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Spanish > Spanish Level 1 > 1.1 Lesson > Flashcards

1.1 Lesson Flashcards

Learn the basic functioning of nouns, adjectives, articles, pronouns, gender, and the verb SER ("to be").

1
Q

Translate to Spanish.

a boy

A

un niño

boy - un niño (or muchacho, or chico). Note that masculine nouns usually end in -o, and use the indefinite article un.

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2
Q

Translate to Spanish.

a girl

A

una niña

girl - una niña (or muchacha, or chica). Note that feminine nouns usually end in -a, and use the indefinite article una. In this case, the change from -o to -a results in a completely different word in English (from “boy” to “girl”).

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3
Q

Translate to Spanish.

a man

A

un hombre

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4
Q

Translate to Spanish.

a handsome man

A

un hombre guapo

handsome - guapo. Note that adjectives in Spanish usually come after the noun

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5
Q

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a good-looking girl

A

una niña guapa

good looking (female) - guapa. Note that the adjective’s gender is feminine (ending in -a) to match the gender of the noun

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6
Q

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a pretty girl

A

una niña bonita

cute/pretty - bonita

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7
Q

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the man

A

el hombre

the (masculine) - el. Note that the article must match the noun in gender. El is used for masculine nouns

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8
Q

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the girl

A

la niña

the (feminine) - la. Note that la is the article used for feminine nouns

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9
Q

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the woman

A

la mujer

woman- la mujer

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10
Q

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the men

A

los hombres

the (plural, masculine) - los. Note that the article matches the noun in gender and number. Also note that los is the plural form of the article el. Masculine plural nouns usually end in -es and -os, while female plurals end in-as

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11
Q

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the pretty girls

A

las niñas bonitas

the (plural, feminine ) - las. Note that the adjective (bonitas) matches the noun (niñas) in both number and gender

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12
Q

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to be

A

ser

to be - ser. Note that ser is an irregular verb in Spanish, and is one of the most commonly used verbs. The other way of saying “to be” is the verb estar, which we will learn more about later

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13
Q

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The man is handsome

A

El hombre es guapo

he/she/it is - es. Es is the third-person singular in the present tense of the verb ser - “to be.”

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14
Q

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She is an enthusiastic teacher

A

Ella es una maestra entusiasta

teacher - el maestro, la maestra

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15
Q

What is the difference between the words el and él?

A
  • el is the definite masculine article “the”
  • él is the third person singular masculine pronoun “he”
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16
Q

Translate to Spanish.

The boy is a student

A

El niño es un estudiante

student - el/la estudiante. Note that estudiante is a fixed noun whose ending does not vary according to gender.

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17
Q

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I am a student

A

(Yo) soy una estudiante

I am - soy. Note that the subject pronoun yo (“I”) is optional in Spanish. It is usually preferable to say simply: “Soy una estudiante.” For masculine uses, say ‘un’ and for feminine uses, say ‘una’. But the more commonly used expression is ‘Soy estudiante’.

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18
Q

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I am tall

A

Yo soy alto

tall - alto/a

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19
Q

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Is he tall?

A

¿Es alto (él)?

Note that the pronoun (él) often comes after the adjective (alto) in a question, and is usually optional anyway

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20
Q

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Who am I?

A

¿Quién soy (yo)?

Remember that in Spanish, the pronoun (yo) can be omitted

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21
Q

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you (informal and formal)

A

tú (informal), usted (formal)

The word tú is usually used with friends and children, while usted (abbreviated Ud.) is used for more formal relationships or to show seniority

22
Q

Translate to Spanish.

You are (tú) handsome (masculine)

A

Tú eres guapo

you are - eres. If this sentence had been for “You (formal)”, then the Spanish translation would have been Usted es guapo.

23
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Is she short?

A

¿Es baja (ella)?

short - bajo. Note that the pronoun (“ella”) is optional in a question, as long as it is clear who is being spoken about

24
Q

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We are boys

A

Somos niños

we are - somos

25
# Translate to Spanish. Is (_it_) a boy?
¿Es un niño? ## Footnote In Spanish, the word "it" really doesn't exist, because even common nouns are given a gender. The word "it" is usually omitted where it would otherwise be in English
26
# Translate to Spanish. We are _fun_
(Nosotros) somos _divertidos_ ## Footnote fun - *divertido*. Remember that in Spanish, the adjective must agree with the noun in gender and quantity. Since the noun *nosotros* is masculine and plural, the adjective *divertidos* must be plural
27
# Translate to Spanish. _We_ are women
_Nosotras_ somos mujeres ## Footnote we - *nosotros, nosotras*. Note that the form of the word "we" varies depending on the genders of the group members. A mixed group of males & females would use the masculine *nosotros*
28
# Translate to Spanish. _They are_ men
_(Ellos) son_ hombres ## Footnote they are - *son*
29
# Translate to Spanish. The _children_ are tall
Los _niños_ son altos ## Footnote Note that in Spanish, a plural noun ending in *-os* can mean either all masculine nouns, or a mix of masculine and feminine nouns. When specifying a feminine only group, one must add *-as*, as in *niñas*
30
# Translate to Spanish. a _book_
un _libro_ ## Footnote book - *el libro*
31
# Translate to Spanish. some books
_unos_ libros ## Footnote In Spanish, the singular article *un* becomes plural *unos* when the noun itself becomes plural. *Unos* translates loosely as "some"
32
# Translate to Spanish. a _big_ book
un libro _grande_ ## Footnote big - *grande*
33
# Translate to Spanish. the big _houses_
las _casas_ grandes ## Footnote house - *la casa*. Note that *casa* is a feminine noun and carries the article *la*. All nouns in Spanish are either masculine or feminine, which is usually distinguishable by whether they end in *-o* or *-a*.
34
# Translate to Spanish. the _letter_ (mail)
la _carta_ ## Footnote letter - *la carta*
35
# Translate to Spanish. a _good_ book
un _buen_ libro / un libro _bueno_ ## Footnote good - *bueno*. Note that in Spanish you have option of placing *buen* before the noun or *bueno* after the noun. (The feminine form, *buena*, is the same before or after the noun)
36
# Translate to Spanish. a good _high school_
una buena _secundaria_ / una _secundaria_ buena ## Footnote high school - *la (escuela) secundaria, el colegio*. In some countries, *colegio* is used for all schools
37
# Translate to Spanish. Is it a good _(elementary)_ _school_?
¿Es una buena _escuela_? ## Footnote elementary school - *la escuela*. *Escuela* is usually the generic word for "school" if the type of school is unknown
38
# Translate to Spanish. _You_ (ud) _are_ a good teacher
_Usted es_ un buen maestro ## Footnote you are (formal) - *es*. Note that verbs used with *usted* are conjugated like those used with *él* and *ella*
39
# Translate to Spanish. you (plural), you all
ustedes (uds) ## Footnote You all - *ustedes*. *Ustedes* is often abbreviated as simply uds. To indicate a group of all boys, use *ellos*. To indicate a group of all girls, use *ellas*.
40
# Translate to Spanish. I am _American_
Soy _americano_ ## Footnote American - *americano*. Note that nationalities are not capitalized in Spanish. Also remember that pronouns (e.g., *yo*) are optional in Spanish. *Soy* is the shorter way of saying *Yo soy*
41
# Translate to Spanish. _You_ and _I_ are _American_
_Tú_ y _yo_ somos _americanos_ ## Footnote Remember that in Spanish, the adjective and noun form of adjectives like *americano* must agree with the gender and number of the pronoun/subject
42
# Translate to Spanish. _You_ (uds) _are_ girls
_Ustedes_ _son_ niñas ## Footnote you (uds) are - *son*
43
# Translate to Spanish. They (fem) are _nice_
Ellas son _simpáticas_ ## Footnote nice - *simpático*
44
# Translate to Spanish. The tall boys are _interesting_
Los niños altos son _interesantes_ ## Footnote interesting - *interesante*. Note that *interesante* is invariable in gender, but must match nouns in number
45
# Translate to Spanish. Are you (uds) _classmates_?
¿Son _compañeros_ (ustedes)? ## Footnote classmate - *el compañero, la compañera*. The word *compañero* is often used to just mean "buddy" or "companion" outside a school setting as well
46
# Translate to Spanish. you (plural, Spain)
vosotros ## Footnote you (plural, Spain) - *vosotros*. Note that *vosotros* is only used in informal contexts in Spain. In formal contexts in Spain, as well as in all circumstances in other countries, *ustedes* is used.
47
# Translate to Spanish. _You_ (vosotros) _are_ teachers
_Vosotros sois_ maestros ## Footnote you are (vosotros) - *sois**.* Remember that *vosotros* verb forms are only used for informal situations in Spain. In any country, it is perfectly safe to use *ustedes* to mean "you all"
48
Name the Personal Pronouns in Spanish * I * you * he/she * we * you all * they
PRONOMBRES PERSONALES * I - **yo** * you - **tú / Ud. (formal)** * he/she - **él/ella** * we - **nosotros/nosotras** * you all - **vosotros/vosotras** * they / you all - **ellos/ellas/uds.**
49
# Translate to Spanish. TO BE (*ser)* * I am * you are * he/she is * we are * you all are * they are
SER * yo **soy** * tú **eres** * él/ella/ud **es** * nosotros **somos** * vosotros **sois** * ellos/ellas/uds **son**
50
# Translate to Spanish. * the (singular) * the (plural)
* el/la * los/las
51
# Translate to Spanish. * a (singular) * some (plural)
* un/una (singular) * unos/unas (plural)
52
Pronounce the letters in the Spanish alphabet
a, b, c, ch, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, ll, m, n, ñ, o, p, q, r, rr, s, t, u, v, w, x, y, z ## Footnote Note that K and W are not really Spanish letters, but are in the alphabet to use in foreign words

Spanish Level 1 (34 decks)

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