102N.12 Nail Diseases Disorders & Conditions

Question 1

Onychosis

Answer 1

Any disease, disorder, or condition of the nail

Question 2

Etiology

Answer 2

The cause of disease, order, or condition

Question 3

Disease is present…

Answer 3

Refer client to a medical professional; no service should be performed

Question 4

Disorder is present…

Answer 4

Perform nail devices with caution; client may want to consult medical professional for help and information

Question 5

Condition is present…

Answer 5

Perform nail services with modifications; nail should improve with correct techniques, products, or improved nutrition

Question 6

Onychomychosis

Answer 6

Fungal infection of nail; black/brown or beige/white thickened nail, can be spongy and soft

Question 7

Onychia

Answer 7

General term for inflammation of the PNF

Question 8

Paronychia

Answer 8

Inflammation of skin around nail

Question 9

Koilonychia

Answer 9

Nails with concave shape; aka spoon or ski-jump nails

Question 10

Myxoid cyst

Answer 10

Infection in the PNF when the skin is broken and bacteria are able to get in; small, fluid filled sac

Question 11

Felon

Answer 11

Painful inflammation on fingertip; resembles blister

Question 12

Onychomadesis

Answer 12

Shedding or loss of the nail plate with separation beginning at the matrix

Question 13

Onychatrophia

Answer 13

Atrophy of nail or wasting away of nail plate

Question 14

Chloronychia

Answer 14

Discoloration of nails; “greenies”

Question 15

Pyogenic granuloma

Answer 15

Lesion that can form on the hand/foot or nail bed; skin growth that is usually small, round, and red

Question 16

Horizontal grooves

Answer 16

Corrugation or beau’s lines

Question 17

Vertical grooves

Answer 17

Furrows

Question 18

Onychocryptosis

Answer 18

Ingrown nail

Question 19

Pincer nails

Answer 19

Extreme c-curvature of the nail; trumpet nails

Question 20

Plicatured nails

Answer 20

Sides of the folded nail cut into the soft tissue; nail is slag on top, but one of both of lateral nail folds angles sharply into soft tissue; aka folded nails

Question 21

Nail psoriasis

Answer 21

Shallow or deep holes in the nail called pitting; thickening of nails; deformation, onycholysis (separation), or discoloration

Question 22

Onychogryphosis

Answer 22

Increased thickness or curvature of nails that may occur with age or injury

Question 23

Onychauxis

Answer 23

Abnormal outgrowth of nail or thickening of nail plate

Question 24

Melanonychia

Answer 24

Brown or black darkening of nail; often appears as a darkened stripe running the length of the nail plate

Question 25

Bruised nails

Answer 25

Dark-purplish discoloration under nail

Question 26

Fan nails

Answer 26

Free edge visually appears wider than nail base

Question 27

Hang nails

Answer 27

Splits in the PNF or lateral nail fold

Question 28

Hapalonychia

Answer 28

Very thin, soft nails that sometimes curve over free edge; aka eggshell nail

Question 29

Leukonychia

Answer 29

White spots appearing within nail plate

Question 30

Onychophagy

Answer 30

Bitten nails

Question 31

Onycholysis

Answer 31

Loosening or separation of nail plate from nail bed

Question 32

Onychorrhexis

Answer 32

Split or brittle nails

Question 33

Onychoschitzia

Answer 33

Splitting or peeling of the nail plate typically at free edge; delamination

Question 34

Pitted Nails

Answer 34

Small pits or dents on the surface of the nail called pitting

Question 35

Pterygium

Answer 35

Living skin that becomes attached to nail plate at PNF(dorsal) or hyponychium(inverse)

Question 36

Splinter Hemorrhages

Answer 36

Red-brown vertical lines under the nail plate resembling a wood splinter