11.2 Flashcards
What is nitrogen fixation?
The process of converting atmospheric nitrogen into a form usable by plants
What is nitrification?
The process of converting ammonium into nitrite and then into nitrate
What is denitrification?
The process of converting nitrates back into nitrogen gas, releasing it into the atmosphere
What are the inputs of photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight
What are the outputs of photosynthesis?
Glucose and oxygen
What are the inputs of cellular respiration?
Glucose and oxygen
Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria of cells.
What are the outputs of cellular respiration?
Carbon dioxide, water, and ATP
How do different nutrients enter and leave the food chain?
Through processes like absorption by plants, consumption by animals, and decomposition
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Where do plants get nitrogen?
From the soil, primarily in the form of nitrates or ammonium
Where do plants get phosphorus?
From soil minerals and organic matter
Where do plants get potassium?
From soil, often in the form of potassium ions
What type of organisms perform photosynthesis?
Plants, algae, and some bacteria
What type of organisms perform cellular respiration?
All living organisms, including plants, animals, fungi, and many bacteria
Differentiate between how energy flows through a food chain and how carbon flows through a food chain.
Energy flows in one direction while carbon cycles through various forms
