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Cat B- Mod 11 Aircraft Systems > 11.8 Fire Protection > Flashcards

11.8 Fire Protection Flashcards

1
Q

What does a complete fire detection system include?

A

Fire detection system and extinguishing.

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2
Q

What are the designated fire zones on an aircraft?

A

Engines and APU
Baggage and cargo
Lavatories
Avio bay
Wheel wells
Bleed air ducts

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3
Q

What is a fire warning system?

A

To alert the flight crew of a fire or of an overheat condition that could lead to a fire

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4
Q

What are the most common detectors?

A

Thermal switches
Thermocouples
Continuous loop sensing

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5
Q

How does a thermocouple work?

A

Depends on the rate of temperature change and does not give a warning when an engine slowly overheats or a short circuit develops.

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6
Q

What does a thermocouple system contain?

A

Relay box, warning lights and thermocouples.

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7
Q

What can the wiring system of a thermocouple system be divided into?

A

Detector
Alarm
Test

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8
Q

What does a relay box contain?

A

Two relays, sensitive relay, slave relay and thermal test unit.

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9
Q

What size current causes the relay to close?

A

4 milliamperes

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10
Q

What are the two widely used continuous loop systems?

A

Thermistor- Kiddle and Fenwal
Pneumatic pressure detectors- Systron-Donner

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11
Q

How is the fenwal system constructed?

A

Uses an inconel tube which contains a thermally sensitive eutectic salt and a nickel wire centre conductor.

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12
Q

How does the fenwal system work?

A

When heated the resistance of the eutectic salt drops and allows current flow.

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13
Q

What two packings can be found in fenwal wires?

A

Ceramic beads with eutectic salts.
Aluminium oxide suspended in fibre glass

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14
Q

How is the Kidde system constructed?

A

Two wires which are embedded in an Inconel tube filled with a thermistor core material. Two electrical conductors go through the length of the core.

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15
Q

How does the kidde system work?

A

One conductor has a ground connection to the tube, and the other conductor connects to the fire detection control unit. As the temperature of the core increases, electrical resistance to the ground decreases.

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16
Q

In the kidde system how is it identified if its a electrical short or fire?

A

The time taken for the change in resistance reset after initial warning.

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17
Q

What is a dual loop system?

A

Two complete basic fire detection systems with their output signals connected so that both must signal to result in a fire warning.

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18
Q

What logic does a dual loop system use?

A

AND

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19
Q

What is the benefit of AND logic in dual loop systems?

A

Greater increased reliability against false fire warnings.

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20
Q

Can a dual loop system be ran on one loop?

A

Yes the MEL permits it for dispatch.

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21
Q

How does a pneumatic continuous loop system work?

A

Contained gas expanding due to the heat.

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22
Q

When is the average temp sensor in a pneumatic system triggered?

A

In the range of 93 °C to 371 °C.

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23
Q

How does discrete temp sensing work?

A

Hydrogen gas is released from the detector core whenever a small section of the tube is heated to a pre-set discrete temperature within the range of 1100 °C for 5 seconds.

24
Q

Are averaging and discrete temp sensing reversible?

A

Yes

25
Q

What systems use a stainless steel tube filled with helium gas and a length of titanium wire?

A

Linberg, systron-donner and meggitt.

26
Q

What causes an intermittent alarm in the fire detection system?

A

Intermittent short

26
Q

What are the two types of detector used in a smoke detector system?

A

Photoelectric (Comparison and refraction types)
Ionisation

27
Q

How do refraction smoke detector units work?

A

A photoelectric cell is placed at 90 degrees to a light beam, if smoke passes through it refracts the light onto the photodiode.

28
Q

How does an Ionisation smoke detector work?

A

An electrode with a very small amount of radioactive material on one side of the detection chamber.

29
Q

What aircraft are required to have smoke detectors in the lavatories?

A

Aircraft that can carry 20 or more passengers.

30
Q

What is HRD?

A

High Rate Discharge

31
Q

What is the most common extinguishing agent used today?

A

Halon 1301.

32
Q

What makes up the discharge valve?

A

Squib and diaphragm

33
Q

What are the two types of cartridge disk release?

A

Standard release type
High temp/hermetically sealed

34
Q

What are the two types of discharge indicator?

A

Red- Thermal discharge
Yellow- Discharge

35
Q

What is the regulation for engine fire extinguishing?

A

They must be two shot.

36
Q

What does the check valve do on the bottle?

A

Prevents the second bottle filling the first empty one when discharged.

37
Q

What 4 things cause an APU to auto-shutdown?

A

Fire
Oil overpressure
Overspeed
Overheat

38
Q

What is the discharge cartridges service life?

A

5 to 10 years.

39
Q

In the cargo extinguishing system what is the dump and metered systems?

A

Dump is the first bottle
Metered, slow and controlled.

40
Q

At what tempo is cargo extinguishing system discharged?

A

76 degrees c

41
Q

What happens if a fire test is carried out on the ground with only batteries in use?

A

Squib and discharge light come on with no ECAM warning
Red APU FIRE PBA light partially light comes on

42
Q

Do lav fire extinguishers have the facility to be tested?

A

No, once they have low pressure they must be changed.

43
Q

How many fire extinguishers be found on aircraft with 201-300 pax?

A

4

44
Q

How many fire extinguishers be found on aircraft with 601+ pax?

A

8

45
Q

What type of halon is used in hand held extinguishers?

A

1211

46
Q

What class fires can be controlled with halons?

A

A,B or C

47
Q

What are Co2 extinguishers used for?

A

On the ramp for external fires.

48
Q

What is the only all purpose A/B/C dry powder extinguisher?

A

Mono-ammonium

49
Q

What are class A fires best dealt with?

A

Water

50
Q

What is a Class A cargo compartment?

A

Visual smoke detection, accessible in flight.

51
Q

What is a Class B cargo compartment?

A

Each compartment to have its own detection and hand held extinguisher.

52
Q

What is a Class C cargo compartment?

A

Cargo compartments found in wide bodied aircraft.

53
Q

What is a Class D cargo compartment?

A

No longer used, became C or E

54
Q

What is a Class E cargo compartment?

A

Cargo compartment covering whole main deck.

Cat B- Mod 11 Aircraft Systems (28 decks)

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