103 Naval Heritage and Doctrine Fundamentals Flashcards
State the six areas of Naval Doctrine
Command and Control, Operations, Warfare, Logistics, Intelligence, and Planning (COWLIP)
Discuss the conditions that led to the formation of the US Navy
England allowed the colonies to trade with no other countries but England itself, and then began imposing unfair tariffs (taxation without representation). A Continental Congress was formed in September 1774 to draft a list of rights to be presented to the King of England. Naturally he laughed them off, which led to the formation of a second Continental Congress in May 1775 under George Washington. Esek Hopkins was our first Commander in Chief and he ordered two frigates to be created on October 13, 1775. They were put to sea in February 1776.
Explain how Naval Intelligence Operations, more than any other service, support peacetime operational decision making
Intel is central to the decision-making process, enhances combat effectiveness, identifies vulnerabilities. Naval inetl assets are forward-deployed worldwide so we can always have a high state of readiness and accurate information
State the mission of Naval Logistics
Ability to move and sustain forces at great distances from our shores, critical to foreign presence, repair/replenish ships
State the importance of planning to Naval Operations
Used when action is a potential response to a threat to a US interest, military strength best enhanced by deliberate peacetime analysis, planning, and exercise
Discuss how Naval Aviation supports Reconnaissance/Surveillance
search, interperate, record and analyze threats
Discuss how Naval Aviation supports Antisubmarine Warfare
seek and destroy submarines
Discuss how Naval Aviation supports Amphibious Assault
Landing of troops/equipment, beach bombardment
Discuss how Naval Aviation supports Logistics
Transport of P/M/C where needed
Discuss how Naval Aviation supports SAR
Land/sea, Fixed/rotor, provide over-watch/rescue actions
Discuss how Naval Aviation supports Mine Warfare
Seek and destroy mines
Discuss the significance of May 8, 1911 as it applies to Naval Aviation
Birthday of Naval Aviation. CAPT Chambers prepared requisitions for the purchase of 2 Curtiss biplanes. Became the navys first aircraft, called the A-1 Triad
State the name of the first aircraft carrier
First American carrier was the USS Langley, converted from the coal carrier USS Jupiter in 1920.
What was the first jet powered naval aircraft?
FJ-1 Fury in July 1946 operated from carriers
Who was the first naval aviator in space?
Alan Shepard, May 5, 1961 for 15 minutes on board the Freedom
Discuss the importance of the Battle of Coral Sea as it pertains to Naval History
It was the first naval battle fought entirely by aircraft; the ships never saw each other once. 4-8 May 1942
Discuss the importance of the Great White Fleet as it pertains to Naval History
Teddy Roosevelt had mediated a peace treaty between Japan and Russia. Japan felt that it did not get everything it should have deserved and relations between Japan and America became tense. Most of our fleet was stationed in the Atlantic. TR caused the construction of 11 white battlecruisers between 1904 and 1907 and sent them on a “show of power” tour around the world.
Discuss the importance of the Battle of Normandy as it pertains to Naval History
06 JUN 1944, largest amphibious assault in history. First successful opposed landing in 800 years. Gained us a foothold in France which began the march to victory against Germany.
Discuss the importance of the Battle of Midway as it pertains to Naval History
4-7 JUN 1942, turning point in Pacific. Japan tried to lure the US to Midway which was a supply point for the US so they could attack but ADM Nimitz received intel and knew the Japanese plan enabling him to prepare his 3 carriers. Japan lost all 4 carriers, US lost 1, the USS Yorktown
Discuss the importance of Guadalcanal as it pertains to Naval History
13-15 NOV 1942, It was the first amphibious assault on Japanese-held territories during WWII. 5 Sullivan brother were killed in the sinking of the USS Juneau. We gained a foothold and staging point to harass and attack Japan, while they LOST a vital staging and resupply point.
Discuss the importance of the Battle of Leyte Gulf as it pertains to Naval History
October of 1944, final blow to Japan. The Philippines were vital to the Imperial Japanese Navy as a refueling point and lost it after the US took the Island. This was also the first battle utilizing Japanese “kamikaze” fighters.
Discuss the Hand Salute
Dating back to medieval knights who touched their visors in deference to each other, it’s a simple tradition and an easy, universally recognized way of showing respect. Enlisted personnel in militaries worldwide salute warrant and commissioned officers.
Discuss Saluting the Ensign
All personnel salute uncased American flags when in uniform or during the National Anthem. It’s a tribute to our country and flag and the men and women who have fought and died for her right to wave.
Discuss Dipping the Ensign
Dipping the Ensign is a way for merchant ships to show respect to military ships, and likewise, a way for military ships to show respect to superior ships. It consists of dipping the flag to half mast, waiting for the superior ship to dip and haul colors, then resuming full mast. Naval vessels NEVER salute merchant ships first.
Discuss the importance of the Gun Salute
When a ship fired her guns before it met another ship, it was essentially the ultimate way to show deference. The ship could be rendered utterly helpless for some period of time because it could take as long as 20 minutes for a crew to reload a gun.
President and heads of foreign States: 21 guns.
Vice President: 19 guns
Admirals: 17 guns
Vice Admirals: 15 guns
Rear Admiral Upper half: 13 guns
Rear Admirals lower half: 11 guns
