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Willys Flashing > 11.1 Instructor Q > Flashcards

11.1 Instructor Q Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three axis of motion?

A

-Longitude
-Latitude
-vertical

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2
Q

Which fight control controls movement about the VERTICAL axis?

A

Rudder

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3
Q

Which flying controls, control movement around the lateral axis?

A

Elevator

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4
Q

Which flight control controls movement about the LONGITUDINAL axis?

A

Ailerons and roll spoilers

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5
Q

How many ailerons are fitted to large aircraft & how do they operate?

A

Inboard and outboard

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6
Q

What is meant by aileron lockout?

A

In high speed flight outboard ailerons can be locked to avoid excessive load

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7
Q

Which type of aircraft fitted with a “Ruddervators” and how are they used?

A

V tail aircraft they are deflected in opposite directions for yaw and the same direction for pitch

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8
Q

What type of aircraft fitted with “elevons” and how they used for pitching and rolling?

A

Delta aircraft they are deflected in opposite directions to induce roll

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9
Q

Where is a CANARD fitted?

A

Ahead of the leading edge

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10
Q

What are the 2 main design classes of CANARD?

A

Lifting and control

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11
Q

Which design of an aircraft prevents the VERTICAL STABILIZER and RUDDER become overloaded, when the aircraft is flying at high speed, above 200 knots?

A

Rudder limiter

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12
Q

What property of air changes with the onset of transonic flight?

A

The compressibility of air

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13
Q

What is Mach number?

A

The local speed of sound in units

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14
Q

What is the critical Mach number?

A

The point where some airflow over the aerofoil becomes supersonic

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15
Q

What wing design feature delays the onset of Mcrit?

A

Swept wings

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16
Q

Where does supersonic airflow first occur on an aerofoil?

A

Over the top of the wing

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17
Q

What forms on the upper surface of the wing when Mcrit is exceeded?

A

Normal shockwave

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18
Q

What happens to the direction and the properties of air flow behind the normal shockwave?

A

Separates and slows to subsonic speeds

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19
Q

How are oblique shockwaves employed in intakes?

A

One or more oblique shockwaves decrease the intensity of the normal shockwave

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20
Q

What happens to the direction and properties of flow which passes through an expansion wave?

A

It changes direction, velocity increases pressure and density decrease

21
Q

How is the position of the centre of pressure in supersonic flight changed and what does this influence?

A

Centre of pressure moves backwards from 25% of MAC to 50% causing Mach tuck

22
Q

How do vortex generators reduce wave drag?

A

By re energising the boundary layer

23
Q

What drag increases due to vortex generators?

24
Q

In addition to the installation of vortex generators what is the other method of reducing wave drag?

A

Area rule principle

25
Where on the wing does a shockwave form first?
On top then underneath if the speed increases
26
What are the two types of shockwave which can form on supersonic aerofoils?
Oblique and normal
27
Why is the Boeing 747 designed with the hump upper deck?
An implementation of the area rule
28
What detrimental effect does aerodynamic heating have on aircraft metals? What metal shows the best strength?
It weakens the structure, stainless steel has the best strength
29
Aluminium can lose how much strength at 250 degrees?
80%
30
What is the difference between multiple oblique shock engine inlets and the single oblique engine shock inlet?
Multiple has more smaller shockwaves
31
What are the secondary flying controls?
-Effecting drag -lift devices -trim devices
32
What are two types of secondary control lift devices?
Leading edge and trailing edge
33
Which trailing edge flap design gives the maximum increase in lift?
The slotted fowler design
34
When are high lift devices used?
Take off and landing
35
What would be the effect on the aircraft if the slats are deployed?
An increase in lift, re energised boundary layer and increased camber
36
What is the difference between a slat and a slot?
Slats are retractable
37
What is the difference of leading edge flaps/ leading edge droop compared to the trailing edge flap?
The leading edge improves flow over wing
38
What are two types of drag devices and where are they fitted?
Spoilers mounted to the wing top Air brakes are mounted to the fuselage
39
What effect do saw tooth leading edges and wing fences have on airflow over the wing?
They minimise span wise flow
40
To control the boundary layer which device is fitted vertically on the wing upper surface, and how is it used?
Vortex generators
41
Where are stall wedges fitted and what are they for?
In the front of the leading edge at the root to encourage root first stall through flow separation
42
What is the purpose of trim tabs?
To compensate for imbalance of the aircraft
43
What is the difference in anti balance tab compared to balance/ servo tabs?
It deflects in the direction of the control surface to give resistance and give feel
44
How does a balance tab aid the pilot?
It adjusts the camber of the flight control surface and deflects in the opposite direction of the surface to aid in movement of the surface
45
What is the difference in the spring tab compared to a servo tab?
The spring needs an amount of force to be overcome and move the flight surface
46
Where is a balance panel fitted?
Between the leading edge of the surface and main surface
47
What is the difference in mass balance and aerodynamic balance?
Mass balance is the balancing of a surface by moving the cg with weights to limit fluttering Aerodynamic balancing is balancing the surface through having a portion of the surface extend into the airflow making moving the surface easier
48
Where is the centre of gravity on a mass balanced surface?
Hinge line

Willys Flashing (24 decks)

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