1000 Flashcards
justifiable
/ˌdʒʌstɪˈfaɪəbl/
existing or done for a good reason, and therefore acceptable
[synonym] legitimate
(nói về hành động) có thể hiểu được, có lý do chính đáng, hợp lý, chính đáng
Ví dụ:
Her actions were quite justifiable in the circumstances.
justifiably
/dʒʌstɪˈfaɪəbli/
for a good reason, and therefore in a way that is acceptable
[synonym] legitimately
(trạng từ) một cách hợp lý, một cách chính đáng
Ví dụ:
The university can be justifiably proud of its record
justify
/ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ/
to give or to be a good reason for
to show that somebody/something is right or reasonable
có lý do chính đáng cho việc gì đó
biện hộ được cho hành động gì đó (là chính đáng)
Ví dụ:
I can’t really justify taking another day off work.
How can they justify paying such huge salaries?Her success had justified the faith her teachers had put in her.
keen
/kiːn/
very good or well developed
Sắc sảo; tinh, thính
Ví dụ:
a keen sense of smell
keen intelligence — trí thông minh sắc sảokeen eyes — mắt tinhkeen ears — tai thính
keyboard
/ˈkiːbɔːrd/
the set of keys for operating a computer or typewriter, or the set of letters that you can click on to write on a smartphone or tablet
bàn phím
Ví dụ:
an electronic keyboard
The keyboard plugs in at the back of the computer.
keypad
/ˈkiːpæd/
a small set of buttons with numbers on used to operate a telephone, a television or an electronic device
bàn phím điện thoại, điều khiển, tivi,
–
kidnapper
/ˈkɪdnæpər/
a person who takes somebody away illegally and keeps them as a prisoner, especially in order to get money or something else for returning them
Kẻ bắt cóc
Ví dụ:
The kidnappers are demanding a ransom of $1 million
kidnapping
/ˈkɪdnæpɪŋ/
the crime of taking somebody away illegally and keeping them as a prisoner, especially in order to get money or something else for returning them
Sự bắt cóc để tống tiền
Ví dụ:
He admitted the charge of kidnap.
the kidnapping of 12 US citizens
kindergarten
/ˈkɪndərɡɑːrtn/
the first year of school, for children aged five ( =a nursery school)
Lớp mẫu giáo, vườn trẻ.
–
label
/ˈleɪbl/
Dán, đính nhãn vào vật nào đó
Ví dụ:
The parcel was clearly labelled “Fragile”.
If you spend any time in prison, you’re labelled as a criminal for the rest of your life.
laboratory
/ˈlæbrətɔːri/
a room or building used for scientific research, experiments, testing, etc
Phòng thí nghiệm
Ví dụ:
research laboratories
a computer laboratory
Laboratory tests suggest that the new drug may be used to treat cancer.
labourer
/ˈleɪbərər/
a person whose job involves hard physical work that is not skilled, especially work that is done outdoors
Người lao động chân tay, lao công
Ví dụ:
an agricultural labourer
a farm labourer
labour force
/ˈleɪbər fɔːrs/
all the people who work for a company or in a country
[synonym] workforce
(Kinh tế học) Lực lượng lao động
Ví dụ:
a skilled/an unskilled labour force
An increasing percentage of the labour force is now unemployed.
labour-saving
/ˈleɪbər seɪvɪŋ/
designed to reduce the amount of work or effort needed to do something
được thiết kế để làm giảm nhẹ sức lao động, tiết kiệm sức lao động
Ví dụ:
modern labour-saving devices such as washing machines and dishwashers
laden
/ˈleɪdn/
heavily loaded with something
(literary) full of something, especially something unpleasant
chứa đầy cái gì đó
Ví dụ:
passengers laden with luggage
The trees were laden with apples.
He always comes back from France laden with presents for everyone
The table, as always, was laden with food.
landmark
/ˈlændmɑːrk/
a building or place that is easily recognized, especially one that you can use to judge where you are
cột mốc (một tòa nhà, công trình lớn, dễ nhận biết và có thể dùng để định hướng)
Ví dụ:
The Empire State Building is a familiar landmark on the New York skyline
landscape
/ˈlændskeɪp/
a large area of countryside, especially in relation to its appearance
phong cảnh, thắng cảnh
Ví dụ:
the woods and fields that are typical features of the English landscape
an urban/industrial landscape
language barrier
UK
US
A barrier to communication between people who are unable to speak a common language.
rào cản ngôn ngữ (khó khăn tạo ra do khác biệt về ngôn ngữ)
Ví dụ:
Zhao wasn’t able to enjoy himself in Germany because of the language barrier
large-scale
/ˌlɑːrdʒ ˈskeɪl/
involving many people or things, or happening over a large area
trên quy mô lớn
Ví dụ:
We must improve our response to large-scale natural disasters
launch
/lɔːntʃ/
to send something such as a spacecraft, weapon, etc
into space
Ném, phóng, quăng, liệng (tên lửa; lời đe doạ
)
Ví dụ:
to launch a communications satellite
to launch a missile/rocket/torpedo
law-abiding
/ˈlɔː əbaɪdɪŋ/
obeying and respecting the law
Tôn trọng luật pháp, tuân theo luật pháp
Ví dụ:
law-abiding citizens
lawyer
/ˈlɔːjər/
a person who is trained and qualified to advise people about the law and to represent them in court, and to write legal documents
Luật sư
Luật gia.
Ví dụ:
I want to see my lawyer before I say anything
leading-edge
/ˌliːdɪŋ ˈedʒ/
in the most important and advanced position in an area of activity, especially technology
[synonym] cutting edge
tối tân, hiện đại bậc nhất
Ví dụ:
leading-edge technology
leaflet
/ˈliːflət/
a piece of paper that gives you information or advertises something
tờ rơi, tờ truyền đơn
Ví dụ:
Demonstrators handed out leaflets to passers-by.
A leaflet about the new bus services came through the door today.
lean
/liːn/
thin and healthy
gầy, mảnh khảnh, thon gọn
Ví dụ:
She waslean and fit
lecture
/ˈlektʃər/
a formal talk on a serious subject given to a group of people, especially students
Bài diễn thuyết; bài lên lớp; bài thuyết trình; bài nói chuyện.
Ví dụ:
We went to a lecture on Italian art.
Who’s giving the lecture this afternoon?
lecturer
/ˈlektʃərər/
a person who teaches at a university or college
(giảng viên đại học)
Ví dụ:
He’s a lecturer in French at Oxford.
legal
/ˈliːɡl/
connected with the law
(liên quan đến) pháp luật.
allowed or required by law
Hợp pháp, theo pháp luật.
Ví dụ:
the legal profession/system
to take/seek legal advice
Is abortion legal in your country?
leisure activity
/ˈliːʒər/
what you enjoy doingwhen you are not working or studying
–
level
/ˈlevl/
a floor in a large building
tầng
Ví dụ:
The library has three levels, with a conference centre at ground level.
The exhibition is on level three of the building.
liable
/ˈlaɪəbl/
to belikely to do something
Có khả năng bị; có khả năng xảy ra
Ví dụ:
We’re all liable to make mistakes when we’re tired.
The bridge is liable to collapse at any moment.
life imprisonment
/ˌlaɪf ɪmˈprɪz. ən. mənt/
the punishment of being put in prison for a very long time without an arranged time for release or, in the US, until death
án tù chung thân (= life sentence)
–
lifelong
/ˈlaɪflɔːŋ/
lasting or existing all through your life
(suốt đời)
Ví dụ:
Her lifelong ambition had been to learn how to fly.
He has been a lifelong supporter of the club.
life-threatening
/ˈlaɪf θretnɪŋ/
that is likely to kill somebody
Nguy hiểm đến tính mạng, có thể làm chết người; hiểm nghèo
Ví dụ:
His heart condition is not life-threatening.
Aid workers are having to deal with very difficult, sometimes life-threatening situations.
lift
/lɪft/
a device like a box that moves up and down, carrying people or goods from one floor of a building to another
Thang máy
Ví dụ:
Take the lift to the sixth floor
lily
/ˈlɪli/
a large white or brightly coloured flower with petals that curl back from the centre
There are many types of lily
hoa huệ tây; hoa loa kèn
Ví dụ:
tiger lilies
limestone
/ˈlaɪmstoʊn/
a type of white stone that contains calcium, used in building and in making cement
Đá vôi.
–
limit
/ˈlɪmɪt/
to stop something from increasing beyond a particular amount or level
[synonym][ ]restrict
Giới hạn, hạn chế
Ví dụ:
measures to limit carbon dioxide emissions from cars
The amount of money you have to spend will limit your choice
lineage
/ˈlɪniɪdʒ/
the members of a person’s family who are directly related to that person and who lived a long time before him or her
Nòi giống, dòng, dòng giống, dòng dõi
Ví dụ:
She’s very proud of her ancient royal lineage
a French nobleman of ancient lineage
linger
/ˈlɪŋɡər/
to continue to exist for longer than expected
to stay somewhere for longer because you do not want to leave; to spend a long time doing something
Nấn ná, lần lữa, chần chừ, nán lại
Kéo dài.
Ví dụ:
The faint smell of her perfume lingered in the room
She lingered for a few minutes to talk to Nick.
linguist
/ˈlɪŋɡwɪst/
someone who studies foreign languages or can speak them very well, or someone who teaches or studies linguistics
Nhà ngôn ngữ học
Người biết nhiều thứ tiếng.
Ví dụ:
She’s an excellent linguist.
I’m afraid I’m no linguist (= I find foreign languages difficult).
linguistic
/lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪk/
connected with language or the study of language
(Thuộc) Ngôn ngữ, (thuộc) ngôn ngữ học.
Ví dụ:
I’m particularly interested in the linguistic development of young children
link
/lɪŋk/
to make a connection between two or more people, things, or ideas
kết nối
Ví dụ:
A long trail of evidence links cigarette smoking to lung cancer
literary
/ˈlɪtəreri/
connected with literature
(Thuộc) Văn chương, (thuộc) văn học, có tính chất văn chương, có tính chất văn học
Ví dụ:
a literary critic
literary prizes
a literary style
literature
/ˈlɪt̬. ɚ. ə. tʃɚ/
all the information relating to a subject, especially information written by experts
Tài liệu (về một vấn đề hoặc một bộ môn khoa học).
Ví dụ:
It’s important to keep up-to-date with the literature in your field.
There is very little literature on the disease.
litter
/ˈlɪtər/
small pieces of rubbish that have been left lying on the ground in public places
Rác rưởi
Ví dụ:
About two percent of fast-food packaging ends up as litter
There will be fines for people who drop litter.
living expenses
UK
US
the money you have to spend as you live
(chi phí sinh hoạt)
–
local
/ˈloʊkl/
from, existing in, serving, or responsible for a small area, especially of a country
địa phương
Ví dụ:
Our children go to the local school
local radio (= a radio station that broadcasts to one area only)
log
/lɔːɡ/
a thick piece of tree trunk or branch, especially one cut for burning on a fire
Khúc gỗ mới đốn, khúc gỗ mới xẻ
Ví dụ:
When I lifted the log, there were lots of beetles skittering about/around under it.
Running along the beach, she stumbled on a log and fell on the sand.
long-term
/ˌlɔːŋ ˈtɜːrm/
continuing a long time into the future
Dài hạn, dài ngày, lâu dài
Ví dụ:
Requited love is not enough to sustain a long-term relationship.
What this country needs is a long-term policy for investment in science and technology.
low
/loʊ/
a low level or point; a low figure
mức thấp, con số thấp
Ví dụ:
The yen has fallen to an all-time low against the dollar.
The temperature reached a record low in London last night.
The government’s popularity has hit a new low
luggage
/ˈlʌɡɪdʒ/
bags, cases, etc
that contain somebody’s clothes and things when they are travelling
Hành lý.
Ví dụ:
There’s room for one more piece of luggage.
You stay there with the luggage while I find a cab.
lunar
/ˈluːnər/
connected with the moon
(Thuộc) Mặt trăng.
Ví dụ:
a lunar eclipse/landscape
the lunarsurface
luxurious
/lʌɡˈʒʊriəs/
very comfortable; containing expensive and enjoyable things
[synonym] sumptuous
Sang trọng, lộng lẫy; xa hoa, xa xỉ.
Ưa khoái lạc; thích xa hoa, thích xa xỉ (người).
Ví dụ:
They have a very luxurious house
We spent a luxurious weekend at a country hotel.
magnitude
/ˈmæɡnɪtuːd/
the large size or importance of something
Tầm lớn, độ lớn, lượng
Tầm quan trọng, tính chất trọng đại.
Ví dụ:
They don’t seem to grasp the magnitude of the problem
mainstream
/ˈmeɪnstriːm/
the ideas and opinions that are thought to be normal because they are shared by most people; the people whose ideas and opinions are most accepted
Xu hướng chủ đạo, xu thế chủ đạo.
Thị hiếu đại chúng.
Ví dụ:
His radical views place him outside the mainstream of American politics.
He was never part of the literary mainstream as a writer.
maintain
/meɪnˈteɪn/
to make something continue at the same level, standard, etc.
Giữ, duy trì, bảo vệ, bảo quản.
Ví dụ:
Security during the president’s visit must be maintained at all costs.
major
/ˈmeɪdʒər/
very large or important
Lớn (hơn), nhiều (hơn), trọng đại, chủ yếu
Ví dụ:
All of her major plays have been translated into English.
Sugar is a major cause of tooth decay.
make a living
UK
US
to earn enough money to buy the things you need
(kiếm sống)
Ví dụ:
Everyone has to make a living
You can make a good living (= earn a lot of money) in sales if you have the right attitude.
make-believe
/ˈmeɪk bɪliːv/
believing or imagining things that appear to be attractive or exciting, but are not real
Sự giả vờ, sự giả cách, sự giả bộ.
Ví dụ:
‘Let’s play make-believe,’ said Sam
mall
/mɔːl/
a large building or covered area that has many shops/stores, restaurants, etc
inside it
Ví dụ:
Let’s go to the mall.
Some teenagers were hanging out at the mall.
mammal
/ˈmæml/
any animal of which the female feeds her young on milk from her own body
(Động vật học) Loài thú, loài động vật có vú
Ví dụ:
Humans, dogs, elephants, and dolphins are all mammals, but birds, fish, and crocodiles are not
manage
/ˈmænɪdʒ/
to succeed in doing or dealing with something, especially something difficult
Đạt kết quả, đạt mục đích, xoay sở được, tìm được cách
Ví dụ:
I only just managed to finish on time
How did you manage to persuade him?
management
/ˈmænɪdʒmənt/
the act of running and controlling a business or similar organization
Sự trông nom, sự quản lý.
Sự điều khiển.
Ví dụ:
The company has suffered from several years of bad management.
There is a need for stricter financial management.
a management training programme
mango
/ˈmæŋɡoʊ/
an oval tropical fruit with a smooth skin, orange-yellow flesh, and a large, hard seed in the middle
Quả xoài.
(Thực vật học) Cây xoài.
–
manned
/mænd/
có người lái, có người điều khiển
Ví dụ:
manned space flight
manually
/ˈmænjuəli/
doneby hand rather than automatically or using electricity, etc
directly by a human being rather than by a machine
Được điều khiển bằng tay.
Một cách thủ công.
Ví dụ:
Few of the machines are operated manually
Tickets are checked manually at peak times.
manual work
/ˈmænjuəlwɜːrk/
work involving the hands, as opposed to an office job, for example
công việc lao động chân tay
Ví dụ:
manual labour/jobs/skills
manual and non-manual workers
manufacturer
/ˌmænjuˈfæktʃərər/
a person or company that produces goods in large quantities
[synonym] maker
nhà sản xuất
Ví dụ:
Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions.
Faulty goods should be returned to the manufacturers.
manure
/məˈnʊr/
the waste matter from animals that is spread over or mixed with the soil to help plants and crops grow
[synonym] dung
Phân bón có nguồn gốc từ chất thải động vật
Ví dụ:
Dig plenty of well-rotted manure into the soil.
Work in plenty of well-rotted manure.
the best time to spread manure on the fields
maple
/ˈmeɪpl/
a tall tree with leaves that have five points and turn bright red or yellow in the autumn/fall
Maples grow in northern countries
(Thực vật học) Cây thích, cây phong
Ví dụ:
a maple leaf
maple trees
marble
/ˈmɑːrbl/
a type of very hard rock that has a pattern of lines going through it, feels cold, and can be polished to become smooth and shiny
Đá hoa cương, cẩm thạch.
Ví dụ:
a marble floor/statue
marginal
/ˈmɑːrdʒɪnl/
very small in amount or effect
rất nhỏ, gần như không đáng kể
Ví dụ:
The report suggests that there has only been a marginal improvement in women’s pay over the past few years
marine
/məˈriːn/
connected with the sea and the creatures and plants that live there
(liên quan đến) biển, sinh vật biển
Ví dụ:
marine life
a marine biologist (= a scientist who studies life in the sea)
marital
/ˈmærɪtl/
connected with marriage
(Thuộc, liên quan đến) Hôn nhân.
Ví dụ:
your marital status
market
/ˈmɑːrkɪt/
the people who might want to buy something, or a part of the world where something is sold
Thị trường, nơi tiêu thụ; khách hàng
Ví dụ:
Are you sure there’s a market for the product?
We estimate the potential market for the new phones to be around one million people in this country alone.
marketing
/ˈmɑːrkɪtɪŋ/
the activity of presenting, advertising and selling a company’s products or services in the best possible way
Sự tiếp thị
Ví dụ:
Our marketing people have come up with a great idea for the launch of the new model.
Persuasion is one of the most valuable skills in marketing.
masculine
/ˈmæskjəlɪn/
having characteristics that are traditionally thought to be typical of or suitable for men
nam tính
Ví dụ:
He was handsome and strong, and very masculine.
That suit makes her look very masculine.
masculinity
/ˌmæskjuˈlɪnəti/
the characteristics that are traditionally thought to be typical of or suitable for men
vẻ nam tính
Ví dụ:
It’s a cliché to say that science is associated with masculinity and the arts with femininity.
She found herself attracted to his aggressive masculinity.
Master’s
/ˈmæs. tɚz/
a second university degree
bằng thạc sĩ (học vị cấp cho người tốt nghiệp cao học)
Ví dụ:
He has a Master’s in Business Administration
material
/məˈtɪriəl/
a physical substance that things can be made from
Chất, tài liệu, nguyên liệu, vật liệu
Ví dụ:
building materials, such as stone
Crude oil is used as the raw (= basic) material for making plastics.
maternal
/məˈtɜːrnl/
connected with being a mother
having feelings that are typical of a caring mother towards a child[only before noun] related through the mother’s side of the family
(Thuộc) Mẹ; của người mẹ; về phía mẹ;
Ví dụ:
Maternal age affects the baby’s survival rate.
the effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy
maternal loveI’m not very maternal
She didn’t have any maternal instincts.
mathematical
/ˌmæθəˈmætɪkl/
connected with or involving mathematics
liên quan đến toán học
Ví dụ:
mathematical calculations/problems/models
to assess children’s mathematical ability
mathematician
/ˌmæθəməˈtɪʃn/
someone who studies, teaches, or is an expert in mathematics
Nhà toán học
Ví dụ:
one of the greatest mathematicians of all time
mathematics
/ˌmæθəˈmætɪks/
= maths
Môn toán, toán học.
Ví dụ:
the school mathematics curriculum
mature
/məˈtʃʊr/
behave like an adult, or in a way that shows you are well developed emotionally
Chín, thành thực, trưởng thành.
Cẩn thận, chín chắn, kỹ càng.
Ví dụ:
Jane is very mature for her age.
a mature and sensible attitude
mayor
/ˈmeɪər/
a person who is elected or chosen to lead the group who governs a town or city
Thị trưởng
Ví dụ:
We need a mayor who is tough enough to clean up this town.
The mayor has promised to cleanse the city of drug dealers.
measurement
/ˈmeʒərmənt/
the act or the process of finding the size, quantity or degree of something
việc đo đạc, phép đo đạc
Ví dụ:
the metric system of measurement
Accurate measurement is very important in science.
The test is based on the measurement of blood levels
The machine makes thousands of measurements every day.
mechanism
/ˈmekənɪzəm/
a way of doing something that is planned or part of a system
cơ chế
cơ chế hoạt động
Ví dụ:
mechanisms for dealing with complaints from the general public
The college has established an effective student support mechanism.
meddle
/ˈmedl/
to become involved in something that does not concern you
[synonym] interfere
to touch something in a careless way, especially when it is not yours or when you do not know how to use it correctly
Xen vào, dính vào, can thiệp vào.
Động vào, xờ vào
Ví dụ:
He had no right to meddle in her affairs
Somebody had been meddling with her computer.
medication
/ˌmedɪˈkeɪʃn/
a drug or another form of medicine that you take to prevent or to treat an illness
thuốc, dược phẩm
Ví dụ:
to be on medication
Are you currently taking any medication?
medieval
/ˌmediˈiːvl/
related to the Middle Ages (= the period in European history from about AD 600 to AD
(Thuộc) Thời Trung cổ; kiểu trung cổ
Ví dụ:
a medieval building/painting/town
a medieval manuscript
medium
/ˈmiːdiəm/
a way of communicating information, etc
to people
một cách, một phương tiện để truyền thông tin, v
v
cho người khác
Ví dụ:
the medium of radio/television
They told the story through the medium of dance.
A T-shirt can be an excellent medium for getting your message across.
The plural in this meaning is usually media.
melon
/ˈmelən/
a large, round fruit with hard yellow or green skin, sweet flesh, and a lot of seeds
Dưa tây, dưa lưới
Ví dụ:
a slice of melon
memorial
/məˈmɔːriəl/
an object, often large and made of stone, that has been built to honour a famous person or event
Đài kỷ niệm, tượng kỷ niệm; vật kỷ niệm
Ví dụ:
a war memorial
The statue was erected as a memorial to those who died in the war.
memorize
/ˈmeməraɪz/
to learn something carefully so that you can remember it exactly
Ghi nhớ, ghi chép
Nhớ, thuộc, thuộc lòng.
Ví dụ:
to memorize a poem
mental
/ˈmentl/
relating to the mind, or involving the process of thinking
(Thuộc) Tâm thần, (thuộc) tinh thần.
(Thuộc) Trí tuệ, (thuộc) trí óc.
Ví dụ:
the mental process of remembering
Do you have a mental picture of what it will look like?
I made a mental note to talk to her about it.
He has a complete mental block (= difficulty in understanding or remembering) when it comes to physics.
mentality
/menˈtæləti/
a person’s particular way of thinking about things
lối tư duy, cách suy nghĩ
Ví dụ:
I can’t understand the mentality of people who hurt animals.
He hopes that closer links between Britain and the rest of Europe will change the British mentality towards foreigners.
merge
/mɜːrdʒ/
to combine or make two or more things combine to form a single thing
kết hợp, sát nhập, hợp nhất
Ví dụ:
They decided to merge the two companies into one
The country’s two biggest banks are planning to merge.
mesh
/meʃ/
(specialist) (of parts of a machine) to fit together as they move
Khớp nhau (bánh xe răng
)
Ví dụ:
If the cogs don’t mesh correctly, the gears will keep slipping
