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Willys Flashing > 11.9 > Flashcards

11.9 Flashcards

1
Q

Why are tabs less common on modern aircraft?

A

The flight surfaces are electrically or hydraulically moved and due to higher speed also have Mach trim

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2
Q

How is lateral trim controlled?

A

A switch in the centre console controlled through the FCU and electrical wires to the servo

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3
Q

How is yaw trim controlled?

A

-through a rotary knob on the centre console
-it is electrically controlled through the FCU and electrical wires to the servo

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4
Q

Where is the trimmed position shown?

A

A mechanical command is inputed to the actuator control electronics through two pitch trim signals
There are two alternate pitch trim levers on the captains side

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5
Q

What is active load alleviation?

A

Reduces the load of manoeuvring and turbulence

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6
Q

What is manoeuvred load control?

A

It uses wing control surfaces to move the centre of lift inward and reduce wing bending as well as

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7
Q

What is gust loading alleviation?

A

Deflects wing control surfaces to automatically counteract accelerations caused by wing gusts

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8
Q

What are manually operated systems?

A

Unassisted controls operated by flight crew through chains, control cables, turnbuckles pulleys fairleads etc

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9
Q

How are control cables set to allow for movements in both directions?

A

Bell cranks allow for pulling in both directions

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10
Q

What is the purpose and function of the tension regulators?

A

Due to the change in shape and size of the aircraft because of temperature the cable can be stretched or slackened, the springs inside the machine maintain correct tension

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11
Q

What is the function of a torque tube?

A

When angular or twisting motion is required they can be used to transmit tortional force

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12
Q

What is a common application and the function of a screw jack?

A

-Moving surfaces that take high aerodynamic loads
-they transfer rotary to linear motion

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13
Q

How can hydraulics safety be maintained?

A

-multiple hydraulic systems
-mechanical back ups
-multiple sources of pressurisation

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14
Q

What is a hydraulic power control unit (PCU)?

A

A single assembly combining multiple hydraulic systems into one
-they position flight control surfaces
-they represent a principle structural element
-in damping mode the servo control unit is depressurised

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15
Q

What is a servo control unit?

A

-A power section
-A distribution section

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16
Q

What does the power section on a servo control unit do and what is its main component?

A

It changes hydraulic pressure into mechanical force
-cyllinder
-piston
-piston rod

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17
Q

What are the main components on a distribution section of a servo control unit?

A

-control valve
-bypass valve

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18
Q

What is control / active mode on a servo control unit?

A

In flight
-hydraulic supply is switched on
-servo control unit is pressurised
-bypass valve moves left against a spring
-if a mechanical lever is displaced right control valve is displaced left the rod retracts

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19
Q

What is damping mode?

A

On ground
-servo control unit is depressurised
-used as a gust damper
-bypass allows movement

20
Q

What is power assisted control?

A

-hydraulic power assists the pilot in moving the control
-the pilot still receives feedback
-in hydraulic failure it still works

21
Q

What are manual and power assisted flying controls also known as?

A

Reversible flying controls

22
Q

What is a fully powered control system?

A

No mechanical controls and non reversible
No feedback given artificial feel is required

23
Q

What are pneumatic systems typically used for?

A

Back up systems

24
Q

How does an electrically actuated (PCU) differ from hydraulic ones?

A

The servo value is electronically controlled

25
Q

What are the three modes electrical power control units can position in?

A

Normal
Bypass
Blocked / dampened

26
Q

What are the (LAW’s) of fly by wire?

A

Normal
Alternate

27
Q

What is fly by wire law?

A

Computer software program which transfers input to movement

28
Q

When is fly by wire normal law used?

A

-stationary at gate
-taxiing
-beginning take off roll
-initial climb
-cruise climb and cruise flight
-final descent and landing

29
Q

What are the alternate laws of fly by wire?

A

-alternate law 1 & 2
-direct law
-mechanical law

30
Q

What is artificial feel?

A

In the case of hydro mechanical or electromechanical a false feel mechanism is required

31
Q

What devices are needed for artificial feel?

A

-a simple spring box with springs that can be compacted
-spring loaded roller fit into a v shape valley when input is increased the roller rides up the cam

32
Q

How does the Q pot feel system function?

A

A simple piston connected to a double linkage to the control column, the piston is pulled against pitot pressure.
The faster the air the higher the pitot pressure is pressing the diaphragm adjusting the valves on the pressure port and return port

33
Q

What are spring feel units adequate for?

A

Low speeds

34
Q

What is the purpose of a yaw damper and how does it work?

A

-To counter the rolling tendency of an aircraft
-the yawning damper provides input to the rudder in proportion to the yaw rate of the aircraft

35
Q

What is laws effect on flight control?

A

Adjusting the input effect on the flight control surface based on faults of the aircraft

36
Q

What is Mach trim system?

A

An automated system which trims the (THS) trimmable horizontal stabiliser to prevent uncontrolled nose down caused by Mach pressure waves

37
Q

What is the function of the rudder limiter?

A

It prevents large deflections of the rudder at high speeds
Full pedal movement is maintained

38
Q

How is gust lock structured?

A

-either separate or part of the system
-either on the control surface or the flight deck
-to be installed when parked or when maintenance is being performed

39
Q

What is static balance?

A

When a control surface is tendant to stay stationary when supported by its centre of gravity

40
Q

What is dynamic balance?

A

Where all of the rotating forces are balanced within themselves so that no vibration is preduced while the body is in motion

41
Q

When rebalancing what must be done?

A

-The trim tabs must be set to neutral
-when a control surface is mounted it must be free of air currents
-it must be able to rotate freely
A bubble protractor is used to establish a neutral position

42
Q

What is aircraft rigging?

A

Rigging is the process of setting cable tension, adjusting travel limits of flight controls and tabs as well as setting travel stops

43
Q

What system warns of an impending stall to the pilots?

A

Stick shaker

44
Q

What is the function of a stick nudger/ pusher?

A

To avoid a stall

45
Q

How is angle of attack measured?

A

AOA indicator

46
Q

What does angle of attack protection do?

A

Limits the pilots input effect to prevent a stall warning

Willys Flashing (24 decks)

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