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Physiological Psych > 12 Emotional Behaviors > Flashcards

12 Emotional Behaviors Flashcards

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1
Q

Sympathetic branch

A

Fight or flight

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2
Q

Slows you down & saves energy

A

Parasympathetic branch

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3
Q

First we feel an emotion, which then changes our heart rate and prompts other responses

A

Common sense view

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4
Q

Autonomic arousal and skeletal actions come first

  1. People with weak autonomic or skeletal responses should feel less emotion
  2. Causing or increasing someone’s responses should enhance an emotion
A

James-Lange Theory

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5
Q

Paralyzed people report that they feel emotions _________ as before their injury

A

Same as before

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6
Q

Output from the autonomic nervous system to the body fails completely or almost completely

Report same emotions just much less intense than before

A

Pure autonomic failure

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7
Q

Marked by extreme sympathetic nervous system arousal

A

Panic attack

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8
Q

People are unable to love their facial muscles to make a smile

A

Möbius syndrome

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9
Q

Emotional experiences arouse _______ _________ ___ ______

A

Many areas of the brain

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10
Q

The forebrain areas surrounding the thalamus

A

The limbic system

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11
Q

The only emotion for which brain evidence suggests brain localization is

A

Disgust

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12
Q

The _____ ______ (insula) is stinky activated is you see a disgusting picture or facial expression of someone else who is feeling disgusted

A

Insular cortex

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13
Q

Three components of emotion

A

Cognitions
Feelings
Actions

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14
Q

The insula is

A

The primary taste cortex

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15
Q

Insula reacts to

A

Frightening pictures and disgusting ones

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16
Q

Activity of left hemisphere relates to

A

Behavioral Activation System (BAS)

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17
Q

BAS is marked by

A

Low to moderate autonomic arousal

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18
Q

Increased activity of right hemisphere associated with the

A

Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS)

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19
Q

BIS increases attention and arousal inhibits actions and stimulates emotions such as

A

Fear and disgust

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20
Q

Difference between hemisphere relates to

A

Personality

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21
Q

People with greater activity in frontal cortex of left hemisphere associated with

A

Happier more outgoing friendly

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22
Q

Ppl with greater activity in right hemisphere associated with

A

Social withdrawal

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23
Q

Right hemisphere appears to be more responsive to

A

Emotional stimuli than the left

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24
Q

The right hemisphere is better at

A

Expressing emotions and detecting other people’s emotions

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25
Q

What good do emotions do

A

Adaptive values ( fear leads to escape, anger leads to attack, etc) and it allows us to make quick decisions; helps us make moral decisions

26
Q

Katkin et al Study -

A

Showed that people who are good at detecting their autonomic responses may have valid gut feelings about dangers that they cannot identify consciously

27
Q

Contemplating moral decisions activates the

A

Prefrontal cortex, cingulate gyrus and the amydala

28
Q

The Trolley Dilemna -

A

You have the chance to flip the switch to hit one person instead of the 5

29
Q

The Footbridge Dilemma -

A

Push guy off the bridge to stop the trolley from hitting the 5

30
Q

The Lifeboat Dilemma -

A

You can push one person off the lifeboat to save everyone else

31
Q

The Hospital Dilemma

A

Kill the visitor to give the organs to the other 5 people

32
Q

Damage to the parts of the prefrontal cortex causes

A

Impaired decision making

Leads to impulsive decision making without pausing to consider consequences

33
Q

The cause of Phineas Gage

A

Had a pipe go through his head and survived

34
Q

Damasio’s patient with prefrontal cortex damage

A

Never experienced emotions

35
Q

Monozygotic twins vs. dizygotic twins

A

One is more violent than the other

36
Q

Attempts to find specific gene linked to aggressive behavior have found only

A

Weak effects

37
Q

Violence is particularly enhanced in people with both

A

Genetic predisposition and troubled early environment

38
Q

Study comparing people who had genetic differences in production of monoamine oxidase A (MAO)

A

Effects of gene apparently interact with childhood experience

39
Q

aggressive behavior is linked to

A

low serotonin release

40
Q

the amount of neurons release and replace

A

turnover

41
Q

response to an unexpected loud noise

used to measure anxiety

A

the startle reflex

42
Q

controls fear responses

A

amygdala

43
Q

learning of fear responses impaired and fear responses previously learned

A

damage to amygdala

44
Q

people with amygdala damage do or don’t lose their emotions

A

don’t

45
Q

characterized by increased activity of sympathetic nervous system, readying body for brief emergency activity

A

alarm

46
Q

as sympathetic response declines, adrenal cortex secretes cortisol and other hormones that enable the body to maintain prolonged alertness, fight infections, and heal wounds

A

resistance

47
Q

third stage in which individual it tired, inactive, and vulnerable because nervous system and immune system and immune systems no longer have the energy to sustain their heightened response

A

exhaustion

48
Q

the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal cortex

A

the HPA axis

49
Q

enhances metabolic activity and elevated blood levels of sugar and other nutrients

A

cortisol

50
Q

HPA axis becomes _______ response to prolonged stressors

A

dominant

51
Q

when immune system attacks normal cells

A

autoimmune disease

52
Q

white blood cells

most important elements of the immune system

A

Leukocytes

53
Q

mature mostly in bone marrow and secretes antibodies

A

B cells

54
Q

Y-shaped proteins that attach to particular kinds of antigens

A

antibodies

55
Q

surface proteins that are antibody generator molecules

A

antigens

56
Q

mature in the thymus gland\

attack intruders directly and some help other T cells or B cells to multiply

A

T cells

57
Q

small proteins produced by leukocytes and other cells in response to infection

A

cytokines

58
Q

additional chemicals produced by immune system that promote sleepiness

A

prostaglandins

59
Q

study of relationship between nervous system and the immune system

A

psychoneuroimmunology

60
Q

prolonged increase of cortisol directs energy toward increasing metabolism and therefore detracts energy toward increasing metabolism and therefore detracts energy from synthesizing proteins

A

prolonged stress response

Physiological Psych (12 decks)

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