(10) CC2 ENZYMOLOGY Flashcards
- Biologic intracellular proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions.
- Produced by living cells
Enzymes
General fxn of enzymes
Affects speed or velocity of a chemical rxn so it could hasten chem rxn.
T/F
Enzymes consumed/change in composition during enzymatic process
False. No
T/F
Enyzmatic rxn are specific w/ organic substrates
True
Enzymes in serum =
normally ↓
Enzymes ↑ in serum:
o Cell injury / damage
o ↑membrane permeability
Enzymes are
Measured in terms of activity and not in their absolute values.
Functions of Enzymes:
Functions of Enzymes:
o Hydration of CO2 (during respiration)
o Nerve induction
o Muscle contraction
o Nutrient degradation (digestion)
o Growth & reproduction
o Energy storage & use
Components of an enzyme:
▪ Waterless cavity of an enzyme where substrates bind & undergo chem rxn.
▪Specific substrate can only bind to the active site of the enzyme
Active site
Components of an enzyme:
Waterless cavity other than the active site that binds regulatory or effector molecules.
Allosteric site
▪ substances acted upon by enzymes.
▪ Specific for each particular enzyme.
▪ Activates enzymes outside the body (ex., in lab)
Substrates
▪ Non-protein substances added in enzyme-substrate complex to manifest the enzyme activity.
▪ Enhances enzymatic activity.
▪ Activates enzyme inside the body.
Cofactors
Coenzyme / organic cofactor:
o Ex. NAD, NADP, Vit. B6 (pyridoxine)
coenzyme tightly bound to an enzyme.
Prosthetic group:
Activator / inorganic cofactor:
o Ex. Mg, Ca, Cl, Bromide
