117 Chemical, Biological and Radiological Warfare Fundamentals Flashcards
Explain Chemical Warfare
Warfare using chemical agents to kill or incapacitate the enemy
Explain Biological Warfare
Warfare using weaponized diseases to kill or incapacitate the enemy or kill crops/ destroy water sources
Explain Radiological Warfare
Any form of warfare involving deliberately inducing radiation poisoning without relying on nuclear fusion or fission
Describe the purpose of the MCU-2P protective mask
Protects the human body from airborne gases. Only filters air; does not provide oxygen and has no canister.
Describe the purpose of the Chemical Protective Over Garment
Provides protection against solid and/or vapor Chemical or Biological attacks. Does not protect against liquids.
Describe the purpose of the Wet-weather Clothing
Protects from liquids
Describe the purpose of the Atropine/2 Pam Chloride (Oxime) Auto-Injector
Attempts to neutralize the effects of nerve gas. Does NOT automatically inject. You need to inject it into your thigh. The needle comes out and jabs you when you slam the pen into your muscle.
Describe the purpose of the IM-143 Pocket Dosimeter
About the size of a pen. They measure how much radiation has been received in certain areas
Describe the purpose of the DT-60 Personnel Dosimeter
Same as a IM-143 but a small, round disk thing that measures from longer range than the pen
List the 4 types of chemical casualty agents and their physical symptoms
Choking: Dryness of throat, watery eyes. Mustard gas. Affects the soft tissues of the throat and eyes
Nerve: Difficulty breathing, constriction of eyes, effects nervous system
Blood: Poison. Hydrogen cyanide. disrupts breathing and stops heart
Blister: Irritates skin and incapacitates personnel
Describe a High Altitude Air Burst
Altitude explosion above 100,000 feet. Disturbs ionosphere and disrupts radio waves. Creates EMP wave that would knock out electronics over a huge area
Describe an Air Burst
Fireball doesn’t touch Earth’s surface. Air rushing to rebalance pressure creates a mushroom cloud and distributes radiation fallout
Describe a Surface Burst
Worst fallout. Fireball touches ground, debris gets sucked up and returns as radiation fallout.
Describe a Shallow Underwater Burst
Small fireball, explosion creates giant bubble that shoots a collumn of hot water into sky and expels gas and debris, causes large waves
Describe a Deep Underwater Burst
Larger than shallow burst, contaminants move much more quickly
Describe the effect of Blast in a nuclear explosion
Primary and secondary injuries, primarily by blast (direct force on body-more casualties) , secondary by debris (collapsing buildings)
Describe the effect of Flash Burns/Blindness in a nuclear explosion
Primary-heat from the bomb. Secondary-fires caused by the bomb
Describe the effect of Radiation in a nuclear explosion
Alpha & Beta particles-
Describe the effect of EMP in a nuclear explosion
Electro-Magnetic Pulse-Destroys electronics by super-oversurging them with electricity
Describe the effect of Blackout in a nuclear explosion
Loss of lights or electrical power in general during a nuclear attack
Define MOPP
Mission-Oriented Protective Posture- amount of protective CBR gear to wear or have readily available.
What is MOPP Level 1?
Gas masks issue and kept at battle stations. Inventory conducted on chem./ biological defense equip. and supplies.
What is MOPP Level 2?
Gas masks are carried by personnel
What is MOPP Level 3?
Wear protective equip. (smock with hood down, pants, over boots) stow decontam. kits in mask carrier, stow chem. gloves and medical supplies in jumper pocket. Go to gen. quarters, mat. condition Zebra. Fill canteens, active decontam. stations, post detection and monitoring teams.
What is MOPP Level 4?
Don gas mask, secure hood over head and mask. Don gloves. Condition Circle William is set (security of air vents) Activate Countermeasure Washdown System continuously
