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Willys Flashing > 11.1 Instructor Q > Flashcards

11.1 Instructor Q Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three axis of motion?

A

-Longitude
-Latitude
-vertical

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2
Q

Which fight control controls movement about the VERTICAL axis?

A

Rudder

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3
Q

Which flying controls, control movement around the lateral axis?

A

Elevator

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4
Q

Which flight control controls movement about the LONGITUDINAL axis?

A

Ailerons and roll spoilers

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5
Q

How many ailerons are fitted to large aircraft & how do they operate?

A

Inboard and outboard

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6
Q

What is meant by aileron lockout?

A

In high speed flight outboard ailerons can be locked to avoid excessive load

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7
Q

Which type of aircraft fitted with a “Ruddervators” and how are they used?

A

V tail aircraft they are deflected in opposite directions for yaw and the same direction for pitch

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8
Q

What type of aircraft fitted with “elevons” and how they used for pitching and rolling?

A

Delta aircraft they are deflected in opposite directions to induce roll

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9
Q

Where is a CANARD fitted?

A

Ahead of the leading edge

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10
Q

What are the 2 main design classes of CANARD?

A

Lifting and control

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11
Q

Which design of an aircraft prevents the VERTICAL STABILIZER and RUDDER become overloaded, when the aircraft is flying at high speed, above 200 knots?

A

Rudder limiter

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12
Q

What property of air changes with the onset of transonic flight?

A

The compressibility of air

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13
Q

What is Mach number?

A

The local speed of sound in units

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14
Q

What is the critical Mach number?

A

The point where some airflow over the aerofoil becomes supersonic

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15
Q

What wing design feature delays the onset of Mcrit?

A

Swept wings

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16
Q

Where does supersonic airflow first occur on an aerofoil?

A

Over the top of the wing

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17
Q

What forms on the upper surface of the wing when Mcrit is exceeded?

A

Normal shockwave

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18
Q

What happens to the direction and the properties of air flow behind the normal shockwave?

A

Separates and slows to subsonic speeds

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19
Q

How are oblique shockwaves employed in intakes?

A

One or more oblique shockwaves decrease the intensity of the normal shockwave

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20
Q

What happens to the direction and properties of flow which passes through an expansion wave?

A

It changes direction, velocity increases pressure and density decrease

21
Q

How is the position of the centre of pressure in supersonic flight changed and what does this influence?

A

Centre of pressure moves backwards from 25% of MAC to 50% causing Mach tuck

22
Q

How do vortex generators reduce wave drag?

A

By re energising the boundary layer

23
Q

What drag increases due to vortex generators?

A

Parasite

24
Q

In addition to the installation of vortex generators what is the other method of reducing wave drag?

A

Area rule principle

25
Q

Where on the wing does a shockwave form first?

A

On top then underneath if the speed increases

26
Q

What are the two types of shockwave which can form on supersonic aerofoils?

A

Oblique and normal

27
Q

Why is the Boeing 747 designed with the hump upper deck?

A

An implementation of the area rule

28
Q

What detrimental effect does aerodynamic heating have on aircraft metals? What metal shows the best strength?

A

It weakens the structure, stainless steel has the best strength

29
Q

Aluminium can lose how much strength at 250 degrees?

A

80%

30
Q

What is the difference between multiple oblique shock engine inlets and the single oblique engine shock inlet?

A

Multiple has more smaller shockwaves

31
Q

What are the secondary flying controls?

A

-Effecting drag
-lift devices
-trim devices

32
Q

What are two types of secondary control lift devices?

A

Leading edge and trailing edge

33
Q

Which trailing edge flap design gives the maximum increase in lift?

A

The slotted fowler design

34
Q

When are high lift devices used?

A

Take off and landing

35
Q

What would be the effect on the aircraft if the slats are deployed?

A

An increase in lift, re energised boundary layer and increased camber

36
Q

What is the difference between a slat and a slot?

A

Slats are retractable

37
Q

What is the difference of leading edge flaps/ leading edge droop compared to the trailing edge flap?

A

The leading edge improves flow over wing

38
Q

What are two types of drag devices and where are they fitted?

A

Spoilers mounted to the wing top
Air brakes are mounted to the fuselage

39
Q

What effect do saw tooth leading edges and wing fences have on airflow over the wing?

A

They minimise span wise flow

40
Q

To control the boundary layer which device is fitted vertically on the wing upper surface, and how is it used?

A

Vortex generators

41
Q

Where are stall wedges fitted and what are they for?

A

In the front of the leading edge at the root to encourage root first stall through flow separation

42
Q

What is the purpose of trim tabs?

A

To compensate for imbalance of the aircraft

43
Q

What is the difference in anti balance tab compared to balance/ servo tabs?

A

It deflects in the direction of the control surface to give resistance and give feel

44
Q

How does a balance tab aid the pilot?

A

It adjusts the camber of the flight control surface and deflects in the opposite direction of the surface to aid in movement of the surface

45
Q

What is the difference in the spring tab compared to a servo tab?

A

The spring needs an amount of force to be overcome and move the flight surface

46
Q

Where is a balance panel fitted?

A

Between the leading edge of the surface and main surface

47
Q

What is the difference in mass balance and aerodynamic balance?

A

Mass balance is the balancing of a surface by moving the cg with weights to limit fluttering

Aerodynamic balancing is balancing the surface through having a portion of the surface extend into the airflow making moving the surface easier

48
Q

Where is the centre of gravity on a mass balanced surface?

A

Hinge line

Willys Flashing (24 decks)

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