1100 Flashcards
meteor
/ˈmiːtiər/
a piece of rock or other matter from space that produces a bright light as it travels through the atmosphere
Sao sa, sao băng
Ví dụ:
a meteor shower
meteoric
/ˌmiːtiˈɔːrɪk/
relating to or caused by a meteor
(Thuộc) Sao băng, như sao băng.
Ví dụ:
The sudden flash of light in the night sky was caused by a meteoric fireball
meteoric craters
microwave
/ˈmaɪkrəweɪv/
a type of oven that cooks or heats food very quickly using electromagnetic waves rather than heat
lò vi sóng
Ví dụ:
Reheat the soup in the microwave.
microwave cookery/meals
migrate
/ˈmaɪɡreɪt/
(of a lot of people) to move from one town, country, etc
to go and live and/or work in another
Di trú, di cư; ra nước ngoài.
Ví dụ:
Thousands were forced to migrate from rural to urban areas in search of work.
Mexican farm workers migrate into the US each year to find work at harvest time.
milestone
/ˈmaɪlstoʊn/
an important event in the development or history of something or in someone’s life
(Nghĩa bóng) Sự kiện quan trọng, mốc lịch sử, giai đoạn quan trọng (trong đời ai).
Ví dụ:
She felt that moving out of her parents’ home was a real milestone in her life.
Today we have passed another milestone on the road towards peace.
millennia
/mɪˈleniə/
plural form of “millennium”
dạng số nhiều của “millennium”
Ví dụ:
For millennia, it was accepted that the earth was at the centre of the universe
The book is a history of the last two millennia.
millennium
/mɪˈleniəm/
a period of 1 000 years
Thiên niên kỷ, nghìn năm, mười thế kỷ.
Ví dụ:
Imagine what the world will be like at the end of the next millennium
mimic
/ˈmɪmɪk/
to copy the way in which a particular person usually speaks and moves, usually in order to make people laugh
Nhại (ai)
Bắt chước.
Ví dụ:
She’s always mimicking the teachers.
He mimicked her southern accent.
minor
/ˈmaɪnər/
not very large, important or serious
Nhỏ nhặt, không quan trọng, thứ yếu
Ví dụ:
It’s only a minor problem
There’s been an increase in minor offences, such as traffic violations and petty theft
She suffered only minor injuries
It requires a few minor adjustments.
minute
/maɪˈnuːt/
extremely small
Nhỏ, vụn vặt.
Kỹ lưỡng, chi ly, cặn kẽ, tỉ mỉ.
Ví dụ:
a minute amount/quantity
I’ve never seen a man with such tiny hands - they’re minute!
The documentary showed an eye operation in minute detail (= showing every small detail).
missile
/ˈmɪsl/
a weapon that is sent through the air and that explodes when it hits the thing that it is aimed at
Tên lửa.
Ví dụ:
nuclear missiles
Missile attacks on the capital resumed at dawn.
mixed
/mɪkst/
schoolsfor both males and females
trường cho cả nam lẫn nữ
Ví dụ:
Our children go to a mixed school
model
/ˈmɑːdl/
to create a copy of an activity, a situation, etc
so that you can study it before dealing with the real thing
[synonym] simulate
mô phỏng, bắt chước
Ví dụ:
The program can model a typical home page for you
The whole car can be modelled on a computer before a single component is made.
moderate
/ˈmɑːdərət/
neither small nor large in size, amount, degree, or strength
Vừa phải; phải chăng, có mức độ; điều độ.
Ôn hoà, không quá khích.
Ví dụ:
students of moderate ability
Even moderate amounts of the drug can be fatal.
The team enjoyed only moderate success last season.
Cook over a moderate heat.
modern
/ˈmɑːdərn/
designed and made using the most recent ideas and methods:
Hiện đại
Ví dụ:
One by one the old buildings in the city have been demolished and replaced with modern tower blocks.
Space travel is one of the marvels/wonders of modern science.
modernization
/ˌmɑːdərnəˈzeɪʃn/
the process of making a system, methods, etc
more modern and more suitable for use at the present time
Sự hiện đại hoá; sự đổi mới
Ví dụ:
The modernization of the 100-year-old sewage and water systems will cost millions of pounds.
The property is basically sound, but in need of modernization.
modify
/ˈmɑːdɪfaɪ/
to change something slightly, especially in order to make it more suitable for a particular purpose
[synonym] adapt
Sửa đổi, thay đổi
Ví dụ:
The software we use has been modified for us.
Patients are taught how to modify their diet.
We found it cheaper to modify existing equipment rather than buy new.
monitor
/ˈmɑːnɪtər/
a computer screen or a device with a screen on which words or pictures can be shown
màn hình
Ví dụ:
a computer monitor
a TV monitor
Doctors watched the old man’s heartbeat on a monitor.
monopoly
/məˈnɑːpəli/
(an organization or group that has) complete control of something, especially an area of business, so that others have no share
sự độc quyền trong kinh doanh, cung cấp dịch vụ
Ví dụ:
In the past central government had a monopoly on television broadcasting.
Electricity, gas and water were considered to be natural monopolies.
monotonous
/məˈnɑːtənəs/
never changing and therefore boring
[synonym] dull, repetitious
Đều đều, đơn điệu; buồn tẻ
Ví dụ:
a monotonous joba monotonous voiceThe music became monotonous after a while.
mood
/muːd/
the way you feel at a particular time
Tâm trạng
Ví dụ:
She’s in a good/bad mood.
Her mood seemed to change during the course of the conversation.
moon
/muːn/
the round object that moves in the sky around the earth and can be seen at night
Mặt trăng
Ví dụ:
Neil Armstrong was the first person to set foot on the surface of the moon
With a good telescope, you can see craters on the moon.
motherhood
/ˈmʌðərhʊd/
the state or time of being a mother
việc làm mẹ, cương vị làm mẹ, thời gian làm mẹ
Ví dụ:
Motherhood suits her.
She’s struggling to combine motherhood and a career as a lawyer.
motive
/ˈmoʊtɪv/
a reason for doing something
Cớ, lý do, động cơ (của một hành động)
Ví dụ:
Why would she have killed him? She has no motive.
Does he have a motive for lying about where he was?
What is the motive behind (= the reason for) the bombing?
I think you should examine/question their motives in offering to lend you the money.
mount
/maʊnt/
to gradually increase, rise, or get bigger
Tăng lên
Ví dụ:
The children’s excitement is mounting as Christmas gets nearer
Pressure is mounting on the government to change the law.
mountainous
/ˈmaʊntənəs/
(of an area) having a lot of mountains
(khu vực) nhiều đồi núi
Ví dụ:
a mountainous region
multicultural
/ˌmʌltiˈkʌltʃərəl/
for or including people of several different races, religions, languages and traditions
đa văn hoá khác nhau
Ví dụ:
We live in a multicultural society.
a multicultural approach to education
multiculturalism
/ˌmʌltiˈkʌltʃərəlɪzəm/
the belief that different cultures within a society should all be given importance
sự đa văn hoá, sự khuyến khích đa văn hoá
–
multinational
/ˌmʌltiˈnæʃnəl/
(of a business) producing and selling goods in several different countries
(Công ty) đa quốc gia (kinh doanh ở nhiều nước khác nhau)
Ví dụ:
a major multinational food company
mundane
/mʌnˈdeɪn/
very ordinary and therefore not interesting
tầm thường, bình thường, không có gì đặc sắc
Ví dụ:
Mundane matters such as paying bills and shopping for food do not interest her
On a more mundane level, can we talk about the timetable for next week?
murder
/ˈmɜːrdər/
the crime of killing somebody deliberately
[synonym] homicide
Tội giết người, tội ám sát
Ví dụ:
He was found guilty of murder.
She has been charged with the attempted murder of her husband.
to commit (a) murder
murderer
/ˈmɜːrdərər/
a person who has killed somebody deliberately and illegally
[synonym] killer
Kẻ giết người
Ví dụ:
a convicted murderer
a mass murderer (= who has killed a lot of people)
muscle
/ˈmʌsl/
one of many tissues in the body that can tighten and relax to produce movement
Cơ bắp
(Nghĩa bóng) Sức lực.
Ví dụ:
This exercise will work the muscles of the lower back.
She tried to relax her tense muscles.
musician
/mjuˈzɪʃn/
someone who is skilled in playing music, usually as a job
nhạc công
Ví dụ:
The concert features dancers and musicians of all nationalities
The famous jazz musician, Duke Ellington, was a composer, arranger and pianist.
myth
/mɪθ/
something that many people believe but that does not exist or is false
[synonym] fallacy
một điều được tin rộng rãi, nhưng không có cơ sở khoa học
Ví dụ:
Contrary to popular myth, women are not worse drivers than men
Statistics disprove the myth that women are worse drivers than men.
narrate
/ˈnæreɪt/
to tell a story, often by reading aloud from a text, or to describe events as they happen
Kể lại, thuật lại
Ví dụ:
Documentaries are often narrated by well-known actors.
One by one the witnesses narrated the sequence of events which led up to the disaster.
narrative
/ˈnærətɪv/
a story or a description of a series of events
[synonym] story
Chuyện kể, bài tường thuật
Ví dụ:
a gripping narrative of their journey up the Amazon
It’s a moving narrative of wartime adventure
a first-person/third-person narrativea gripping/compelling narrative
narrow
/ˈner. oʊ/
to make a number or list of things smaller, by removing the things that are least important, necessary, or suitable
thu hẹp danh sách (bằng cách loại bỏ những thứ không quan trọng, không phù hợp)
Ví dụ:
We narrowed the list of candidates down from ten to three
nascent
/ˈnæsnt/
beginning to exist; not yet fully developed
Mới sinh, mới mọc, còn non trẻ
Ví dụ:
a nascent industry
a nascent democracy
nation
/ˈneɪʃn/
a country
Dân tộc.
Nước, quốc gia.
Ví dụ:
All the nations of the world will be represented at the conference.
The Germans, as a nation, are often thought to be well organized.
Practically the whole nation watched the ceremony on television.
national
/ˈnæʃnəl/
relating to or typical of a whole country and its people, rather than to part of that country or to other countries
(Thuộc) Dân tộc.
(Thuộc) Quốc gia.
Ví dụ:
a national holiday
Britain has more than ten national newspapers.
The company’s national headquarters is in Rome.
The children were wearing traditional national costume/dress.
nationality
/ˌnæʃəˈnæləti/
the official right to belong to a particular country
Quốc tịch
Ví dụ:
She has British nationality.
What nationality are you?
All applicants will be considered regardless of age, sex, religion or nationality.
She has dual nationality (= is a citizen of two countries).
native
/ˈneɪtɪv/
relating to or describing someone’s country or place of birth
(liên quan đến) nơi sinh, bản xứ, bản quán (của một ai đó)
Ví dụ:
your native land/country/city
Her native language is Korean.
native speaker
/ˌneɪtɪv ˈspiːkər/
a person who speaks a language as their first language
người bản xứ
Ví dụ:
All our teachers are native speakers of English
natural selection
/ˌnætrəl sɪˈlekʃn/
the process by which plants, animals, etc
that can adapt to their environment survive and reproduce, while the others disappear
sự chọn lọc tự nhiên
Ví dụ:
The process of natural selection allows the fittest creatures to survive and continue to reproduce.
nature
/ˈneɪtʃər/
the usual way that a person or an animal behaves that is part of their character
tính, bản chất, bản tính (tự nhiên, vốn đã thế)
Ví dụ:
It’s not in his nature to be unkind.
She is very sensitive by nature.
We appealed to his better nature (= his kindness).
necessity
/nəˈsesəti/
something that you need, especially in order to live
Những thứ cần thiết, những thứ cần dùng
Ví dụ:
Many people cannot even afford basic necessities such as food and clothing.
Air-conditioning is an absolute necessity in this climate.
needlessly
/ˈniːdləsli/
in a way that is not necessary because it could have been avoided
[synonym] unnecessarily
Thừa, vô ích
Một cách không cần thiết
Ví dụ:
She’d worried needlessly about whether there would be enough food
The process was needlessly slow.
neglect
/nɪˈɡlekt/
to not give enough care or attention to people or things that are your responsibility
Sao lãng, không chú ý.
Bỏ bê, bỏ mặc.
Thờ ơ, hờ hững.
Ví dụ:
He neglects that poor dog - he never takes him for walks or gives him any attention.
She’s been neglecting her studies this semester.
neighbouring
/ˈneɪbərɪŋ/
lân cận, bên cạnh
Ví dụ:
neighbouring countries/states
She married a man from the neighbouring village.
neurological
/ˌnʊrəˈlɑːdʒɪkl/
relating to nerves
(Thuộc) Thần kinh, (thuộc) hệ thần kinh
Ví dụ:
neurological disease/damage
Alzheimer’s disease is a neurological disorder.
neuroscientist
/ˈnʊroʊsaɪəntɪst/
a scientist who studies the nervous system and the brain
nhà khoa học thần kinh,nhà thần kinh học
Ví dụ:
Neuroscientists are able to record the firing of a single nerve cell
niche
/niːʃ/
(business) an opportunity to sell a particular product to a particular group of people
một phân khúc nhỏ, cụ thể trên thị trường (thị trường ngách)
Ví dụ:
They spotted a niche in the market, with no serious competition.
a niche market
the development of niche marketing (= aiming products at particular groups)
non-renewable
/ˌnɑːn rɪˈnuːəbl/
(of natural resources such as gas or oil) that cannot be replaced after use
(năng lượng, tài nguyên) không thể tái tạo được
Ví dụ:
Oil, natural gas, and coal are non-renewable fuels.
Fossil fuels are non-renewable and rapidly running out.
nostalgia
/nɑːˈstældʒə/
a feeling of sadness mixed with pleasure and affection when you think of happy times in the past
cảm giác bồi hồi, xúc động khi nhớ về những kỷ niệm đẹp trong quá khứ
Ví dụ:
a sense/wave/pang of nostalgia
She is filled with nostalgia for her own college days.
nostalgic
/nɑːˈstældʒɪk/
feeling happy and also slightly sad when you think about things that happened in the past
cảm thấy/khiến ai đó cảm thấy bồi hồi, xúc động khi nhớ về những kỷ niệm đẹp trong quá khứ
Ví dụ:
Talking about our old family holidays has made me feel all nostalgic.
We’ll take a nostalgic look at the musical hits of the 60s.
notorious
/noʊˈtɔːriəs/
well known for being bad
Khét tiếng
(Thường, nghĩa xấu) Nổi danh, nổi tiếng; có tiếng xấu.
Ví dụ:
one of Mexico’s most notorious criminals
The company is notorious for paying its bills late.
nought
/nɔːt/
the number 0 or zero
(Toán học) Số không.
Ví dụ:
He said it was only worth £10, but really you could add a couple of noughts to that (= it is really worth £1,
nowadays
/ˈnaʊədeɪz/
at the present time, in contrast with the past
Ngày nay, đời nay, thời buổi này
Ví dụ:
Nowadays most kids prefer watching TV to reading.
Nowadays, I bake my own bread rather than buy it.
nuclear energy
/ˌnuːkliər ˈpaʊər/
a powerful form of energy produced by converting matter into energy by splitting atoms
năng lượng hạt nhân
–
numerous
/ˈnuːmərəs/
existing in large numbers
[synonym] many
Đông, đông đảo, nhiều
Ví dụ:
He has been late on numerous occasions.
The advantages of this system are too numerous to mention.
Numerous studies have shown this to be true.
nursery
/ˈnɜːrsəri/
a place where young children and babies are taken care of while their parents are at work
Nhà trẻ.
Ví dụ:
Her youngest child is at nursery now.
The children are at nursery three days a week.
nutrient
/ˈnuːtriənt/
any substance that plants or animals need in order to live and grow
Chất dinh dưỡng, chất nuôi dưỡng.
Ví dụ:
A healthy diet should provide all your essential nutrients
oak
/oʊk/
a large tree that is common in northern countries, or the hard wood of this tree
(Thực vật học) Cây sồi
Ví dụ:
a mighty oak
The timbers of those old sailing ships were mostly oak.
an oak table/cupboard
obey
/əˈbeɪ/
to do what you are told or expected to do
Vâng lời nghe lời, tuân theo, tuân lệnh
Ví dụ:
to obey a command/an order/rules/the law
He had always obeyed his parents without question.
(figurative) I tried to run but my legs just wouldn’t obey me.
‘Sit down!’ Meekly, she obeyed.
observation
/ˌɑːbzərˈveɪʃn/
the act of observing something or someone
Sự quan sát, sự để ý, sự chú ý, sự theo dõi
Lời nhận xét, điều quan sát được, điều nhận thấy.
Ví dụ:
results based on scientific observations
The suspect is being kept under observation (= watched closely by the police).
observe
/əbˈzɜːrv/
to see or notice somebody/something
Quan sát, nhận xét, theo dõi
Ví dụ:
Have you observed any changes lately?
I want you to observe all the details.
obsessed
/əbˈsest/
unable to stop thinking about something; too interested in or worried about something
bị ám ảnh bởi cái gì đấy
Ví dụ:
Why are people so obsessed with money?
He’s obsessed with Barbra Streisand and collects anything and everything connected with her.
obsession
/əbˈseʃn/
the state in which a person’s mind is completely filled with thoughts of one particular thing or person in a way that is not normal
Sự ảm ảnh; tình trạng bị ám ảnh
Điều ám ảnh.
Ví dụ:
He has an obsession with cleanliness
Her fear of flying is becoming an obsession.
obstacle
/ˈɑːbstəkl/
a situation, an event, etc
that makes it difficult for you to do or achieve something
Vật chướng ngại, trở lực.
Sự cản trở, sự trở ngại.
Ví dụ:
The biggest obstacle in our way was a tree trunk in the road.
A lack of qualifications can be a major obstacle to finding a job.
obtain
/əbˈteɪn/
to get something, especially by making an effort
Đạt được, thu được, giành được, kiếm được, lấy về.
Ví dụ:
I finally managed to obtain a copy of the report.
Further details can be obtained by writing to the above address.
occasionally
/əˈkeɪʒnəli/
sometimes but not often
Thỉnh thoảng, thảng hoặc; từng thời kỳ.
Ví dụ:
We occasionally meet for a drink after work.
This type of allergy can very occasionally be fatal.
occupation
/ˌɑːkjuˈpeɪʃn/
[countable] a job or profession
Nghề nghiệp; công việc, việc làm
Ví dụ:
Please state your name, age and occupation below.
In the space marked “occupation” she wrote “police officer”.
occupy
/ˈɑːkjupaɪ/
to keep someone busy or interested
Ví dụ:
a game that will occupy the kids for hours
occur
/əˈkɜːr/
(especially of accidents and other unexpected events) to happen
Xảy ra, xảy đến.
Ví dụ:
An accident involving over ten vehicles has occurred in the east-bound lane
offence
/əˈfens/
an illegal act
[synonym] crime
Sự phạm tội; tội, lỗi
Sự vi phạm luật lệ, sự vi phạm nội quy.
Ví dụ:
Driving without a licence is an offence
He committed several serious offences
It’s the third time that he’s been convicted of a drug offence.
offend
/əˈfend/
(formal) to commit a crime or crimes
Phạm tội, làm điều lầm lỗi; vi phạm
Ví dụ:
He started offending at the age of 16.
What is the best way to stop someone who has offended from repeating the offence?
offensive
/əˈfensɪv/
rude in a way that causes you to feel upset, insulted or annoyed
Gây xúc phạm, làm mất lòng; làm nhục, sỉ nhục
Ví dụ:
The programme contains language which some viewers may find offensive.
His comments were deeply offensive to a large number of single mothers.
officer
/ˈɔːfɪsər/
a member of the police force
Cảnh sát
Ví dụ:
the officer in charge of the case
the investigating officer
Yes, officer, I saw what happened.
offset
/ˈɔːfset/
to balance one influence against an opposing influence, so that there is no great difference as a result
Bù lại, đền bù, bù đắp
Ví dụ:
Prices have risen in order to offset the increased cost of materials
The extra cost of travelling to work is offset by the lower price of houses here.
old-fashioned
/ˌoʊld ˈfæʃnd/
not modern; belonging to or typical of a time in the past
Cũ, không hợp thời trang.
Nệ cổ, lạc hậu, hủ lậu (người).
Ví dụ:
old-fashioned clothes/ideas/furniture
She’s very old-fashioned in her outlook.
omit
/əˈmɪt/
to not include something/somebody, either deliberately or because you have forgotten it/them
[synonym] leave somebody/something out
Bỏ sót, bỏ quên, bỏ đi (một từ
)
Ví dụ:
If you are a student, you can omit questions 16–18.
People were surprised that Smith was omitted from the team.
omnipresent
/ˌɑːmnɪˈpreznt/
present everywhere
Có mặt ở khắp nơi
Ví dụ:
These days the media are omnipresent.
The singer became an omnipresent icon of style and beauty.
They believe that God is omnipresent.
once in a lifetime
UK
US
used to describe something special that is not likely to happen to you again
Ví dụ:
An opportunity like this comes once in a lifetime
a once-in-a-lifetime experience
one-sided
/ˌwʌn ˈsaɪdɪd/
(disapproving) (of an argument, opinion, etc
) showing only one side of the situation; not balanced
[synonym] biased
Một chiều, phiến diện.
Không công bằng, thiên vị.
Ví dụ:
The press were accused of presenting a very one-sided picture of the issue
They blamed their defeat on the media’s one-sided reporting of the election.
onset
/ˈɔːnset/
the beginning of something, especially something unpleasant
Lúc bắt đầu.
Ví dụ:
the onset of winter
opera
/ˈɑːprə/
a musical play in which most of the words are sung, or plays and music of this type
Ca kịch, nhạc kịch
Ví dụ:
“Carmen” is my favourite opera.
I’ve never been a huge fan of opera.
operate
/ˈɑːpəreɪt/
to use or control a machine or make it work
Làm cho hoạt động, cho chạy (máy
); thao tác
Ví dụ:
What skills are needed to operate this machinery?
opposition
/ˌɑːpəˈzɪʃn/
strong disagreement
Sự chống lại, sự chống cự, sự phản đối
Ví dụ:
There is a lot of opposition to the proposed changes.
The unions are in opposition to the government over the issue of increasing the minimum wage.
optical fibre
/ˌɑːptɪkl ˈfaɪbər/
a thin glass thread through which light can be transmitted (= sent)
sợi quang học, cáp quang
–
optimist
/ˈɑːptɪmɪst/
someone who always believes that good things will happen
(người luôn lạc quan)
Ví dụ:
An optimist looks at the glass and says its half full.
optimistic
/ˌɑːptɪˈmɪstɪk/
hoping or believing that good things will happen in the future
(lạc quan, đầy hy vọng)
Ví dụ:
The doctor said she was optimistic about the outcome of the operation
oral
/ˈɔːrəl/
of, taken by, or done to the mouth
(Giải phẫu) (thuộc) miệng.
Ví dụ:
oral hygiene
oral surgery
orange
/ˈɔːrɪndʒ/
a round sweet fruit that has a thick orange skin and an orange centre divided into many parts
Quả cam.
Cây cam.
Ví dụ:
a glass of orange juice
Vitamin C is found in oranges and other citrus fruit.
orangutan
/əˈræŋətæn/
a large ape (= an animal like a large monkey with no tail) with long arms and reddish hair, that lives in Borneo and Sumatra
Đười ươi hay còn gọi là dã nhân hay người rừng
–
orbit
/ˈɔːrbɪt/
the curved path through which objects in space move around a planet or star
Quỹ đạo
Ví dụ:
The satellite is now in a stable orbit.
Once in space, the spacecraft will go into orbit around Earth.
orbital
/ˈɔːrbɪtl/
connected with the orbit of a planet or object in space
(Thuộc) Quỹ đạo
Ví dụ:
an orbital space station
orchestra
/ˈɔːrkɪstrə/
a large group of musicians who play many different instruments together and are led by a conductor
Ban nhạc, dàn nhạc
Ví dụ:
She’s a cellist in the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra
She plays the flute in the school orchestra.
ordinary
/ˈɔːrdneri/
not unusual or different in any way
Thường, thông thường, bình thường, tầm thường
Ví dụ:
an ordinary sort of day
ordinary people like you and me
an ordinary neighbourhood
Readers of the magazine said they wanted more stories about ordinary people and fewer stories about the rich and famous.
organize
/ˈɔːrɡənaɪz/
to arrange something or the parts of something into a particular order or structure
Ví dụ:
The books were organized on the shelves according to their size
