11.2.b Structures General Flashcards
What is a frame or former?
Lateral fuselage giving cross sectional shape
How is the strength/weight issue overcome in monocoque structures?
Semi-monocoque using stringers
What is a bulkhead?
Gives shape to the fuselage, usually to close off or partition.
What is a longeron?
Main lengthwise member, they take the primary bending load.
What is a stringer?
Smaller and lighter than a longeron, they serve as stiffeners.
What is a doubler?
Additional section of material used to reinforce skin areas.
What are some doublers also known as?
Crack stoppers
What are struts?
Load bearing components that handle compression forces
What is a tie also known as?
Tie rod or tension member.
What are floorboards made of?
Honeycomb composite
What happens to the floorboards in wet areas?
They are sealed.
What methods are there of strengthening aircraft structure?
Butt straps
Cleats
Gussets
Fishplates
Angles
What are the two types of fuselage construction?
Truss type
Monocoque type
What is a trussed framed fuselage often covered with?
Fabric
In a true monocoque construction what is the primary load carrier?
Skin
What is a stressed skin structure?
The loads are shared between the skin and frame
What methods are there of skinning?
Sheet metal wrapped
Filament wound
Preformed
What is the wingbox?
The wing box is designed to provide support and rigidity to the wings and is supported by heavy frames and a “keel beam.”
What else does the wing box help with?
Absorb impacts sustained during events like turbulence and it may form part of an integral fuel storage system.
How is the engine pylon usually constructed?
Frame and skin
What is an advantage of adhesively bonding?
Spreads the loads
What is the type of surface protection related to?
Material
Function
Location
What are the three groups of protective treatment?
Pre-treatment
Paint
Special coatings
What are some of the pre-treatments?
Passivation
Sacrificial coatings
Chemical film
Electroplating
What describes the method of cleaning and prep of a surface?
DEF STAN 03-2/1
What is chromating?
Process that produces a protective oxide film and has a golden yellow appearance.
What is the most common chromate type?
Potassium Dichromate solution
Before painting magnesium what must be done?
Special treatment
What is the most common type of paint?
Polyurethane
What temp must paint be applied in?
15-25 degrees c
What is a type 1 special coating?
Water repellent coating generally made from silicone free materials
What is a type 2 special coating?
Heavy duty corrosion preventative compound, grease like coating
What are the three methods of cleaning an aircraft?
Wet
Dry
Polishing
What does a wet wash remove?
Oil, grease, or carbon and most dirt.
When is dry washing applicable?
For removal of aircraft film, dust or small accumulations.
What does polishing do?
Restore the brightness/colour.
What can chlorinated solvents not be used for?
Interior cleaning.
What must happen to thick mud, grease or oil?
Removed by hand.
What is necessary after washing?
To re-lubricate.
How are exhaust gases cleaned off?
Dilution with water or white spirit and applied with a non-atomising spray.
How is snow and ice chemical salts cleaned off?
Clean water
What must happen to contaminated plastic foam?
Renewed.
What is necessary after the carriage of livestock?
Thorough internal clean, with particular attention to the bilge areas.
How is misalignment found?
Performing a symmetry test and alignment check.
When must an alignment check be carried out?
Major structural repair
Severe conditions
Flight crew reports of unusual characteristics.
What alignment checks are specified?
Dihedral angle
Incidence angle
Verticality of the fin
Engine alignment
Symmetry check
Horizontal stab incidence
Where is incidence checked?
At least two specified positions
If the angle of incidence is correct what will the inclinometer read?
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