Axial Skeleton: Cranial and facial bones

Question 1

Name the 6 cranial bones

Answer 1

Frontal, Occipital, Pariental, Temperal, Sphenoid, Ethmoid

Question 2

Sphenoid

Answer 2

• internal (butterfly bone)
• Superior Orbital Fissura (split into eye)
• Sella Turcica (pituratary gland)
• Lesser greater wing
• Optic foramina
• rotundum foramen
• ovale foramen
• Lacerum Foramen

Question 3

Temporal Bone

Answer 3

• Squamousal Suture (connecting pariental and Temporal bones
• Zygomatic process
• Mandibular fossa (dip in bone where the mandible connects
• External auditory meatus
• Styloid Process
• Mastoid Process
• Stylomastoid foramen
• Juglar foreman
• Carotid Canal

Question 4

Frontal Bone

Answer 4

• supraorbital foramen

- coronal Suture

Question 5

Ethmoid Bone

Answer 5

• Located inside the nose
• Crista Galli- sharp piece point superiour, anchor membrane for brain
• cribriforma Plate-the cristagalli attached-holy
• Olfactory forman Lacerum
• Perpendicular plate-septum
• superior and Medial Nasal Conchae
• Sinus

Question 6

Occipital Bone

Answer 6

• Lambdoidal Suture (connecting occipital and parietal bone)
• Foramen magnum (large hole spinal cord meets brain)
• Occipital Condyles (articulates c1)
• Hypoglossal Canal (inside the foramen magnum)
• External occipital crest and protublerance

Question 7

Parietal Bone

Answer 7

• 2 L&R
• Sagittal Suture (above holding two together)
• Coronal Suture (down sides connecting to frontal)

Question 8

typical features of vertabra

Answer 8

• body and arch (pedicle body, Lsminse between processes)
• Transverse process (lateral out each side, anchor muscles)
• Spinous process (center spine protrusion)
• Vertebral Foramen (formed by body and arch where spinal cord goes)
• Intervertebral foramina (hole between 2 vertebrae)
• Intervertebral disc (fibrocartilage)

Question 9

3 main portions of the sternum

Answer 9

• manubrium (has juglar notch-dip in center)
• Body ( attaches ribs)
• Xiphoid process (cartilage tail turns to bone around 40)

Question 10

Difference between true, floating, and false ribs

Answer 10

• True- 7- defined by having its own piece of cartilage attached to sternum
• False- 5- defined by sharing or absense of cartilage
• Floating- 2- no cartilage

Question 11

Structure between vertabrea

Answer 11

intervertebral disc made of fibrocartilege

Question 12

Vertebral regions

Answer 12

Cervical-7- Atlas and Axis
Thoratic- 12- Articulates with ribs
Lumbar-5- Large=support
Sacral- 5 fused= Sacrum
Coccygeal- 3 fused= Coccyx

Question 13

Bones that contain Alveoli

Answer 13

• Maxilla

- Mandible

Question 14

The structure that is housed in the sella turnica

Answer 14

the pituatary gland

Question 15

The peg like process of c2

Answer 15

odontoid process- Dens

Allows head shaking how c1 and c2 connects

Question 16

Name of c1 and c2 vertabre

Answer 16

Atlas-c1

Axis-c2

Question 17

Bone that anchors tounge and why its unique

Answer 17

hyoid- b/c there is not articulation to another bone, kept in place by muscle tendenion

Question 18

Bones that comprise the hard palate

Answer 18

Maxilla and the palatine process

Question 19

The 7 bones that contribute to the orbit

Answer 19

• Frontal
• Sphenoid
• ethnoid
• maxilla
• palatine
• zygomatic
• lacrimal

Question 20

Name the bones that comprise the nasal septum

Answer 20

• Vomer

- Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid

Question 21

4 main cranial sutures and locations

Answer 21

• Coronal- connect frontal and parietal
• Squamous- connects temporal and parietal
• Lambdoid- connects occipital and parietal
• Sagittal- connects parietal bones down middle

Question 22

Maxillary Sinus

Answer 22

-Largest most superior sinus

Question 23

Ethmoidal Sinus

Answer 23

• Interior to frontal superior to sphenoid
• sinus
• small, multiple, behind eye orbit

Question 24

Hyoid

Answer 24

• Horseshoe like
• interior to mandable
• no articulation, held in place by muscle
• tongue is anchored to this

Question 25

Vomer

Answer 25

lower portion of nasal septum

Question 26

Lacrimal

Answer 26

• 2 bones (each side)
• Medial side of orbit
• Lacrimal Fossa- canal into nose (why our nose runs when we cry

Question 27

Palatine

Answer 27

• Roof of mouth further back

- 2 bones (L&R)

Question 28

Mandible

Answer 28

• Coronoid Process (muscle attached to move jaw)
• Mandubular Condyle (attaches to Mandibular fossa of temporal bone)
• Rami- edge of mandible
• body
• Mandibular angle
• Alveolar margin
• Mandibular symphysis (chin)
• Mental formina (external)
• Mandibluar foramen (internal)

Question 29

Bones that comprise the zygomatic arch

Answer 29

Zygomatic and temperal

Question 30

Fontanels

Answer 30

Soft spots on fetal skeleton

Question 31

Shenoid Sinus

Answer 31

• Superior to the maxillary

- interior/posterior to ethmoidal

Question 32

Frontal SInus

Answer 32

top most superior above orbital

Question 33

Inferior nasal concae

Answer 33

Creates more surface area

Question 34

Nasal

Answer 34

Bridge of bone where glasses sit (2)

Question 35

Zygomatic

Answer 35

Cheek Structure (2)

Question 36

Maxilla

Answer 36

• Upper Jaw
• Alveoli
• Palatine process
• Infraorbital foramen

Question 37

Name the facial bones (8)

Answer 37

Vomer 1, Maxilla 1, mandible 1, inferior nasal concha 1, Lacrimal 2, zygomatic 2, Palatine 2, Nasal 2