4.1 History/Structure of DNA Flashcards
What happened to Griffith’s mice when he gave them the virulent Smooth strain?
The mice died.
What happened to the mice when he gave them the non-virulent rough strain bacteria?
The mice lived.
What happened to the mice when he gave them the heat killed smooth strain?
The mouse lived.
What happened to the mice when he gave them the non-virulent rough strain bacteria AND the heat killed smooth strain?
The mice died.
Based on the results of Griffi’s experiment, the transforming factor was…
there was not enough information to identify.
In Avery and DNA, the proteins were destroyed with the enzymes. Was there transformation without the proteins?
Yes
In Avery and DNA, the RNA was destroyed with enzymes. Was there transformation without the RNA?
Yes
With Avery and DNA, the DNA was destroyed with enzymes. Was there transformation without the DNA?
No
What disease was Griffth researching?
Pneumonia
Hershey and Chase used radioactive isotopes to label two different types of macromolecules. What did they use to tag DNA and PROTEINS?
Radioactive Phosphorous to tag DNA
Radioactive Sulfur to tag proteins.
What is Bacteriophages shell made up of? What is stored inside the shell?
Protein makes up the shell.
DNA is stored inside the shell.
Chargaff’s First Law
A=T
G=C
Chargaff’s Second Law
The amount of A,T,G,C varies from one to the next
If 21% of the bases in DNA is Thymine, what is the percentage for the others?
A=21%
C=29%
G=29%
What is the difference between DNA and RNA?
The sugar is different
DNA= Deoxyribose
RNA= Ribose
What type of bond holds the base pairs to hold the two strands together? Why?
Hydrogen bonds-
They are easy to separate for copying the DNA.
What does antiparallel mean?
Run in opposite directions
Nucleotides are bonded from phosphate to sugar between what prime carbons?
3 and 5
How do you identify Pyrimidines and Purines?
Which bases are which?
Pyrimidines are 1 ring, Purines are 2 rings.
Thymine and Cytosine are Pyrimidines
Adenine and Guanine are Purines.
What type of bond holds the nucleotides together to create the backbone?
Covalent Bonds
