 percent lower than in the same period the year before.
perish
/ˈperɪʃ/
to die, especially in an accident or by being killed, or to be destroyed
Diệt vong; chết; bỏ mạng, bỏ mình.
Tàn lụi, héo rụi; hỏng đi.
Ví dụ:
Three hundred people perished in the earthquake.
He believes that Europe must create closer ties or it will perish.
perishable
/ˈperɪʃəbl/
(especially of food) likely to decay or go bad quickly
Dễ thối, dễ hỏng (rau, hoa quả
)
Ví dụ:
perishable goods/foods
Many fresh foods are highly perishable.
It’s important to store perishable food in a cool place.
perk
/pɜːrk/
[usually plural] something you receive as well as your wages for doing a particular job
Bổng lộc, tiền thù lao thêm.
Vật hưởng thừa.
Ví dụ:
Perks offered by the firm include a car and free health insurance.
A company car and a mobile phone are some of the perks that come with the job.
(figurative) Not having to get up early is just one of the perks of being retired.
perpetrate
/ˈpɜːrpətreɪt/
to commit a crime or do something wrong or evil
Phạm, gây ra
Ví dụ:
to perpetrate a crime/fraud/massacre
In this country, half of all violent crime is perpetrated by people who have been drinking alcohol.
perquisite
/ˈpɜːrkwɪzɪt/
formal form of “perks”
dạng đầy đủ của từ “perks”
Ví dụ:
The perquisites of this job include health insurance and a performance bonus
persevere
/ˌpɜːrsəˈvɪr/
to continue trying to do or achieve something despite difficulties
(+ in, with) Kiên nhẫn, kiên trì; bền gan, bền chí.
Ví dụ:
Despite a number of setbacks, they persevered in their attempts to fly around the world in a balloon
She persevered with her violin lessons.
persistent
/pərˈsɪstənt/
lasting for a long time or difficult to get rid of
Dai dẳng, mãi không khỏi.
Ví dụ:
Symptoms of the illness include a high temperature and a persistent dry cough
personality
/ˌpɜːrsəˈnæləti/
a famous person
Nhân vật, người nổi tiếng (nhất là trong giới văn nghệ, giới thể thao)
Ví dụ:
The show is hosted by a popular TV personality.
persuade
/pərˈsweɪd/
to make somebody do something by giving them good reasons for doing it
Làm cho tin; thuyết phục.
Ví dụ:
If she doesn’t want to go, nothing you can say will persuade her.
He is trying to persuade local and foreign businesses to invest in the project.
pervasive
/pərˈveɪsɪv/
existing in all parts of a place or thing; spreading gradually to affect all parts of a place or thing
Toả khắp.
Lan tràn khắp, thâm nhập khắp.
Ví dụ:
The influence of Freud is pervasive in her books.
a pervasive smell of diesel
Reforms are being undermined by the all-pervasive corruption in the country.
pessimist
/ˈpesɪmɪst/
a person who always expects bad things to happen
(người bi quan)
Ví dụ:
A pessimist looks at the glass and says its half empty.
pessimistic
/ˌpesɪˈmɪstɪk/
thinking that bad things are more likely to happen or emphasizing the bad part of a situation
(bi quan, sầu não)
Ví dụ:
The doctors are pessimistic (= not hopeful) about his chances of recovery.
pest
/pest/
an insect or animal that destroys plants, food, etc
động vật, côn trùng làm hại mùa màng
Ví dụ:
pest control
common pests such as rats, mice, or cockroaches
pesticide
/ˈpestɪsaɪd/
a chemical used for killing pests, especially insects
Thuốc trừ vật hại (sâu chuột làm hại hoa màu)
Ví dụ:
vegetables grown without the use of pesticides
crops sprayed with pesticide
petal
/ˈpetl/
any of the usually brightly coloured parts that together form most of a flower
(Thực vật học) Cánh hoa
Ví dụ:
rose petals
petrol
/ˈpetrəl/
a liquid obtained from petroleum, used as fuel in car engines, etc
xăng
Ví dụ:
to fill a car up with petrol
to run out of petrol
the petrol tank of a car
an increase in petrol prices
pharmacist
/ˈfɑːrməsɪst/
a person who is trained to prepare and give out medicines in a hospital or shop
dược sĩ
Ví dụ:
We had to wait for the pharmacist to make up her prescription
phase
/feɪz/
a stage in a process of change or development
thời kỳ (phát triển, biến đổi).
Ví dụ:
he project is only in its initial phase as yet, but it’s looking quite promising.
We’re entering a new phase in international relations.
PhD
/ˌpiː eɪtʃ ˈdiː/
the abbreviation for ‘Doctor of Philosophy’
bằng tiến sĩ, học vị tiến sĩ
Ví dụ:
a PhD student/thesis
Susannah has a PhD in Italian literature.
She’s a PhD.
phenomena
/fəˈnɑːmɪnə/
the plural form of “phenomenon”
(các) hiện tượng
Ví dụ:
cultural/natural/social phenomena
Early retirement is a relatively new phenomenon in Britain.
phenomenon
/fəˈnɑːmɪnən/
something that exists and can be seen, felt, tasted, etc
, especially something unusual or interesting
Hiện tượng
Ví dụ:
Gravity is a natural phenomenon.
physical
/ˈfɪzɪkl/
relating to the body
(Thuộc) Thân thể, (thuộc) cơ thể, của thân thể.
Ví dụ:
physical exercise/fitness/strength/disabilities
I’m not a very physical sort of person (= I don’t enjoy physical activities).
physician
/fɪˈzɪʃn/
a doctor, especially one who is a specialist in general medicine and not surgery
Thầy thuốc
–
pickpocket
/ˈpɪkpɑːkɪt/
a person who steals money, etc
from other people’s pockets, especially in crowded places
Kẻ móc túi
Ví dụ:
Watch out for pickpockets, especially at the train station
pilot
/ˈpaɪlət/
a person who operates the controls of an aircraft, especially as a job
(Hàng không) Người lái (máy bay), phi công
Ví dụ:
an airline pilot
a fighter pilot
The accident was caused by pilot error.
pine
/paɪn/
an evergreen forest tree with leaves like needles
(Thực vật học) Cây thông.
Ví dụ:
pine forests
pine needles
pioneer
/ˌpaɪəˈnɪr/
a person who is one of the first people to do something
Người đi tiên phong, người đi đầu (trong một công cuộc gì); nhà thám hiểm đầu tiên
Ví dụ:
one of the pioneers of modern science
a pioneer in the field of microsurgery
plague
/pleɪɡ/
to cause pain or trouble to somebody/something over a period of time
[synonym] trouble
Gây bệnh dịch cho
Gây tai hoạ cho, gây tai hại cho, gây tệ hại cho
Ví dụ:
Financial problems have been plaguing their new business partners.
My shoulder’s been plaguing me all week.
plait
/plæt/
to twist three or more long pieces of hair, rope, etc
together to make one long piece
Tết, bện
Ví dụ:
She plaited the horse’s tail.
a plaited leather bracelet/belt
plant
/plænt/
a factory or place where power is produced or an industrial process takes place
nhà máy
Ví dụ:
a nuclear reprocessing plant
Japanese car plants
a chemical plant
platform
/ˈplætfɔːrm/
a flat raised area or structure
Nền, bục, bệ
–
play
/pleɪ/
a piece of writing that is intended to be acted in a theatre or on radio or television
Kịch, vở kịch, vở tuồng
Ví dụ:
a radio play
“Did you see the play (= the performance of the play) on Thursday?” “No, I went on Wednesday night
“
plough
/plaʊ/
to dig and turn over a field or other area of land witha large farming tool
Cày (một thửa ruộng, một luống cày).
Xới (một đường).
Ví dụ:
Farmers start ploughing in the spring.
We’re going to plough the top field next week.
Large areas of grazing land have been ploughed up to grow wheat.
poach
/poʊtʃ/
to catch and kill animals without permission on someone else’s land
Săn trộm, câu trộm
Ví dụ:
The farmer claimed that he shot the men because they were poaching on his land
to poach hares — săn trộm thỏ rừng
poacher
/ˈpoʊtʃər/
someone who catches and kills animals illegally
Người săn trộm, người câu trộm
Ví dụ:
The measures are designed to protect the fish from poachers
pocket money
/ˈpɑːkɪt mʌni/
(especially British English) (also [allowance] especially in North American English)
a small amount of money that parents give their children, usually every week or every month
tiền bỏ túi, tiền tiêu vặt
Ví dụ:
My dad gives me £5 a week pocket money
pointless
/ˈpɔɪntləs/
having no purpose; not worth doing
vô nghĩa, vô dụng
Ví dụ:
We searched until we knew it would be pointless to continue.
Trying to foresee the future is a pointless exercise.
poisonous
/ˈpɔɪzənəs/
causing death or illness if swallowed or absorbed into the body
[synonym] toxic
Độc, có chất độc
Ví dụ:
poisonous chemicals/plants
This gas is highly poisonous.
The leaves of certain trees are poisonous to cattle.
polar bear
/ˈpoʊlər ber/
a white bear that lives near the North Pole
gấu trắng (sống gần Bắc Cực)
–
pole
/poʊl/
a long, thin stick of wood or metal, often used standing straight up in the ground to support things
cột, sào, cọc chống
Ví dụ:
a telegraph/electricity pole
A flag fluttered from a 40-foot pole.
pollutant
/pəˈluːtənt/
a substance that pollutes something, especially air and water
Chất gây ô nhiễm (do xe cộ, động cơ thải ra)
Ví dụ:
Sulphur dioxide is one of several pollutants that are released into the atmosphere by coal-fired power stations
pollute
/pəˈluːt/
to add dirty or harmful substances to land, air, water, etc
so that it is no longer pleasant or safe to use
làm ô nhiễm, gây nhiễm bẩn (nguồn nước, bầu không khí,
)
Ví dụ:
the exhaust fumes that are polluting our cities
The river has been polluted with toxic waste from local factories.
pollution
/pəˈluːʃn/
the process of making air, water, soil, etc
dirty; the state of being dirty
sự ô nhiễm
Ví dụ:
air/water pollution
to reduce levels of environmental pollution
pomelo
/ˈpɑːməloʊ/
a fruit similar to a grapefruit but larger and sweeter, with pale green or yellow skin and white flesh
Quả bưởi
–
pond
/pɑːnd/
a small area of still water, especially one that is artificial
ao
Ví dụ:
a fish pond
ponder
/ˈpɑːndər/
to think about something carefully for a period of time
synonym consider
suy nghĩ,cân nhắc.
Ví dụ:
She sat back for a minute to ponder her next move in the game
We intend to ponder all the alternatives before acting
They are pondering whether the money could be better used elsewhere
‘I wonder why,’ she pondered aloud.
portable
/ˈpɔːrtəbl/
that is easy to carry or to move
Có thể mang theo, xách tay
Di động.
Ví dụ:
a portable TV
The equipment is lightweight, portable and easy to store.
portion
/ˈpɔːrʃn/
an amount of food that is large enough for one person
Phần, phần chia
Phần thức ăn (đựng ở đĩa đem lên cho khách, ở quán ăn).
Ví dụ:
She cut the cake into six small portions.
You should eat several portions of fruit a day.
portrait
/ˈpɔːrtrət/
a painting, photograph, drawing, etc
of a person or, less commonly, of a group of people
Chân dung, ảnh
Ví dụ:
She’s commissioned an artist to paint her portrait/paint a portrait of her.
He had his portrait painted in uniform.
possibility
/ˌpɑːsəˈbɪləti/
a chance that something may happen or be true
Sự có thể, tình trạng có thể, khả năng
Ví dụ:
It’s not likely to happen but I wouldn’t rule out the possibility.
The forecast said that there’s a possibility of snow tonight.
post
/poʊst/
a vertical stick or pole stuck into the ground, usually to support something or show a position
Cột trụ.
Ví dụ:
corner posts (= that mark the corners of a sports field)
The team’s ‘net’ was a piece of string tied to two posts.
postgraduate
/ˌpoʊstˈɡrædʒuət/
a student who has already received one degree and is studying at a university for a more advanced degree
Nghiên cứu sinh (người đang học sau đại học).
Ví dụ:
postgraduate students
a postgraduate course
postwar
/ˈpoʊst. wɔːr/
happening or existing in the period after a war, especially the First or Second World War
Hậu chiến; tồn tại sau chiến tranh, xảy ra sau chiến tranh
Ví dụ:
the postwar period of economic expansion — thời kỳ khuếch trương kinh tế sau chiến tranhpostwar developments in industry — những phát triển về công nghiệp thời hậu chiến
