(12) ENZYME CLASSIFICATION Flashcards
Catalyze re-dox rxn between 2 substrates
OXIDOREDUCTASE
A- + B → A + B-
Catalyze the transfer of a chem group other than hydrogen atom between 2 substrates
TRANSFERASE
A-X + B → A + B-X
Catalyze the hydrolysis of various bonds / Hydrolysis of ether & ester – H2O involvement
HYDROLASE
A-B + H2O →
A – OH + B – H
Catalyze the removal of groups w/out hydrolysis /
Removal of ether & ester w/out hydrolysis
LYASES
ATP → cAMP + PPi
cAMP: Cyclic adenosine Monophosphate
Interconversion of geometric / positional / optical isomer
ISOMERASE
A → B
Joining of two substrates coupled w/ breaking of pyrophosphate bond in ATP.
LIGASES
Ab + C → A – C + b
LD, G6PD
- (all dehydrogenase) – removes hydrogen
- Hydrogen is commonly transferred.
OXIDOREDUCTASE
AST, ALT, CK, GGT, OTC or OCT
- Kinase means there is transfer
- Kinase is specific enzyme that transfers phosphates.
TRANSFERASE
ALP, ACP, AMY, LPS, Ache/Pche, %-5NT, ACE
- those that end with “phosphatase” removes phosphate
HYDROLASE
Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), Fructose biphosphate Aldolase (ALS)
LYASES
Triphosphate Isomerase (TPI), Glucose Phosphate Isomerase
ISOMERASE
Glutathione Synthetase (GSH-S)
LIGASES
NOTE
Coenzymes are part of the oxidoreductase activity
o Enzymes catalyze physiologic reactions by lowering the activation energy level that the reactants must reach.
▪ The greater the activation energy level required = the longer is the product formation.
ENZYME KINETICS
Catalytic Mechanism of Enzymes
Relationship between enzyme, substrate, & product.
Catalytic Mechanism of Enzymes
