11-1 (8.18.16) Flashcards
read: ACA passed in a non-trad way -> explains why Rep hate it
n
individual mandate upheld; NO to state expansion
n
non-discrimation means what
insurance has to be for everyone (even those with pre existing conditions)
three pillars of ACA
1) non disc 2) subsidies and exchanges 3) indivi mandate
key way to control cost
ACOs
(year) bill was passed; (year) it was implemented
bill was passed in 2010; it was implemented in 2014
read: ACA made a tax on cosmetic surgery and tanning salons
n
uninsurance rate dropped from what to what
40% to 10%
Medicaid costs are going (up/down) over time
up
Why increase Medicaid cost over time?
may be bc uninsured, now insured have “catch” up costs
list the organs for which PARA effects are paradoxical
- eyes: constrict pupils
- lungs: constrict bronchi
- bladder: CONTRACTS bladder
(sympathetic: relaxes bladder)
another name for parasympathetic system (other than relax)
cranio sacral
nerve fibers in vagus are mostly sensory or motor?
sensory
autonomic PRE ganglionic are (un/myelinated)
opp for post
mye
does the vagus nerve go to the head (yes or no)
no
what binds to the enhancer region
transcription factors
enhancer is in the DNA that is being transcribed - therefore it is (cis/trans)
cis
the two major components of connective tissue
cells
ECM where cells live
the main fiber produced by fibroblast is
collagen
name the different types of collagen
1-skin, tendon, bone
2-cartilage
3- reticular fiber
4-basal lamina
”” make cartilage
chondrocyte
where are reticular fibers found
in solid organs
which collagen type (exact name) forms meshworks
reticulin
deficiency of VIT C results in bd of tissue requiring regular “” turnover
collagen
which fiber uses silver stain
reticulin
fibrillin-1 function
acts as a scaffolding on which elastin molecules are deposited
complex is the elastic fiber
similarity bt glycoprotein and proteoglycan
both have core as protein
function of loose (this function is NOT fulfilled by other types)
loose-supports
C / g for fat, carb, protein
FAT 9C/g
Carb and protein 4C/g
three types of muscle
- smooth
- skeletal
- third?
cardiac
list out the layers of organization of skeletal muscle
Tissue = fascicle
cell = fiber
organelle = fibril
molecular = filament
T tubule def
- physical
- purpose
sarcolemma extension into cell
allows depolarization to take place WITHIN (not just on periphery)
thin/actin filament components
- F action
- Tropomyosin
- Troponin
where is myosin
A or I band
A band
is cardiac striated or not
(cardiac, smooth, skeletal) “” nucleus is centrally located
YES striated
cardiac and smooth
intercalated discs in cardiac muscle looks like of like
blood that zig zags down, messily
cardiac are shorter and “” (adj) compared to skm
branched
comp of intercalated disc (what junction)
adherens junction
gap junction
Purkinje fibers are specialized “” muscle cells
cardiac
P fiber purpose
these conduct electrical impulses (with/without) synapses
convey impulses from SA or AV node
without
name the wrappings
whole muscle is wrapped in EPI-MY-SIUM
bundle of cells/fascicle is wrapped in PERI-MY-SIUM
cell is wrapped in ENDO-MYSIUM
