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Cat B- Mod 11 Aircraft Systems > 11.9 Flight Controls > Flashcards

11.9 Flight Controls Flashcards

1
Q

What are the primary flight controls?

A

Ailerons
Elevators
Rudder

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2
Q

What do ailerons give?

A

Longitudinal control

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3
Q

What control do elevators give?

A

Lateral

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4
Q

Unlike the other what is the direction of movement of an anti balance/servo trim?

A

Same direction of movement.

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5
Q

Where is lateral trim controlled from?

A

Switch on the centre console, electrically controlled through the FCU.

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6
Q

What are SPMs?

A

Stabiliser position modules.

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7
Q

What two active aeroelastic control techniques are there?

A

Manoeuvre Load Control
Gust Load Alleviation

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8
Q

What can active load alleviation systems be based on?

A

Feedback loop (wing tip acceleration) or feed-forward channel (angle of attack)

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9
Q

What is the aim of Manoeuvre Load Control?

A

To use wing control surfaces to move the lift inboard during manoeuvres so that wing bending is reduced.

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10
Q

What is the aim of Gust load allieviation?

A

Fly by wire aircraft that reduces the effect of gust loads by deflecting control surfaces.

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11
Q

What is the typical flap extension for takeoff?

A

5 to 15 degrees

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12
Q

What is the typical flap extension for landing?

A

25 to 40 degrees

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13
Q

What are the lift dump spoilers?

A

Flight roll spoilers

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14
Q

What cables are commonly used in aviation?

A

7x7 and 7x19

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15
Q

In the UK how are control cables classed?

A

Minimum breaking load in hundred weight force (cwtf)

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16
Q

What are cables often made from?

A

Linear reinforced phenolic resin or aluminium alloy.

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17
Q

When do pulley bearings need lubing?

A

They don’t after manufacture.

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18
Q

How accurate is a tensiometer?

A

98%

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19
Q

Where are bell cranks used?

A

In conjunction with control rods

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20
Q

What do bell cranks allow?

A

A change of direction.

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21
Q

When are torque tubes used?

A

When an angular or twisting motion is needed.

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22
Q

What type of thread do screw jacks have?

A

Coarse

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23
Q

In damping mode what happens to the servo unit in a hydraulic pump?

A

Depressurised.

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24
Q

What is a servo control unit divided into?

A

Power
Distribution

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25
Q

What are the main components in a servos power unit?

A

Cylinder
Piston
Rod

26
Q

What are the main components in a servos distribution section?

A

Control valve
Bypass valve

27
Q

What two main operating modes does a servo control unit have?

A

Control/active
Damping

28
Q

In a power assisted flight control system does the pilot have feedback?

A

Yes

29
Q

In a full power flight control system does the pilot have feedback?

A

No

30
Q

What are pneumatic control systems used for?

A

Backup on systems such as landing gear and emergency brake.

31
Q

When three channels on fly by wire are being used what is it known as?

A

Triplex

32
Q

What is normal law in a fly by wire system?

A

Pre-set characters for the aircraft depending on the stage of flight.

33
Q

What are the three flight control modes in fbw?

A

Ground
Flight
Flare

34
Q

What happens in fbw ground mode?

A

Auto-trim is turned off and there is direct input into the flight controls. Horizontal stab is 4 degrees up.

35
Q

How long is the transition time between ground to flight mode?

A

5 seconds

36
Q

What 5 protections does flight mode offer?

A

Pitch attitude
Load factor limits
High speed
High AOA
Bank angle

37
Q

When does flight mode cut out on landing?

A

100 feet

38
Q

What is ALT1 mode?

A

Combines normal law lateral mode with the load factor.

39
Q

When may ALT1 be entered?

A

If there are faults in the horizontal stabiliser, an elevator, yaw-damper actuation, slat or flap sensor, or a single air data reference fault.

40
Q

What is ALT2 mode?

A

Protection for high angle of attack and speed.

41
Q

When is ALT2 entered?

A

When two engines flame out faults in two inertial or air-data references, with the autopilot being lost.. This mode may also be entered with an all-spoilers fault, certain aileron’s fault, or pedal transducer’s fault.

42
Q

What happens in direct law?

A

All protections are lost and all flying controls are manual input.

43
Q

When is direct law entered?

A

Failure of three inertial reference units or the primary flight computers, faults in two elevators, or flame-out in two engine.

44
Q

What is a feel unit?

A

Gives the pilot an artificial feeling of the aerodynamic loading.

45
Q

What is a q pot feel system?

A

A very large simple piston feel unit.

46
Q

When does mach tuck happen?

A

When aircraft transition through the transonic region.

47
Q

How is mach tuck avoided?

A

Mach trim, keeps the nose up.

48
Q

What is a gust lock?

A

Method of locking out flight controls.

49
Q

What is static balancing?

A

The tendency of an object to stay still when balanced.

50
Q

What are the two ways in which something is statically balanced?

A

Underbalance (+)
Overbalance (-)

51
Q

What indicates overbalance?

A

Upward movement of the trailing edge.

52
Q

What is dynamic balance?

A

All the rotating forces are balanced within themselves.

53
Q

How is the neutral position determined before balancing?

A

Using a bubble protractor.

54
Q

What is the advantage of the calculation method for balancing?

A

The surface doesn’t need removing from the aircraft.

55
Q

What is aircraft rigging?

A

The adjustment and travel of the moveable flight control surfaces.

56
Q

What is surface throw?

A

The correct prescribed arc of a flying control.

57
Q

What is a stick nudger?

A

Designed to avoid stall.

58
Q

What angle of attack gives maximum lift?

A

14 degrees

59
Q

What is an alpha lock?

A

Prevents the slats from being retracted at high angles of attack, as when they get retracted the angle of attack is increased leading to flow separation.

60
Q
A

Cat B- Mod 11 Aircraft Systems (28 decks)

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